2.7.1.1: hexokinase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about hexokinase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.7.1.1
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2.7.1.1
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glucose-6-phosphate
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phosphofructokinase
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glycogen
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fructose
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citrate
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adp
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erythrocyte
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malate
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phosphorylase
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pancreatic
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hypoxia
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islet
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pentose
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creatine
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mellitus
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2-deoxyglucose
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aldolase
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hyperglycemia
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phosphoglucomutase
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warburg
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hypoxia-inducible
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6-phosphogluconate
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glut-1
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voltage-dependent
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vdacs
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streptozotocin
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positron
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soleus
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18f-fdg
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lateralis
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fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
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hypoglycemic
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invertase
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2-deoxy-d-glucose
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fructokinase
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gluconeogenic
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insulin-stimulated
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carboxykinase
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hexoses
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vastus
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glycogenolysis
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g6pase
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glycosomes
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antihyperglycemic
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phosphoglucose
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18f-fluorodeoxyglucose
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fdg-pet
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pharmacology
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suvmax
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analysis
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glutaminolysis
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2,6-bisphosphate
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synthesis
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diagnostics
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industry
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medicine
- 2.7.1.1
- glucose-6-phosphate
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phosphofructokinase
- glycogen
- fructose
- citrate
- adp
- erythrocyte
- malate
- phosphorylase
- pancreatic
- hypoxia
- islet
- pentose
- creatine
- mellitus
- 2-deoxyglucose
- aldolase
- hyperglycemia
- phosphoglucomutase
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warburg
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hypoxia-inducible
- 6-phosphogluconate
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glut-1
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voltage-dependent
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vdacs
- streptozotocin
-
positron
- soleus
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18f-fdg
- lateralis
- fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
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hypoglycemic
- invertase
- 2-deoxy-d-glucose
- fructokinase
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gluconeogenic
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insulin-stimulated
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carboxykinase
- hexoses
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vastus
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glycogenolysis
- g6pase
- glycosomes
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antihyperglycemic
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phosphoglucose
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18f-fluorodeoxyglucose
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fdg-pet
- pharmacology
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suvmax
- analysis
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glutaminolysis
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2,6-bisphosphate
- synthesis
- diagnostics
- industry
- medicine
Reaction
Synonyms
6-phosphate glucose kinase, AtHXK1, ATP-D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, ATP-D-hexose-6-phosphotransferase, ATP-dependent hexokinase, ATP: D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase, ATP: D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, ATP:D-glucose 6-phosphotransferase, ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, BmHk, brain form hexokinase, CzHXK1, FgHXK1, FgHXK2, GCK, GK, GKbeta, GlcK, glk, GlkB, glucokinase, glucokinase 1, glucokinase B, glucose ATP phosphotransferase, HaHXK1, hexokinase, hexokinase (phosphorylating), hexokinase 1, hexokinase 2, hexokinase 3, hexokinase 6, hexokinase A, hexokinase D, hexokinase Dor, hexokinase I, hexokinase II, hexokinase III, hexokinase IV, hexokinase PI, hexokinase PII, hexokinase type I, hexokinase type II, hexokinase type IV, hexokinase type IV glucokinase, hexokinase, tumor isozyme, hexokinase-1, hexokinase-10, hexokinase-2, hexokinase-4, hexokinase-5, hexokinase-6, hexokinase-7, hexokinase-8, hexokinase-9, hexokinase-II, hexokinase-like 1, hGK, hGK isoform 1, HK, HK II, HK-1, HK-I, HK-R, HK1, HK2, HK4, HKDC1, HKI, HKII, HKIII, HKL1, HPGLK1, HXK, HXK A, HXK II, Hxk1, HXK10, Hxk2, Hxk3, HXK4, HXK5, HXK6, HXK7, HXK8, HXK9, hxkC, hxkD, kinase, hexo- (phosphorylating), KlHxk1, LGK, LGK2, liver glucokinase, liver glucokinase isoform 2, MODY2 glucokinase, More, muscle form hexokinase, NfGlck, NtHXK1, OsHXK, OsHXK1, OsHXK10, OsHXK2, OsHXK3, OsHXK4, OsHXK5, OsHXK6, OsHXK7, OsHXK9, pHXK, plastid hexokinase, PpHXK1, PpHXK10, PpHXK11, PpHXK2, PpHXK3, PpHXK4, PpHXK5, PpHXK6, PpHXK7, PpHXK8, PpHXK9, Rag5p, ROK hexokinase, ScHK2, ScHXK2, SoHXK1, StHK, STK_23540, StoHK, TbHK1, TbHK2, TcHK, TthHK, type II hexokinase, VIT_18s0001g14230, xprF, Zm.5206, Zm.95484
ECTree
2.7.1.1 hexokinaseAdvanced search results
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results (Localization
Localization on EC 2.7.1.1 - hexokinase
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LOCALIZATION 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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significant binding of glucokinase enhanced cyan fluorescent protein fusion construct to insulin secretory granules
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association between glucokinase and alpha-tubulin as well as beta-tubulin
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additional information
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hexokinase 2, enzyme contains a putative cleavable chloroplast transit peptide of 30 amino acids
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glucose levels higher 5 mM or fructose addition to the medium causes a rapid translocation of glucokinase to a predominant cytoplasmic localization
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glucokinase becomes active when it is released from glucokinase regulatory protein and translocates to the cytosol
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glucokinase becomes active when it is released from glucokinase regulatory protein and translocates to the cytosol
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in granulocytes and erythrocytes most of the hexokinase activity is found in the cytosol
structural and biochemical characterization of the mitochondrial conformation reveals higher conformational stability and slow protein unfolding rate compared with the cytosolic conformation
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2 soluble isozymes, increased activity of the cytosolic and non-cytosolic isozymes induced by tobacco mosaic virus infection
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using only a partial fusion protein
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a green fluorescent protein-labelled hexokinase shows the GFP fluorescence diffusely throughout the cytosol
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glucokinase becomes active when it is released from glucokinase regulatory protein and translocates to the cytosol
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HKII translocates between mitochondria and the cytosol in response to glucose, glucose 6-phosphate and Akt
in both cytosol and membrane fractions, hexokinase weakly associates with the membrane or particulate fraction
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in both cytosol and membrane fractions, hexokinase weakly associates with the membrane or particulate fraction
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in both cytosol and membrane fractions, hexokinase weakly associates with the membrane or particulate fraction
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in both cytosol and membrane fractions, hexokinase weakly associates with the membrane or particulate fraction
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hexokinase I binds to the outer membrane of mitochondria, linear chains of enzyme dimers are stabilized by interactions with mitochondrial porin
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type I isozyme, binds with a hydrophobic N-terminal sequence to mitochondria through interaction with porin using intermitochondrial ATP as cosubstrate facilitating the coordination of the introduction of glucose into glycolysis, type II isozyme binds with a hydrophobic N-terminal sequence to mitochondria in vitro
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HK I, 2 kinds of interactions between HK I and mitochondria: a very specific one with the hexokinase-binding protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane, which is supressed by glucose 6-phosphate, and a less specific, cation-mediated one
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binding of brain enzyme to the outer mitochondrial membrane plays a role in regulation of hexokinase activity in vivo
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the majority of the green fluorescent protein tagged HxkC appears to be associated with mitochondria both in cells grown in medium containing glucose as a carbon source and cells subjected to carbon starvation
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bound at type A sites and type B sites of brain mitochondria, ratio of type A:type B is 40:60, enzyme bound at type A sites is releaved by glucose 6-phosphate, but not that of type B sites
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15% of total placenta hexokinase activity, only hexokinase I
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glucokinase shows a mitochondrial localization upon removal of glucose
association of hexokinase II with mitochondria can be inhibited by methyl jasmonate or with clotrimazole
hexokinase 2 is overexpressed in all aggressive tumors and predominantly found on the outer mitochondrial membrane. Structural and biochemical characterization of the mitochondrial conformation reveals higher conformational stability and slow protein unfolding rate compared with the cytosolic conformation. The interaction of hexokinase 2 with the mitochondria through its N-half is proposed to facilitate higher stability on the mitochondria
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type I isozyme, binds with a hydrophobic N-terminal sequence to mitochondria through interaction with porin using intermitochondrial ATP as cosubstrate facilitating the coordination of the introduction of glucose into glycolysis, type II isozyme binds with a hydrophobic N-terminal sequence to mitochondria in vitro, in vivo preferably in cancer cells
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hexokinase is functionally coupled to mitochondrial respiration
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association of hexokinase II with mitochondria can be inhibited by methyl jasmonate or with clotrimazole
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oleate decreases hexokinase-mitochondrial binding and abolishes insulin-mediated translocation of HK I. Under basal conditions, the fraction of hexokinase I that is mitochondrially bound is 5times greater than for hexokinase II. Insulin and ischemia cause a fourfold increase in hexokinase II binding but only a doubling of hexokinase I binding
under basal conditions, the fraction of hexokinase I that is mitochondrially bound is 5times greater than for hexokinase II. Insulin and ischemia cause a fourfold increase in hexokinase II binding but only a doubling of hexokinase I binding
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key role for hexokinase activity and/or localization to the mitochondria in the regulation of neurite outgrowth in cultured adult sensory neurons
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HKII translocates between mitochondria and the cytosol in response to glucose, glucose 6-phosphate and Akt
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the mitochondrial membrane exopolyphosphatase activity is stimulated by the hexokinase reaction product, glucose-6-phosphate. Polyphosphates increase hydrogen peroxide generation in mitochondria in a situation where mitochondrial hexokinase is also active
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the green fluorescent protein tagged HxkD is localized to the nucleus in cells grown in medium containing glucose, lactose or glycerol as carbon sources and when transferred to media lacking a carbon source
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glucokinase is enriched in the yeast nucleus of high-glucose growing cells, Mig1 regulates the nuclear exit under low-glucose conditions
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glucokinase regulatory protein causes accumulation of glucokinase in the nucleus
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glucokinase regulatory protein causes accumulation of glucokinase in the nucleus
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glucokinase is mainly localized to the nuclei at glucose concentrations around 5 mM
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glucokinase regulatory protein causes accumulation of glucokinase in the nucleus
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in lymphocytes and platelets most of the hexokinase activity is particle-bound
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73% of the activity in retinas is associated with the particulate fraction and 27% with the soluble fraction
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1 particulate isozyme, increased activity of the cytosolic and non-cytosolic isozymes induced by tobacco mosaic virus infection
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compartmentalization of hexokinase-1 to plasma membrane of sperm cells is swappable to somatic HEK-293 cells
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pHXK has a putative plastid-targeting signal sequence at its N terminus
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85% of total placenta hexokinase activity is soluble, of which 70% is hexokinase type I and 30% hexokinase type II
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73% of the activity in retinas is associated with the particulate fraction and 27% with the soluble fraction
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additional information
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enzyme has the ability to associate with cellular organelles, this association indicates a conformational equilibrium which is strikingly influenced by glucose 6-phosphate
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additional information
sequence contains an N-terminal peroxisome-targeting signal, PTS-2, subcellular distribution
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additional information
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sequence contains an N-terminal peroxisome-targeting signal, PTS-2, subcellular distribution
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