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EC 2.7.7.63 Details

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EC number

2.7.7.63

Accepted name

lipoate—protein ligase

Reaction

(1) ATP + lipoate = diphosphate + lipoyl-AMP;;(2) lipoyl-AMP + apoprotein = protein N⁶-(lipoyl)lysine + AMP

Other name(s)

LplA, lipoate protein ligase, lipoate-protein ligase A, LPL, LPL-B

Systematic name

ATP:lipoate adenylyltransferase

CAS registry number

144114-18-1

Comment

Requires Mg²⁺. Both 6S- and 6R-lipoates can act as substrates but there is a preference for the naturally occurring R-form. Selenolipoate, i.e. 5-(1,2-diselenolan-3-yl)pentanoic acid, and 6-sulfanyloctanoate can also act as substrates, but more slowly [2]. This enzyme is responsible for lipoylation in the presence of exogenous lipoic acid [7]. Lipoylation is essential for the function of several key enzymes involved in oxidative metabolism, including pyruvate dehydrogenase (E₂ domain), 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E₂ domain), the branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases and the glycine cleavage system (H protein) [6]. This enzyme attaches lipoic acid to the lipoyl domains of these proteins, converting apoproteins into holoproteins. It is likely that an alternative pathway, involving EC 2.3.1.181, lipoyl(octanoyl) transferase and EC 2.8.1.8, lipoyl synthase, is the normal route for lipoylation [7].

History

created 2006, deleted 2016

EC Tree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

1.4 Acting on the CH-NH₂ group of donors

1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors

1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH

1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors

1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors

1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors

1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor

1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor

1.12.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.12.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.12.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.12.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.12.7.1 created 1972, deleted 1978

1.12.7.2 ferredoxin hydrogenase

1.12.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.12.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)

1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor

1.16 Oxidizing metal ions

1.16.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.16.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.16.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.16.8 With a flavin as acceptor

1.16.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.16.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.16.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors

1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y

1.21.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.21.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.21.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.21.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.21.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.22 Acting on halogen in donors

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.97 Other oxidoreductases

1.98 Enzymes using H₂ as reductant (deleted subclass)

1.99 Other enzymes using O₂ as oxidant (deleted subclass)

2.1 Transferring one-carbon groups

2.2 Transferring aldehyde or ketonic groups

2.3 Acyltransferases

2.4 Glycosyltransferases

2.5 Transferring alkyl or aryl groups, other than methyl groups

2.6 Transferring nitrogenous groups

2.7 Transferring phosphorus-containing groups

2.7.1 Phosphotransferases with an alcohol group as acceptor

2.7.2 Phosphotransferases with a carboxy group as acceptor

2.7.3 Phosphotransferases with a nitrogenous group as acceptor

2.7.4 Phosphotransferases with a phosphate group as acceptor

2.7.5 Phosphotransferases with regeneration of donors, apparently catalysing intramolecular transfers (deleted sub-subclass)

2.7.6 Diphosphotransferases

2.7.7 Nucleotidyltransferases

2.7.7.1 nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.2 FAD synthase

2.7.7.3 pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.4 sulfate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.5 sulfate adenylyltransferase (ADP)

2.7.7.6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase

2.7.7.7 DNA-directed DNA polymerase

2.7.7.8 polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.9 UTP—glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.10 UTP—hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.11 UTP—xylose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.12 UDP-glucose—hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.13 mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.14 ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.15 choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.16 created 1961, deleted 1972, [transferred to EC 3.1.4.22, deleted 1980]

2.7.7.17 created 1965, deleted 1972, [transferred to EC 3.1.4.23, deleted 1980]

2.7.7.18 nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.19 polynucleotide adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.20 created 1965, deleted 1972

2.7.7.21 tRNA cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.22 mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (GDP)

2.7.7.23 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine diphosphorylase

2.7.7.24 glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase

2.7.7.25 tRNA adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.26 created 1961 as EC 3.1.4.8, transferred 1965 to EC 2.7.7.26, deleted 1972

2.7.7.27 glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.28 nucleoside-triphosphate-aldose-1-phosphate nucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.29 created 1972, deleted 2004

2.7.7.30 fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.31 DNA nucleotidylexotransferase

2.7.7.32 galactose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase

2.7.7.33 glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.34 glucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.35 ADP ribose phosphorylase

2.7.7.36 aldose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.37 aldose-1-phosphate nucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.38 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.39 glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.40 D-ribitol-5-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.41 phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.42 [glutamine synthetase] adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.43 N-acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.44 glucuronate-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.45 guanosine-triphosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.46 gentamicin 2′′-nucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.47 streptomycin 3′′-adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.48 RNA-directed RNA polymerase

2.7.7.49 RNA-directed DNA polymerase

2.7.7.50 mRNA guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.51 adenylylsulfate—ammonia adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.52 RNA uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.53 ATP adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.54 phenylalanine adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.55 anthranilate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.56 tRNA nucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.57 N-methylphosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.58 (2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)adenylate synthase

2.7.7.59 [protein-PII] uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.60 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.61 citrate lyase holo-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase

2.7.7.62 adenosylcobinamide-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.63 lipoate—protein ligase

2.7.7.64 UTP-monosaccharide-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.65 diguanylate cyclase

2.7.7.66 malonate decarboxylase holo-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase

2.7.7.67 CDP-2,3-bis-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol synthase

2.7.7.68 2-phospho-L-lactate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.69 GDP-L-galactose/GDP-D-glucose: hexose 1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.70 D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.71 D-glycero-α-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.72 CCA tRNA nucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.73 sulfur carrier protein ThiS adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.74 1L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.75 molybdopterin adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.76 molybdenum cofactor cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.77 molybdenum cofactor guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.78 GDP-D-glucose phosphorylase

2.7.7.79 tRNA^His guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.80 molybdopterin-synthase adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.81 pseudaminic acid cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.82 CMP-N,N′-diacetyllegionaminic acid synthase

2.7.7.83 UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine diphosphorylase

2.7.7.84 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthase

2.7.7.85 diadenylate cyclase

2.7.7.86 cyclic GMP-AMP synthase

2.7.7.87 L-threonylcarbamoyladenylate synthase

2.7.7.88 GDP polyribonucleotidyltransferase

2.7.7.89 [glutamine synthetase]-adenylyl-L-tyrosine phosphorylase

2.7.7.90 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.91 valienol-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.92 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonulopyranosonate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.93 phosphonoformate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.94 4-hydroxyphenylalkanoate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.95 mycocerosic acid adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.96 ADP-D-ribose pyrophosphorylase

2.7.7.97 3-hydroxy-4-methylanthranilate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.98 4-hydroxybenzoate adenylyltransferase

2.7.7.99 N-acetyl-α-D-muramate 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase

2.7.7.100 SAMP-activating enzyme

2.7.7.101 DNA primase DnaG

2.7.7.102 DNA primase AEP

2.7.7.103 L-glutamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.104 2-hydroxyethylphosphonate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.105 phosphoenolpyruvate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.106 3-phospho-D-glycerate guanylyltransferase

2.7.7.107 (2-aminoethyl)phosphonate cytidylyltransferase

2.7.7.108 protein adenylyltransferase

2.7.8 Transferases for other substituted phosphate groups

2.7.9 Phosphotransferases with paired acceptors

2.7.10 Protein-tyrosine kinases

2.7.11 Protein-serine/threonine kinases

2.7.12 Dual-specificity kinases (those acting on Ser/Thr and Tyr residues)

2.7.13 Protein-histidine kinases

2.7.14 Protein-arginine kinases

2.7.99 Other protein kinases

2.8 Transferring sulfur-containing groups

2.9 Transferring selenium-containing groups

2.10 Transferring molybdenum- or tungsten-containing groups

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)