2.7.1.91: sphingosine kinase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about sphingosine kinase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.7.1.91
-
2.7.1.91
-
sphingosine-1-phosphate
-
1-phosphate
-
sphingolipids
-
ceramide
-
endothelial
-
sirnas
-
necrosis
-
agonist
-
metastasis
-
artery
-
erk
-
phospholipase
-
fingolimod
-
fibrosis
-
lymphocyte
-
protein-coupled
-
sphingomyelinase
-
tnf
-
pulmonary
-
leukemia
-
sphingomyelin
-
anti-apoptotic
-
s1p-induced
-
stat3
-
pertussis
-
mapks
-
pro-apoptotic
-
mitogen
-
sclerosis
-
pkc
-
rheostat
-
signal-regulated
-
caspase-3
-
pro-survival
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platelet-derived
-
lysophospholipids
-
cardioprotective
-
phytosphingosine
-
drug development
-
lymphopenia
-
egress
-
glucosylceramide
-
medicine
-
fumonisins
-
s1p-mediated
-
dihydroceramide
-
mitogenesis
-
pdgf-induced
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ceramide-induced
-
lysophosphatidic
-
fcepsilonri
- 2.7.1.91
- sphingosine-1-phosphate
- 1-phosphate
- sphingolipids
- ceramide
- endothelial
- sirnas
- necrosis
- agonist
- metastasis
- artery
- erk
- phospholipase
- fingolimod
- fibrosis
- lymphocyte
-
protein-coupled
- sphingomyelinase
- tnf
- pulmonary
- leukemia
- sphingomyelin
-
anti-apoptotic
-
s1p-induced
- stat3
- pertussis
- mapks
-
pro-apoptotic
-
mitogen
- sclerosis
- pkc
-
rheostat
-
signal-regulated
- caspase-3
-
pro-survival
-
platelet-derived
- lysophospholipids
-
cardioprotective
- phytosphingosine
- drug development
- lymphopenia
-
egress
- glucosylceramide
- medicine
- fumonisins
-
s1p-mediated
- dihydroceramide
-
mitogenesis
-
pdgf-induced
-
ceramide-induced
-
lysophosphatidic
- fcepsilonri
Reaction
Synonyms
dihydrosphingosine kinase, kinase, dihydrosphingosine (phosphorylating), kinase, sphingosine (phosphorylating), More, SGK, SK, SK-1, SK-2, SK1, SK2, sphinganine kinase, sphingoid base kinase, sphingosine kinase, sphingosine kinase 1, sphingosine kinase 2, sphingosine kinase type 1, sphingosine kinase type 2, sphingosine kinase-1, sphingosine kinase-2, SPHK, SPHK-1, SPHK1, SPHK1a, SPHK1b, SPHK2, SPK
ECTree
2.7.1.91 sphingosine kinaseAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 2.7.1.91 - sphingosine kinase
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + (2R)-2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + (2R)-2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
ATP + (2R)-2-amino-4-(4-heptoxyphenyl)-2-methylbutan-1-ol
ADP + (2R)-2-amino-4-(4-heptoxyphenyl)-2-methylbutyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
isoform SPHK2 is 6fold more efficient than SPHK1 in phosphorylating
product is a nanomolar agonist of sphingosine 1-phsphate receptor 1, whereas the (2S)-enantiomer is much weaker
-
?
ATP + (2R,3R)-3-amino-5-(4-heptoxyphenyl)-3-methylpentan-2-ol
ADP + (2R,3R)-3-amino-5-(4-heptoxyphenyl)-3-methylpentan-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate
-
no substrate for SPHK1, phosphorylated by SPHK2 at low rates
product is a potent agonist of sphingosine 1-phsphate receptor 1
-
?
ATP + 1-O-hexadecyl-2-deoxy-2-amino-sn-glycerol
ADP + 1-O-hexadecyl-2-deoxy-2-amino-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
isozyme SPHK2, 10fold lower activity with isozyme SPHK1
-
-
?
ATP + 2-amino-2-[4-(4-octylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + 2-amino-2-[4-(4-octylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
ATP + 2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + 2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
ATP + 4,8-sphingadienine
ADP + 4,8-sphingadienine 1-phosphate
-
high activity
-
-
ir
ATP + 7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl-labeled sphingosine
ADP + 7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl-labeled sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + biotinyl-D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + biotinyl-D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate
the activity of longrSK1 towards dihydrosphingosine is about 3.6fold higher than that of rSK1
-
-
?
ATP + DELTA4-unsaturated long chain sphingosine
ADP + DELTA4-unsaturated long chain sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
high activity
-
-
ir
ATP + DL-erythro-dihydrosphingosine
ADP + DL-erythro-dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + fluorescein-labeled sphingosine
ADP + fluorescein-labeled sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-(-)-threo-sphinganine
ADP + L-(-)-threo-sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + N-[7-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)]-6-aminocaproyl-D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + N-[7-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole)]-6-aminocaproyl-D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine-fluorescin
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + (2R)-2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + (2R)-2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
approximately 20% the activity of sphingosine at isoformSPHK2
product is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor prodrug
-
?
ATP + (2R)-2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + (2R)-2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
-
product is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor prodrug
-
?
ATP + 2-amino-2-[4-(4-octylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + 2-amino-2-[4-(4-octylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
good substrate of isoform SPHK2
product is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor prodrug
-
?
ATP + 2-amino-2-[4-(4-octylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + 2-amino-2-[4-(4-octylphenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
-
product is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor prodrug
-
?
ATP + 2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + 2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
moderate activity at isoform SPHK2, it is the only alcohol in the series to have significant activity at isoform SPHK1
product is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor prodrug
-
?
ATP + 2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]propan-1-ol
ADP + 2-amino-2-[5-(4-octylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]propyl dihydrogen phosphate
-
-
product is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor prodrug
-
?
ATP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine
ADP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine
ADP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine
ADP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine
ADP + D-(+)-erythro-sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
nucleotide binding in the cleft between the N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
major substrate of isozyme SPHK1, also active with isozyme SPHK2
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + D-erythro-sphingosine
ADP + D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + dihydrosphingosine
ADP + dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + dihydrosphingosine
ADP + dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate
C14 and C16 dihydrosphingosine substrates
-
-
?
ATP + DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine
ADP + DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine
ADP + DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
isozyme SPHK2, no activity with isozyme SPHK1
-
-
?
ATP + FTY720
ADP + FTY720 1-phosphate
immunomodulatory drug, high activity with isozyme SPHK2, 7fold lower activity with isozyme SPHK1
-
-
?
ATP + FTY720
ADP + FTY720 1-phosphate
-
FTY720 is stereoselectively phosphorylated to the active principle (S)-FTY720-phosphate which binds to four of the five known sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. The introduction of a second stereocenter in the amino alcohol head group of FTY720-like compounds has a strong effect on the phosphorylation efficiency and selectivity by SPHKs and on transiently decreasing peripheral lymphocyte counts in vivo
-
-
?
ATP + FTY720
ADP + FTY720 1-phosphate
immunomodulatory drug, high activity with isozyme SPHK2, lower activity with isozyme SPHK1
-
-
?
ATP + phytosphingosine
ADP + phytosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
phytosphingosine 1-phosphate is capable of regulating the turgor in guard cells/stomatal aperture via G-proteins
-
-
ir
ATP + phytosphingosine
ADP + phytosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
i.e. 4-hydroxysphinganine, moderate or low activity
-
-
ir
ATP + phytosphingosine
ADP + phytosphingosine 1-phosphate
-
isozyme SPHK2, no activity with isozyme SPHK1
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
i.e. dihydrosphingosine, moderate or low activity
-
-
ir
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
involved in signal transduction in the nucleus
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
the lipid phosphate acts as a pleiotropic agent in cell signalling pathways, acts often in concert with ceramide 1-phosphate, enzyme is involved in the sphingomyelid pathway, overview
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
2fold higher activity with isozyme SPHK1 compared to isozyme SPHK2
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
SK2 has a higher substrate affinity to sphinganine than to sphingosine
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
overview on cellular functions
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
involved in regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase I and 6(r)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
the lipid phosphate acts as a pleiotropic agent in cell signalling pathways, enzyme is involved in the sphingomyelid pathway, overview
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
D-erythro-sphinganine, sphingosine metabolism
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
calcium mobilization through antigen receptors utilizes enzyme
-
-
?
ATP + sphinganine
ADP + sphinganine 1-phosphate
-
overview on cellular functions
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is capable of regulating the turgor in guard cells/stomatal aperture via G-proteins
-
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
C14 and C16 sphingosine substrates
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a mediator in diverse biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, motility, and apoptosis
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
sphingosine is a modulator of membrane signal transduction systems and a regulatory element of cardiac and skeletal muscle physiology
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a intracellular messenger molecule and ann extracellular ligand for specific membrane receptors
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
short-living product S1P is a bioactive lipid mediator in diverse cellular processes, e.g. regulation of cell differentiation, motility, and apoptosis both extracellularly via S1P family receptors and intracellularly
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
involved in diverse biological functions
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
isozymes SPHK1 is about 100fold more active than isozyme SPHK2
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
ATP + sphingosine
ADP + sphingosine 1-phosphate
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is a potent bioactive sphingolipid, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
ir
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of cytosolic and membrane enzymes, 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenine is a poor substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sphingosine 1-phosphate is responsible for resistance to the anticancer drug cisplatin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
requirement for Sk2 in normal reproductive function, product S1P signaling promotes cell proliferation, survival, and migration, enzyme reduces cellular levels of sphingosine and ceramide, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
requirement for Sk2 in normal reproductive function, product S1P signaling promotes cell proliferation, survival, and migration, enzyme reduces cellular levels of sphingosine and ceramide, sphingolipid metabolism, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isozyme SPHK1 is involved in responses to macrophages, the enzyme is involved in mast cell signalling, in neutrophil priming, and in prostaglandin biosynthesis via arachidonic acid production, overview, sphinganine 1-phosphate acts as an extracellular mediator by binding to specific members of the EDG-family of G-protein coupled receptors, and intracellularly as a messenger
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sphingosine and sphingosine 1-phosphate activate phospholipase D in mouse myoblasts
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in many cellular processes, e.g. mast cell activation during inflammation, immunoactivation via intracellular Ca2+ and receptor activation and via neutrophil, macrophage, and monocyte activation, angiogenesis and control of cell adhesion molecule expression, anti-apoptosis, chemotaxis of leukocytes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
FYT720 is no substrate of isozymes SphK1 and SphK2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isozyme SK1 shows high activity compared to isozyme SK2, development and optimization of a high-sensitive assay method utilizing biotinyl sphingosine and streptavidin-coated membranes with recombinant isozymes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isozyme SK1 shows high activity compared to isozyme SK2, development and optimization of a high-sensitive assay method utilizing biotinyl sphingosine and streptavidin-coated membranes with recombinant isozymes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isozyme SK1 shows high activity compared to isozyme SK2, development and optimization of a high-sensitive assay method utilizing biotinyl sphingosine and streptavidin-coated membranes with recombinant isozymes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isozyme SK2 shows low activity compared to isozyme SK1, development and optimization of a high-sensitive assay method utilizing biotinyl-sphingosine and streptavidin-coated membranes with recombinant isozymes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isozyme SK2 shows low activity compared to isozyme SK1, development and optimization of a high-sensitive assay method utilizing biotinyl-sphingosine and streptavidin-coated membranes with recombinant isozymes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isozyme SK2 shows low activity compared to isozyme SK1, development and optimization of a high-sensitive assay method utilizing biotinyl-sphingosine and streptavidin-coated membranes with recombinant isozymes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with ceramide, the 2 isozymes interact with a number of proteins, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shows no activity towards DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine, dimethylsphingosine, C2-ceramide, dioleoylacylglycerol, or phosphatidylserine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shows no activity towards DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine, dimethylsphingosine, C2-ceramide, dioleoylacylglycerol, or phosphatidylserine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the majority of NK cells analyzed have very low sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase activity in comparison to sphingosine kinase activity, the majority of cells do not convert sphingosine 1-phosphate to any other detectable compound
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the majority of NK cells analyzed have very low sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase activity in comparison to sphingosine kinase activity, the majority of cells do not convert sphingosine 1-phosphate to any other detectable compound
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the majority of NK cells analyzed have very low sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase activity in comparison to sphingosine kinase activity, the majority of cells do not convert sphingosine 1-phosphate to any other detectable compound
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
use of an automated single-cell capillary electrophoresis system to characterize the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway in single primary human NK cells from peripheral blood, method development, overview. The automated single-cell CE system increases throughput 100fold compared to that attained by non-automated systems, permitting the analysis of sufficiently large sample sizes to identify statistically significant differences of sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway signaling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
use of an automated single-cell capillary electrophoresis system to characterize the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway in single primary human NK cells from peripheral blood, method development, overview. The automated single-cell CE system increases throughput 100fold compared to that attained by non-automated systems, permitting the analysis of sufficiently large sample sizes to identify statistically significant differences of sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway signaling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
use of an automated single-cell capillary electrophoresis system to characterize the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway in single primary human NK cells from peripheral blood, method development, overview. The automated single-cell CE system increases throughput 100fold compared to that attained by non-automated systems, permitting the analysis of sufficiently large sample sizes to identify statistically significant differences of sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway signaling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sphinganine 1-phosphate acts as an extracellular mediator by binding to specific members of the EDG-family of G-protein coupled receptors, and intracellularly as a messenger
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in many cellular processes, e.g. mast cell activation during inflammation, immunoactivation via intracellular Ca2+ and receptor activation, angiogenesis and control of cell adhesion molecule expression, anti-apoptosis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sphingosine kinase-mediated signalling plays a role in the innate and adaptive immune responses by altering migration of dendritic cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shows no activity towards DL-threo-dihydrosphingosine, dimethylsphingosine, C2-ceramide, dioleoylacylglycerol, or phosphatidylserine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
long-rSK1 is involved in cell signaling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no phosphorylation of with threo-dihydrosphingosine, N,N-dimethylsphingosine and N-acetyl-D-sphingosine
-
-
?
