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EC 6.3.4.2 Details
EC number
6.3.4.2
Accepted name
CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolysing)
Reaction
ATP + UTP + L-glutamine = ADP + phosphate + CTP + L-glutamate (overall reaction);;(1a) L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + NH3;;(1b) ATP + UTP + NH3 = ADP + phosphate + CTP
Other name(s)
UTP—ammonia ligase, cytidine triphosphate synthetase, uridine triphosphate aminase, cytidine 5′-triphosphate synthetase, CTPS (gene name), pyrG (gene name), CTP synthase, UTP:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)
Systematic name
UTP:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)
CAS registry number
9023-56-7
Comment
The enzyme contains three functionally distinct sites: an allosteric GTP-binding site, a glutaminase site where glutamine hydrolysis occurs (cf. EC 3.5.1.2, glutaminase), and the active site where CTP synthesis takes place. The reaction proceeds via phosphorylation of UTP by ATP to give an activated intermediate 4-phosphoryl UTP and ADP [4,5]. Ammonia then reacts with this intermediate generating CTP and a phosphate. The enzyme can also use ammonia from the surrounding solution [3,6].
History
created 1961, modified 2013
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EC Tree
1 Oxidoreductases
1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors
1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
1.2.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
1.2.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor
1.2.3 With oxygen as acceptor
1.2.4 With a disulfide as acceptor
1.2.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor
1.2.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor
1.2.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors
1.2.99 With unknown physiological acceptors
1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors
1.4 Acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors
1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH
1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors
1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors
1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors
1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors
1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor
1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor
1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)
1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor
1.16 Oxidizing metal ions
1.17 Acting on CH or CH2 groups
1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors
1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor
1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors
1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y
1.21.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
1.21.3 With oxygen as acceptor
1.21.4 With a disulfide as acceptor
1.21.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors
1.21.99 With unknown physiological acceptors
1.22 Acting on halogen in donors
1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor
1.97 Other oxidoreductases
1.98 Enzymes using H2 as reductant (deleted subclass)
1.98.1. undefined
1.99 Other enzymes using O2 as oxidant (deleted subclass)
2 Transferases
3 Hydrolases
4 Lyases
5 Isomerases
6 Ligases
6.1 Forming carbon-oxygen bonds
6.2 Forming carbon-sulfur bonds
6.3 Forming carbon-nitrogen bonds
6.3.1 Acid—ammonia (or amine) ligases (amide synthases)
6.3.2 Acid—amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases)
6.3.3 Cyclo-ligases
6.3.4 Other carbon-nitrogen ligases
6.3.4.1 GMP synthase
6.3.4.2 CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolysing)
6.3.4.3 formate—tetrahydrofolate ligase
6.3.4.4 adenylosuccinate synthase
6.3.4.5 argininosuccinate synthase
6.3.4.6 urea carboxylase
6.3.4.7 ribose-5-phosphate—ammonia ligase
6.3.4.8 imidazoleacetate—phosphoribosyldiphosphate ligase
6.3.4.9 biotin—[methylmalonyl-CoA-carboxytransferase] ligase
6.3.4.10 biotin—[propionyl-CoA-carboxylase (ATP-hydrolysing)] ligase
6.3.4.11 biotin—[methylcrotonoyl-CoA-carboxylase] ligase
6.3.4.12 glutamate—methylamine ligase
6.3.4.13 phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase
6.3.4.14 biotin carboxylase
6.3.4.15 biotin—[biotin carboxyl-carrier protein] ligase
6.3.4.16 carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia)
6.3.4.17 formate—dihydrofolate ligase
6.3.4.18 5-(carboxyamino)imidazole ribonucleotide synthase
6.3.4.19 tRNAIle-lysidine synthase
6.3.4.20 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine synthase
6.3.4.21 nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase
6.3.4.22 tRNAIle2-agmatinylcytidine synthase
6.3.4.23 formate—phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide ligase
6.3.4.24 tyramine—L-glutamate ligase
6.3.4.25 2-amino-2′-deoxyadenylo-succinate synthase
6.3.5 Carbon-nitrogen ligases with glutamine as amido-N-donor
6.4 Forming carbon-carbon bonds
6.5 Forming phosphoric-ester bonds
6.6 Forming nitrogen—metal bonds
6.7 Forming nitrogen-nitrogen bonds
7 Translocases