2.1.3.2: aspartate carbamoyltransferase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about aspartate carbamoyltransferase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.1.3.2
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2.1.3.2
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pyrimidine
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dihydroorotase
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ctp
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n-phosphonacetyl-l-aspartate
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trimer
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homotropic
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bisubstrate
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heterotropic
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holoenzyme
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succinate
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orotate
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uridine
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ornithine
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hamster
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uracil
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r-states
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cpsase
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phosphoribosyltransferase
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glutamine-dependent
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carbamylphosphate
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dhoase
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cytidine
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orotidine
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lipscomb
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intersubunit
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changeux
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pyre
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otcase
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syrian
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acivicin
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high-activity
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wheat-germ
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cistron
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unligated
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monod
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trifunctional
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interchain
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dodecameric
- 2.1.3.2
- pyrimidine
- dihydroorotase
- ctp
- n-phosphonacetyl-l-aspartate
- trimer
-
homotropic
-
bisubstrate
-
heterotropic
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holoenzyme
- succinate
- orotate
- uridine
- ornithine
- hamster
- uracil
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r-states
- cpsase
- phosphoribosyltransferase
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glutamine-dependent
- carbamylphosphate
- dhoase
- cytidine
- orotidine
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lipscomb
-
intersubunit
-
changeux
-
pyre
- otcase
-
syrian
- acivicin
-
high-activity
-
wheat-germ
-
cistron
-
unligated
-
monod
-
trifunctional
-
interchain
-
dodecameric
Reaction
Synonyms
(S)-2-methyl-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA:pyruvate carboxyltransferase, ACT, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, aspartate carbamyltransferase, aspartate trans carbamoylase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, aspartate transcarbamylase, aspartic acid transcarbamoylase, aspartic carbamyltransferase, aspartic transcarbamylase, ATC, ATC domain of CAD, ATCase, CAD, carbamoylaspartotranskinase, carbamoyltransferase, aspartate, carbamylaspartotranskinase, L-aspartate transcarbamoylase, L-aspartate transcarbamylase, MJ1581, PYRB
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2.1.3.2 aspartate carbamoyltransferaseAdvanced search results
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results (Inhibitors
Inhibitors on EC 2.1.3.2 - aspartate carbamoyltransferase
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INHIBITOR 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(2S)-2-(([hydroxy(hydroxymethyl)phosphoryl]acetyl)amino)butanedioic acid
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competitive
(2S)-2-(([hydroxy(oxido)-lambda5-phosphanyl]acetyl)amino)butanedioic acid
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competitive
2-(4-hydroxy-2,4-dioxo-4lamdba5-[1,4]azaphosphinan-1-yl)-succinic acid
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competitive
2-phenyl-1,3-4(H)benzothiazin-4-thione
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noncompetitive inhibitor towards both aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate
4-(3-methyl-2,4,6-trioxo-2,3,4,5,6,11-hexahydro-1H-indeno[2',1':5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl 2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)propanoate
5-([6-[(2E)-2-([2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene)hydrazinyl][1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl]amino)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one
4-(3-methyl-2,4,6-trioxo-2,3,4,5,6,11-hexahydro-1H-indeno[2',1':5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl 2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)propanoate
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4-(3-methyl-2,4,6-trioxo-2,3,4,5,6,11-hexahydro-1H-indeno[2',1':5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl 2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)propanoate
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5-([6-[(2E)-2-([2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene)hydrazinyl][1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl]amino)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one
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5-([6-[(2E)-2-([2-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methylidene)hydrazinyl][1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl]amino)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one
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ATP
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dual regulatory pattern, activating the enzyme at low concentrations and inhibiting it in the mM range
ATP
inhibitory effect on the catalytic subunits encoded by the sole pyrB gene. The complete ATCase purified from recombinant Escherichia coli is strongly activated
carbamoyl aspartate
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noncompetitive vs. carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate
CTP
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CTP inhibits ATCase activity. Experimentally driven, statistical modeling approach (high-dimensional model representation, RS-HDMR) to investigate regulation of ATCase in response to varying concentrations of its nucleotide regulators ATP, CTP, GTP, and UTP (at fixed substrate concentrations)
CTP
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addition of CTP or the combination of CTP/UTP to the substrates significantly decreases the rate of the low activity-high activity T-R transition and causes a shift in the enzymepopulation towards the T state even at saturating substrate concentrations
CTP
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ATCase is feedback inhibited by CTP and synergistically by the combination of CTP plus UTP
CTP
aspartate transcarbamoylase is feedback inhibited by CTP in the presence of CTP. CTP and UTP do not bind competitively, CTP binding structure, overview
CTP
demetaled CTP, synergistic inhibition with UTP, while UTP alone has little or no influence on the enzyme activity, mechanism, overview. Binding of UTP can enhance the binding of CTP and presence of a metal ion such as Mg2+ is required for synergistic inhibition. Structure of the ATCase-CTP-UTP-Mg2+ complex
CTP
inhibitory effect on the catalytic subunits encoded by the sole pyrB gene. The complete ATCase purified from recombinant Escherichia coli is strongly activated
GTP
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GTP inhibits ATCase activity. Experimentally driven, statistical modeling approach (high-dimensional model representation, RS-HDMR) to investigate regulation of ATCase in response to varying concentrations of its nucleotide regulators ATP, CTP, GTP, and UTP (at fixed substrate concentrations)
GTP
inhibitory effect on the catalytic subunits encoded by the sole pyrB gene. The complete ATCase purified from recombinant Escherichia coli is strongly activated
N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate
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treatment of seedling with 1 mM, results in delayed germination, inhibition of cotyledon expansion, leaf development and root growth. 2fold increase in enzyme activity and protein level
N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate
there is no preferential partitioning of carbamoyl phosphate between the arginine and pyrimidine biosynthetic pathways. Channeling must occur during the dynamic association of coupled enzymes pairs. The interaction of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase/aspartate transcarbamoylase is demonstrated by the unexpectedly weak inhibition of the coupled reaction by the bisubstrate analog, N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate
N-(Phosphonoacetyl)-L-aspartate
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0.011 mM, 50% inhibition, low concentrations activate
N-(Phosphonoacetyl)-L-aspartate
0.002 mM, 50% inhibition of catalytic subunit
N-(Phosphonoacetyl)-L-aspartate
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competitive vs. carbamoyl phosphate, noncompetitive vs. aspartate
N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate
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binding of the bisubstrate analogue N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate to the aspartate transcarbamoylase subunit inhibits the activity of the distal dihydroorotase subunit
N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate
a bisubstrate/transition state analogue, binding structure, in silico docking and electrostatic calculations, overview
N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate
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PALA, a bisubstrate transition state analogue, and shows also ability of PALA to enhance the activity of ATCase at low concentrations of aspartate, in the presence of a saturating concentration of carbamoyl phosphat. Interactions between the side chain of Gln137 and the backbone carbonyl oxygen of Pro266 to the amino group on the tetrahedral carbon and the side chain of Arg54 with the ester oxygen between the phosphorus and the tetrahedral carbone
N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate
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i.e. PALA, a bisubstrate analogue, the binding of PALA is able to stabilize the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state because its structure mimics the reaction's transition state structure. The concerted transition to the R state allows a majority of active sites free to react with substrates and release products while a minority of active sites bound with PALA are inactive but stabilize the enzyme in the R state. Therefore, at low concentrations of PALA the activity increases; however, as the concentration of PALA is increased more and more of the active sites are filled by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog and the activity drops. At high concentrations of Asp and a saturating concentration of carbamoyl phosphate, no PALA activation is observed. In the absence of allosteric effectors the average KD of PALA is 110 nM, decreasing to 65 nM in the presence of ATP and increasing to 266 nM in the presence of CTP
N-phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartate
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after addition of N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate to the enzyme, the transition rate is more than 1 order of magnitude slower than with the natural substrates
phosphate
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competitive vs. carbamoyl phosphate, noncompetitive vs. aspartate
succinate
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activator at low concentrations of both succinate and aspartate, inhibitor at high succinate concentrations and at high aspartate concentrations
UMP
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0.1 mM, 25% inhibition, inhibition increases to 80% and 90% in the presence of 0.2 mM and 0.6 mM deoxycholate respectively
UMP
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fatty acids with chains of C8 or longer, dodecylsulfate and decylsulfonate potentiate inhibition
UTP
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synergistic inhibition by CTP and UTP, no inhibition unless CTP is present
UTP
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UTP inhibits ATCase activity. Experimentally driven, statistical modeling approach (high-dimensional model representation, RS-HDMR) to investigate regulation of ATCase in response to varying concentrations of its nucleotide regulators ATP, CTP, GTP, and UTP (at fixed substrate concentrations)
UTP
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addition of CTP or the combination of CTP/UTP to the substrates significantly decreases the rate of the low activity-high activity T-R transition and causes a shift in the enzymepopulation towards the T state even at saturating substrate concentrations
UTP
aspartate transcarbamoylase is feedback inhibited by UTP in the presence of CTP. UTP binds to a unique site on each regulatory chain of the enzyme that is near but not overlapping with the known CTP site. CTP and UTP do not bind competitively, UTP binds to the r6 regulatory chain of ATCase, UTP binding structure, overview
UTP
inhibition with CTP, while UTP alone has little or no influence on the enzyme activity, mechanism, overview. UTP, in the presence of dCTP or CTP, binds at a site on a regulatory side chain that does not overlap the CTP/dCTP site, and the triphosphates of the two nucleotides are parallel to each other with a metal ion, in this case Mg2+, coordinated between the beta- and gamma-phosphates of the two nucleotides. UTP binds more tightly in the presence of CTP. Structure of the ATCase-CTP-UTP-Mg2+ complex
UTP
UTP is able to synergistically inhibit ATCase in the presence of CTP, but UTP alone has little or no influence on activity
UTP
inhibitory effect on the catalytic subunits encoded by the sole pyrB gene. The complete ATCase purified from recombinant Escherichia coli is strongly activated
additional information
conformational changes due to nucleotide binding, overview
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additional information
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conformational changes due to nucleotide binding, overview
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additional information
CTP and dCTP bind in a very similar fashion, UTP, in the presence of dCTP or CTP, binds at a site that does not overlap the CTP/dCTP site, and the triphosphates of the two nucleotides are parallel to each other with a metal ion, in this case Mg2+, coordinated between the beta- and gamma-phosphates of the two nucleotides, synergistic Inhibition of ATCase by CTP and UTP is metal-dependent, Mg2+ and Mn2+ act best, binding structures, overview
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additional information
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CTP and dCTP bind in a very similar fashion, UTP, in the presence of dCTP or CTP, binds at a site that does not overlap the CTP/dCTP site, and the triphosphates of the two nucleotides are parallel to each other with a metal ion, in this case Mg2+, coordinated between the beta- and gamma-phosphates of the two nucleotides, synergistic Inhibition of ATCase by CTP and UTP is metal-dependent, Mg2+ and Mn2+ act best, binding structures, overview
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additional information
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50% inhibition at 80 MPa; not inhibited by phosphonoacetate, diphosphate or phosphate
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additional information
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kinetic analysis of properties of allosteric effectors alone and in combination with each other
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