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EC 1.14.13.224 Details

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EC number

1.14.13.224

Accepted name

violacein synthase

Reaction

(1) protoviolaceinate + NAD(P)H + O₂ = violaceinate + NAD(P)⁺ + H₂O;;(2) protodeoxyviolaceinate + NAD(P)H + O₂ = deoxyviolaceinate + NAD(P)⁺ + H₂O

Other name(s)

proviolaceinate monooxygenase, vioC (gene name)

Systematic name

protoviolaceinate,NAD(P)H:O₂ oxidoreductase

Comment

The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum, participates in the biosynthesis of the violet pigment violacein. The products, violaceinate and deoxyviolaceinate, undergo non-enzymic autooxidation into violacein and deoxyviolacein, respectively.

History

created 2016

EC Tree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

1.4 Acting on the CH-NH₂ group of donors

1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors

1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH

1.6.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.6.2 With a heme protein as acceptor

1.6.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.6.4 With a disulfide as acceptor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.6.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.6.6 With a nitrogenous group as acceptor

1.6.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.6.8 With a flavin as acceptor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.6.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.6.99.1 NADPH dehydrogenase

1.6.99.2 created 1961 as EC 1.6.5.2, transferred 1965 to EC 1.6.99.2, deleted 2005

1.6.99.3 NADH dehydrogenase

1.6.99.4 created 1965, deleted 1972

1.6.99.5 NADH dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.6.99.6 NADPH dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.6.99.7 created 1972, modified 1981 (EC 1.6.99.10 created 1978, incorporated 1981), deleted 2003

1.6.99.8 created 1972, deleted 2002

1.6.99.9 created 1972, deleted 2002

1.6.99.10 created 1978, deleted 1981

1.6.99.11 created 1989, deleted 2002

1.6.99.12 created 1989, deleted 2002

1.6.99.13 created 1992, deleted 2002

1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors

1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors

1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors

1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor

1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor

1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)

1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

1.14.1 With NADH or NADPH as one donor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.14.2 With ascorbate as one donor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.14.3 With reduced pteridine as one donor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.14.11 With 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into each donor

1.14.12 With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.13 With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.13.1 salicylate 1-monooxygenase

1.14.13.2 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.3 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.4 melilotate 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.5 imidazoleacetate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.6 orcinol 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.7 phenol 2-monooxygenase (NADPH)

1.14.13.8 flavin-containing monooxygenase

1.14.13.9 kynurenine 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.10 2,6-dihydroxypyridine 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.11 trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.12 benzoate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.13 calcidiol 1-monooxygenase

1.14.13.14 trans-cinnamate 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.15 cholestanetriol 26-monooxygenase

1.14.13.16 cyclopentanone monooxygenase

1.14.13.17 cholesterol 7α-monooxygenase

1.14.13.18 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 1-monooxygenase

1.14.13.19 taxifolin 8-monooxygenase

1.14.13.20 2,4-dichlorophenol 6-monooxygenase

1.14.13.21 flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase

1.14.13.22 cyclohexanone monooxygenase

1.14.13.23 3-hydroxybenzoate 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.24 3-hydroxybenzoate 6-monooxygenase

1.14.13.25 methane monooxygenase (soluble)

1.14.13.26 phosphatidylcholine 12-monooxygenase

1.14.13.27 4-aminobenzoate 1-monooxygenase

1.14.13.28 3,9-dihydroxypterocarpan 6a-monooxygenase

1.14.13.29 4-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.30 leukotriene-B₄ 20-monooxygenase

1.14.13.31 2-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.32 albendazole monooxygenase

1.14.13.33 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase [NAD(P)H]

1.14.13.34 leukotriene-E₄ 20-monooxygenase

1.14.13.35 anthranilate 3-monooxygenase (deaminating)

1.14.13.36 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)-D-quinate 3′-monooxygenase

1.14.13.37 methyltetrahydroprotoberberine 14-monooxygenase

1.14.13.38 anhydrotetracycline 6-monooxygenase

1.14.13.39 nitric-oxide synthase (NADPH)

1.14.13.40 anthraniloyl-CoA monooxygenase

1.14.13.41 tyrosine N-monooxygenase

1.14.13.42 hydroxyphenylacetonitrile 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.43 questin monooxygenase

1.14.13.44 2-hydroxybiphenyl 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.45 created 1992, deleted 2003

1.14.13.46 (-)-menthol monooxygenase

1.14.13.47 (S)-limonene 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.48 (S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase

1.14.13.49 (S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase

1.14.13.50 pentachlorophenol monooxygenase

1.14.13.51 6-oxocineole dehydrogenase

1.14.13.52 isoflavone 3′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.53 4′-methoxyisoflavone 2′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.54 ketosteroid monooxygenase

1.14.13.55 protopine 6-monooxygenase

1.14.13.56 dihydrosanguinarine 10-monooxygenase

1.14.13.57 dihydrochelirubine 12-monooxygenase

1.14.13.58 benzoyl-CoA 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.59 L-lysine N⁶-monooxygenase (NADPH)

1.14.13.60 27-hydroxycholesterol 7α-monooxygenase

1.14.13.61 2-hydroxyquinoline 8-monooxygenase

1.14.13.62 4-hydroxyquinoline 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.63 3-hydroxyphenylacetate 6-hydroxylase

1.14.13.64 4-hydroxybenzoate 1-hydroxylase

1.14.13.65 2-hydroxyquinoline 8-monooxygenase

1.14.13.66 2-hydroxycyclohexanone 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.67 quinine 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.68 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime monooxygenase

1.14.13.69 alkene monooxygenase

1.14.13.70 sterol 14α-demethylase

1.14.13.71 N-methylcoclaurine 3′-monooxygenase

1.14.13.72 methylsterol monooxygenase

1.14.13.73 tabersonine 16-hydroxylase

1.14.13.74 7-deoxyloganin 7-hydroxylase

1.14.13.75 vinorine hydroxylase

1.14.13.76 taxane 10β-hydroxylase

1.14.13.77 taxane 13α-hydroxylase

1.14.13.78 ent-kaurene oxidase

1.14.13.79 ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase

1.14.13.80 (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase

1.14.13.81 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (oxidative) cyclase

1.14.13.82 vanillate monooxygenase

1.14.13.83 precorrin-3B synthase

1.14.13.84 4-hydroxyacetophenone monooxygenase

1.14.13.85 glyceollin synthase

1.14.13.86 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase

1.14.13.87 licodione synthase

1.14.13.88 flavanoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.89 isoflavone 2′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.90 zeaxanthin epoxidase

1.14.13.91 deoxysarpagine hydroxylase

1.14.13.92 phenylacetone monooxygenase

1.14.13.93 (+)-abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.94 lithocholate 6β-hydroxylase

1.14.13.95 7α-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one 12α-hydroxylase

1.14.13.96 5β-cholestane-3α,7α-diol 12α-hydroxylase

1.14.13.97 taurochenodeoxycholate 6α-hydroxylase

1.14.13.98 cholesterol 24-hydroxylase

1.14.13.99 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

1.14.13.100 25/26-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

1.14.13.101 senecionine N-oxygenase

1.14.13.102 psoralen synthase

1.14.13.103 8-dimethylallylnaringenin 2′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.104 (+)-menthofuran synthase

1.14.13.105 monocyclic monoterpene ketone monooxygenase

1.14.13.106 epi-isozizaene 5-monooxygenase

1.14.13.107 limonene 1,2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.108 abieta-7,13-diene hydroxylase

1.14.13.109 abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol hydroxylase

1.14.13.110 geranylgeraniol 18-hydroxylase

1.14.13.111 methanesulfonate monooxygenase (NADH)

1.14.13.112 3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone 23-monooxygenase

1.14.13.113 FAD-dependent urate hydroxylase

1.14.13.114 6-hydroxynicotinate 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.115 angelicin synthase

1.14.13.116 geranylhydroquinone 3′′-hydroxylase

1.14.13.117 isoleucine N-monooxygenase

1.14.13.118 valine N-monooxygenase

1.14.13.119 5-epiaristolochene 1,3-dihydroxylase

1.14.13.120 costunolide synthase

1.14.13.121 premnaspirodiene oxygenase

1.14.13.122 chlorophyllide-a oxygenase

1.14.13.123 germacrene A hydroxylase

1.14.13.124 phenylalanine N-monooxygenase

1.14.13.125 tryptophan N-monooxygenase

1.14.13.126 vitamin D₃ 24-hydroxylase

1.14.13.127 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate hydroxylase

1.14.13.128 7-methylxanthine demethylase

1.14.13.129 β-carotene 3-hydroxylase

1.14.13.130 pyrrole-2-carboxylate monooxygenase

1.14.13.131 dissimilatory dimethyl sulfide monooxygenase

1.14.13.132 squalene monooxygenase

1.14.13.133 pentalenene oxygenase

1.14.13.134 β-amyrin 11-oxidase

1.14.13.135 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate hydroxylase

1.14.13.136 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase

1.14.13.137 indole-2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.138 indolin-2-one monooxygenase

1.14.13.139 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one monooxygenase

1.14.13.140 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one monooxygenase

1.14.13.141 cholest-4-en-3-one 26-monooxygenase [(25S)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oate forming]

1.14.13.142 3-ketosteroid 9α-monooxygenase

1.14.13.143 ent-isokaurene C2/3-hydroxylase

1.14.13.144 9β-pimara-7,15-diene oxidase

1.14.13.145 ent-cassa-12,15-diene 11-hydroxylase

1.14.13.146 taxoid 14β-hydroxylase

1.14.13.147 taxoid 7β-hydroxylase

1.14.13.148 trimethylamine monooxygenase

1.14.13.149 phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase

1.14.13.150 α-humulene 10-hydroxylase

1.14.13.151 linalool 8-monooxygenase

1.14.13.152 geraniol 8-hydroxylase

1.14.13.153 (+)-sabinene 3-hydroxylase

1.14.13.154 erythromycin 12-hydroxylase

1.14.13.155 α-pinene monooxygenase

1.14.13.156 1,8-cineole 2-endo-monooxygenase

1.14.13.157 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase

1.14.13.158 amorpha-4,11-diene 12-monooxygenase

1.14.13.159 vitamin D 25-hydroxylase

1.14.13.160 (2,2,3-trimethyl-5-oxocyclopent-3-enyl)acetyl-CoA 1,5-monooxygenase

1.14.13.161 (+)-camphor 6-exo-hydroxylase

1.14.13.162 2,5-diketocamphane 1,2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.163 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine 3-monooxygenase

1.14.13.164 carotenoid isomerooxygenase

1.14.13.165 nitric-oxide synthase [NAD(P)H]

1.14.13.166 4-nitrocatechol 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.167 4-nitrophenol 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.168 indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase

1.14.13.169 sphinganine C4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.170 pentalenolactone D synthase

1.14.13.171 neopentalenolactone D synthase

1.14.13.172 salicylate 5-hydroxylase

1.14.13.173 11-oxo-β-amyrin 30-oxidase

1.14.13.174 averantin hydroxylase

1.14.13.175 aflatoxin B synthase

1.14.13.176 tryprostatin B 6-hydroxylase

1.14.13.177 fumitremorgin C monooxygenase

1.14.13.178 methylxanthine N¹-demethylase

1.14.13.179 methylxanthine N³-demethylase

1.14.13.180 aklavinone 12-hydroxylase

1.14.13.181 13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase

1.14.13.182 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone synthase

1.14.13.183 dammarenediol 12-hydroxylase

1.14.13.184 protopanaxadiol 6-hydroxylase

1.14.13.185 pikromycin synthase

1.14.13.186 20-oxo-5-O-mycaminosyltylactone 23-monooxygenase

1.14.13.187 L-evernosamine nitrososynthase

1.14.13.188 6-deoxyerythronolide B hydroxylase

1.14.13.189 5-methyl-1-naphthoate 3-hydroxylase

1.14.13.190 ferruginol synthase

1.14.13.191 ent-sandaracopimaradiene 3-hydroxylase

1.14.13.192 oryzalexin E synthase

1.14.13.193 oryzalexin D synthase

1.14.13.194 phylloquinone ω-hydroxylase

1.14.13.195 L-ornithine N⁵-monooxygenase (NADPH)

1.14.13.196 L-ornithine N⁵-monooxygenase [NAD(P)H]

1.14.13.197 dihydromonacolin L hydroxylase

1.14.13.198 monacolin L hydroxylase

1.14.13.199 docosahexaenoic acid ω-hydroxylase

1.14.13.200 tetracenomycin A2 monooxygenase-dioxygenase

1.14.13.201 β-amyrin 28-monooxygenase

1.14.13.202 methyl farnesoate epoxidase

1.14.13.203 farnesoate epoxidase

1.14.13.204 long-chain acyl-CoA ω-monooxygenase

1.14.13.205 long-chain fatty acid ω-monooxygenase

1.14.13.206 laurate 7-monooxygenase

1.14.13.207 ipsdienol synthase

1.14.13.208 benzoyl-CoA 2,3-epoxidase

1.14.13.209 salicyloyl-CoA 5-hydroxylase

1.14.13.210 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol 5-monooxygenase

1.14.13.211 rifampicin monooxygenase

1.14.13.212 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid 5-monooxygenase

1.14.13.213 bursehernin 5′-monooxygenase

1.14.13.214 (–)-4′-demethyl-deoxypodophyllotoxin 4-hydroxylase

1.14.13.215 protoasukamycin 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.216 asperlicin C monooxygenase

1.14.13.217 protodeoxyviolaceinate monooxygenase

1.14.13.218 5-methylphenazine-1-carboxylate 1-monooxygenase

1.14.13.219 resorcinol 4-hydroxylase (NADPH)

1.14.13.220 resorcinol 4-hydroxylase (NADH)

1.14.13.221 cholest-4-en-3-one 26-monooxygenase [(25R)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oate forming]

1.14.13.222 aurachin C monooxygenase/isomerase

1.14.13.223 3-hydroxy-4-methylanthranilyl-[aryl-carrier protein] 5-monooxygenase

1.14.13.224 violacein synthase

1.14.13.225 F-actin monooxygenase

1.14.13.226 acetone monooxygenase (methyl acetate-forming)

1.14.13.227 propane 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.228 jasmonic acid 12-hydroxylase

1.14.13.229 tert-butyl alcohol monooxygenase

1.14.13.230 butane monooxygenase (soluble)

1.14.13.231 tetracycline 11a-monooxygenase

1.14.13.232 6-methylpretetramide 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.233 4-hydroxy-6-methylpretetramide 12a-monooxygenase

1.14.13.234 5a,11a-dehydrotetracycline 5-monooxygenase

1.14.13.235 indole-3-acetate monooxygenase

1.14.13.236 toluene 4-monooxygenase

1.14.13.237 aliphatic glucosinolate S-oxygenase

1.14.13.238 dimethylamine monooxygenase

1.14.13.239 carnitine monooxygenase

1.14.13.240 2-polyprenylphenol 6-hydroxylase

1.14.13.241 5-pyridoxate monooxygenase

1.14.13.242 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylate monooxygenase

1.14.13.243 toluene 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.244 phenol 2-monooxygenase (NADH)

1.14.13.245 assimilatory dimethylsulfide S-monooxygenase

1.14.13.246 4β-methylsterol monooxygenase

1.14.13.247 stachydrine N-demethylase

1.14.13.248 L-aspartate N-monooxygenase (nitrosuccinate-forming)

1.14.13.249 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoate 2-monooxygenase

1.14.13.250 nitrosourea synthase

1.14.13.251 glycine betaine monooxygenase

1.14.14 With reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.15 With reduced iron-sulfur protein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.16 With reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.17 With reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.18 With another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.19 With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O₂ to two molecules of water

1.14.20 With 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and the other dehydrogenated

1.14.21 With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and the other dehydrogenated

1.14.99 Miscellaneous

1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor

1.16 Oxidizing metal ions

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors

1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y

1.21.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.21.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.21.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.21.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.21.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.22 Acting on halogen in donors

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.97 Other oxidoreductases

1.97.1 Sole sub-subclass for oxidoreductases that do not belong in the other subclasses

1.98 Enzymes using H₂ as reductant (deleted subclass)

1.99 Other enzymes using O₂ as oxidant (deleted subclass)

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)