2.4.1.11: glycogen(starch) synthase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about glycogen(starch) synthase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.4.1.11
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2.4.1.11
-
kinase-3
-
phosphorylase
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insulin-stimulated
-
hepatocytes
-
alzheimer
-
3-kinase
-
clamp
-
mellitus
-
tau
-
hexokinase
-
neuroprotective
-
hyperglycemia
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6-phosphate
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lithium
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phosphatidylinositol
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glucose-6-phosphatase
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glycogenolysis
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amylose
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disposal
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hyperphosphorylation
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insulin-resistant
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insulin-mediated
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hyperinsulinemic
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irs-1
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waxy
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glycogenesis
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amylopectin
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licl
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adp-glucose
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niddm
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glucokinase
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soleus
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glucose-6-p
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non-insulin-dependent
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insulin-induced
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amp-dependent
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vastus
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euglycemic
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phosphatase-1
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gsk-3beta
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agpase
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debranching
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p-gsk-3
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medicine
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substrate-1
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2,6-bisphosphate
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euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic
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nonoxidative
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phosvitin
-
kinase-3beta
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nutrition
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lafora
- 2.4.1.11
- kinase-3
- phosphorylase
-
insulin-stimulated
- hepatocytes
- alzheimer
- 3-kinase
-
clamp
- mellitus
- tau
- hexokinase
-
neuroprotective
- hyperglycemia
- 6-phosphate
- lithium
- phosphatidylinositol
- glucose-6-phosphatase
-
glycogenolysis
- amylose
-
disposal
-
hyperphosphorylation
-
insulin-resistant
-
insulin-mediated
-
hyperinsulinemic
- irs-1
-
waxy
-
glycogenesis
- amylopectin
- licl
- adp-glucose
- niddm
- glucokinase
- soleus
-
glucose-6-p
-
non-insulin-dependent
-
insulin-induced
-
amp-dependent
-
vastus
-
euglycemic
- phosphatase-1
- gsk-3beta
- agpase
-
debranching
-
p-gsk-3
- medicine
- substrate-1
-
2,6-bisphosphate
-
euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic
-
nonoxidative
- phosvitin
- kinase-3beta
- nutrition
- lafora
Reaction
Synonyms
Cg-GYS, GBSS, GBSSI, glucosyltransferase, uridine diphosphoglucose-glycogen, glycogen synthase, glycogen synthase 2, glycogen synthase-2, glycogen synthetase (starch), granule bound starch synthase, granule-bound starch synthase, GS-I, GSN, GSY2p, Gys-2, GYS1, GYS2, Gys2p, starch synthase I, starch/glycogen synthase, TVAG_258220, UDP-glucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase, UDP-glycogen synthase, UDPG-glycogen synthetase, UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase, uridine diphosphoglucose-glycogen glucosyltransferase
ECTree
2.4.1.11 glycogen(starch) synthaseAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 2.4.1.11 - glycogen(starch) synthase
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ADP-alpha-D-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
ADP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
dTDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
dTDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
-
-
-
?
GDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
GDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-alpha-D-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n-[glycogenin]
UDP + [(1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1 + glycogenin
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + amylopectin
UDP + amylose + ?
enzyme polymerizes glucose residues to the outer chains of amylopectin. These chains subsequently are cleaved off amylopectin to generate mature amylose
-
-
?
ADP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
ADP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
Cyanophora paradoxa synthesizes amylose with a granule-bound starch synthase displaying a preference for UDP-glucose
-
-
?
ADP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
ADP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
the enzyme can use ADP-glucose or UDP-glucose as donor substrate
-
-
?
ADP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
ADP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
-
-
-
?
ADP-glucose + glycogen
ADP + ?
-
-
with granule-bound starch synthase, ADP-glucose is used at less than 2% of the activity with UDP-glucose
-
?
UDP-alpha-D-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
the enzyme prefers UDP-alpha-D-glucose over ADP-alpha-D-glucose
-
-
?
UDP-alpha-D-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
Cyanophora paradoxa synthesizes amylose with a granule-bound starch synthase displaying a preference for UDP-glucose
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
the enzyme can use ADP-glucose or UDP-glucose as donor substrate
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n
UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n+1
-
conjugated bile acids regulate hepatocyte glycogen synthase activity in vitro and in vivo via Galphai signaling
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
glycogen + UDP
-
greater affinity to low molecular mass glycoproteins
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
glycogen + UDP
-
important role in initial stages of glycogen biogenesis
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
glycogen + UDP
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transfers glucose to glycogen as well as to its phosphorylase limit dextrin, but not to its beta-amylase dextrin, glucose, maltose and maltotriose are not acceptors
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
glycogen + UDP
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
glycogen + UDP
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
glycogen + UDP
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
UDP + ?
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UDP-glucose is preferred substrate for granule-bound starch synthase and low and high mobility isoforms of starch synthase
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
UDP + glycogen
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glucose starvation results in UDP-glucose deficiency and inactivation of glycogen synthase
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + glycogen
UDP + glycogen
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increased insulin receptor signaling and glycogen synthase activity contribute to the synergistic effect of exercise on insulin action
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
glycogen synthase reacts with its glucosyl donor substrate, uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose to produce the scission of the covalent bond between the terminal phosphate oxygen of UDP and the sugar ring. UDP presence in the active site of the enzyme of a glucose-like derivative that lacks the exocyclic oxygen attached to the anomeric carbon
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-glucose + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
[beta-32P]-UDP-glucose + glycogen
[beta-32P]-glycogen + UDP
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
a point mutation in the UDP-glucose diphosphorylase gene results in decreases of UDP-glucose. Chronically low UDP-glucose levels in cells result in inactivation of glycogen synthase, owing to loss of the ability of glycogen synthase to bind UDP-glucose - non-substrate-dependent control of glycogen synthase
-
-
?
additional information
?
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enzyme is able to use both ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose but displays a sixfold higher Vmax with UDP-glucose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is able to use both ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose but displays a sixfold higher Vmax with UDP-glucose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
one mechanism by which peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist treatment improves whole body insulin sensitivity is by increasing skeletal muscle GS total activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
one mechanism by which peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist treatment improves whole body insulin sensitivity is by increasing skeletal muscle GS total activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
O-GlcNAc has a role in the regulation of glycogen synthase both in normoglycemia and diabetes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
glycogen synthase 2 is a novel target gene of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
key enzyme in regulation of glycogen synthesis, controlled by multisite phosphorylation, phosphorylation of Ser640 by DYRK family protein kinases causes strong inactivation of glycogen synthase, functionally important site 3a in glycogen synthase by protein kinases from the DYRK family may be involved in a mechanism for the regulation of glycogen synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is not able to transfer glucose from UDP-glucose to glucose itself
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is not able to transfer glucose from UDP-glucose to glucose itself
-
-
-
