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Information on EC 4.2.1.24 - porphobilinogen synthase

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EC Tree
     4 Lyases
         4.2 Carbon-oxygen lyases
             4.2.1 Hydro-lyases
                4.2.1.24 porphobilinogen synthase
IUBMB Comments
The enzyme catalyses the asymmetric condensation and cyclization of two 5-aminolevulinate molecules, which is the first common step in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrrole pigments such as porphyrin, chlorophyll, vitamin B12, siroheme, phycobilin, and cofactor F430. The enzyme is widespread, being essential in organisms that carry out respiration, photosynthesis, or methanogenesis. The enzymes from most organisms utilize metal ions (Zn2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+) as cofactors that reside at multiple sites, including the active site and allosteric sites. Enzymes from archaea, yeast, and metazoa (including human) contain Zn2+ at the active site. In humans, the enzyme is a primary target for the environmental toxin Pb. The enzymes from some organisms utilize a dynamic equilibrium between architecturally distinct multimeric assemblies as a means for allosteric regulation.
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Word Map
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, ala-d, pbgs, delta-ala-d, delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase, ala dehydratase, porphobilinogen synthase, ala synthetase, 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, delta-alad, more
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
2 5-aminolevulinate = porphobilinogen + 2 H2O
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