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2-isopropyl-4-(methylaminomethyl)thiazole + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + 2-isopropyl-4-(aminomethyl)thiazole + H2O2
4-(ethylaminomethyl)pyridine + O2 + H2O
acetaldehyde + 4-(aminomethyl) pyridine + H2O2
L-proline + O2 + H2O
?
-
less than 1% the rate of sarcosine
-
-
r
L-proline + O2 + H2O
? + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-ethylglycine + O2 + H2O
acetaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-D-proline + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + D-proline + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
N-methyl-DL-valine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-valine + H2O2
N-methyl-L-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-alanine + H2O2
N-methyl-L-aspartate + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-aspartate + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
N-methyl-L-phenylalanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-phenylalanine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-tryptophan + H2O2
sarcosine + 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
sarcosine + H2O + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
glycine + formaldehyde + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
r
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
sarcosine + H2O + phenazine methosulfate
glycine + formaldehyde + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
r
sarcosine + H2O + potassium ferricyanide
glycine + formaldehyde + potassium ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
r
sarcosine + H2O2 + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
additional information
?
-
2-isopropyl-4-(methylaminomethyl)thiazole + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + 2-isopropyl-4-(aminomethyl)thiazole + H2O2
-
-
-
?
2-isopropyl-4-(methylaminomethyl)thiazole + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + 2-isopropyl-4-(aminomethyl)thiazole + H2O2
-
-
-
?
4-(ethylaminomethyl)pyridine + O2 + H2O
acetaldehyde + 4-(aminomethyl) pyridine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
4-(ethylaminomethyl)pyridine + O2 + H2O
acetaldehyde + 4-(aminomethyl) pyridine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-valine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-valine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-valine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-valine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-valine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-valine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-DL-valine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + DL-valine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
r
N-methyl-L-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-alanine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-alanine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-leucine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-leucine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-tryptophan + H2O2
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + L-tryptophan + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
involved in creatinine catabolism
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
involved in creatinine catabolism
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
involved in creatinine catabolism
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
sarcosine degradation when sarcosine is sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
involved in glyphosate catabolism
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
involved in creatinine catabolism
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
?
-
involved in creatinine catabolism
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
the simulation method of Markovian milestoning molecular dynamics simulations is used to compute the entry and exit kinetics of O2 in the enzyme. The rate of flavin oxidation by O2 is likely not strongly limited by diffusion from the solvent to the active site. The predicted faster entry and slower exit of O2 for the bound state indicate a longer residence time within the enzyme, increasing the likelihood of collisions with the flavin isoalloxazine ring, a step required for reduction of molecular O2 and subsequent reoxidation of the flavin
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
molecular dynamics investigation by random acceleration molecular dynamics simulations with an ensemble made of the bacterial monomeric sarcosine oxidase (2GF3), O2, and the inhibitor furoic acid to mimic sarcosine. The ensemble is solvated by in a periodic box, while an external tiny force acts randomly to expel O2 from the center of activation, located between residue K265 and the si face of the flavin ring of the flavin adenine dinucleotide cofactor, moving it toward the solvent
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + H2O + O2
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
sarcosine + O2 + H2O
glycine + formaldehyde + H2O2
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
betaine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
dimethylglycine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
not: beta-alanine, N-methylalanine, 1,3-dimethylurea, 1-methylguanidine, methoxyacetate, creatine, creatinine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
also oxidizes other amino acids containing a secondary amino group e.g. L-proline, and N-methyl-L-alanine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
not: beta-alanine, N-methylalanine, 1,3-dimethylurea, 1-methylguanidine, methoxyacetate, creatine, creatinine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
flavin and cytochromes of the c and b or o type function as electron carriers
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
very specific for oxygen as acceptor, oxygen can be replaced by 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, phenazine methosulfate, ferricyanide, much smaller Vmax/Km values than for O2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase is a flavoprotein that catalyses the oxidative demethylation of sarcosine to generate glycine, hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde or 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, depending on the availability of tetrahydrofolate. The amine proton of sarcosine is transferred to the unprotonated Lys residue in the enzyme-substrate complex
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrate: choline,betaine, dimethylglycine and N-methyl amino acids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrate: choline,betaine, dimethylglycine and N-methyl amino acids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the alpha subunit shows sarcosine oxidase and L-proline dehydrogenase activity, while the beta subunit displays both sarcosine oxidase and L-proline dehydrogenase activity, but not NADH dehydrogenase activity, measurement of L-proline dehydrogenase activity with 2,6-dichloroindophenol as cofactor. Dye-linked NADH dehydrogenase activity is assayed with NADH, FAD and 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
-
?
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Inouye, Y.; Nishimura, M.; Matsuda, Y.; Hoshika, H.; Iwasaki, H.; Hujimura, K.; Asano, K.; Nakamura, S.
Purification and characterization of sarcosine oxidase of Streptomyces origin
Chem. Pharm. Bull.
35
4194-4202
1987
Streptomyces sp., Streptomyces sp. KB210-8SY
brenda
Ogushi, S.; Nagao, K.; Emi, S.; Ando, M.; Tsuru, D.
Sarcosine oxidase from Arthrobacter urefaciens: Purification and some properties
Chem. Pharm. Bull.
36
1445-1450
1988
Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens
-
brenda
Matsuda, Y.; Hoshika, H.; Inouye, Y.; Ikuta, S.; Matsuura, K.; Nakamura, S.
Purification and characterization of sarcosine oxidase of Bacillus origin
Chem. Pharm. Bull.
35
711-717
1987
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria), Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B-0618
brenda
Kim, J.M.; Shimizu, S.; Yamada, H.
Crystallization and characterization of sarcosine oxidase from Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. denitrificans
Agric. Biol. Chem.
51
1167-1168
1987
Achromobacter denitrificans
-
brenda
Kim, J.M.; Shimizu, S.; Yamada, H.
Sarcosine oxidase involved in creatinine degradation in Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. denitrificans J9 and Arthrobacter spp. J5 and J11
Agric. Biol. Chem.
50
2811-2816
1986
Achromobacter denitrificans, Arthrobacter sp., Arthrobacter sp. J5 J11
-
brenda
Schuman Jorns, M.
Properties and catalytic function of the two nonequivalent flavins in sarcosine oxidase
Biochemistry
24
3189-3194
1985
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Suzuki, M.
Purification and some properties of sarcosine oxidase from Corynebacterium sp. U-96
J. Biochem.
89
599-607
1981
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Hayashi, S.; Nakamura, S.; Suzuki, M.
Corynebacterium sarcosine oxidase: a unique enzyme having covalently-bound and noncovalently-bound flavins
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
96
924-930
1980
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Mori, N.; Sano, M.; Tani, Y.; Yamada, H.
Purification and properties of sarcosine oxidase from Cylindrocarpum didymum M-1
Agric. Biol. Chem.
44
1391-1397
1980
Cylindrocarpon didymum, Cylindrocarpon didymum M-1
-
brenda
Patek, D.R.; Dahl, C.R.; Frisell, W.R.
Isolation of acid-nonextractable flavins from a bacterial sarcosine oxidase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
46
885-891
1972
Pseudomonas sp.
brenda
Hayashi, S.
Mechanism of reduction of Corynebacterium sarcosine oxidase by dithiothreitol
J. Biochem.
95
1201-1207
1984
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Hayashi, S.; Suzuki, M.; Nakamura, S.
Chemical modification of Corynebacterium sarcosine oxidase: role of sulfhydryl and histidyl groups
J. Biochem.
94
551-558
1983
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Hayashi, S.; Suzuki, M.; Nakamura, S.
Steady-state kinetics and spectral properties of Corynebacterium sarcosine oxidase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
742
630-636
1983
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Kawamura-Konishi, Y.; Suzuki, H.
Kinetic studies on the reaction mechanism of sarcosine oxidase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
915
346-356
1987
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Frisell, W.R.
One-carbon metabolism in microorganisms. I. Oxidative demethylation in a sarcosine-utilizing bacterium
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
142
213-222
1971
Bacteria
brenda
Kvalnes-Krick, K.; Schuman Jorns, M.
Bacterial sarcosine oxidase: Comparison of two multisubunit enzymes containing both covalent and noncovalent flavin
Biochemistry
25
6061-6069
1986
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Shinabarger, D.L.; Braymer, H.D.
Glyphosate catabolism by Pseudomonas Sp. strain PG2982
J. Bacteriol.
168
702-707
1986
Pseudomonas sp.
brenda
Kvalnes-Krick, K.; Schuman Jorns, M.
Interaction of tetrahydrofolate and other folate derivates with bacterial sarcosine oxidase
Biochemistry
26
7391-7395
1987
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Wagner, M.A.; Khanna, P.; Jorns, M.S.
Structure of the flavocoenzyme of two homologous amine oxidases: monomeric sarcosine oxidase and N-methyltryptophan oxidase
Biochemistry
38
5588-5595
1999
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
brenda
Trickey, P.; Wagner, M.A.; Jorns, M.S.; Mathews, F.S.
Monomeric sarcosine oxidase: Structure of a covalently flavinylated amine oxidizing enzyme
Structure
7
331-345
1999
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
brenda
Ichikawa, T.; Sasaki, H.; Koike, H.; Nishiyama, M.; Koyama, Y.; Tanokura, M.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the sarcosine oxidase from Bacillus sp. NS-129
J. Struct. Biol.
120
109-111
1997
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
brenda
Chikayama, M.; Ohsumi, M.; Yokota, S.
Enzyme cytochemical localization of sarcosine oxidase activity in the liver and kidney of several mammals
Histochem. Cell Biol.
113
489-495
2000
Cricetulus griseus, Mus musculus
brenda
Nishiya, Y.
A mutant sarcosine oxidase in which activity depends on flavin adenine dinucleotide
Protein Expr. Purif.
20
95-97
2000
Arthrobacter sp.
brenda
Chlumsky, L.J.; Zhang, L.; Ramsey, A.J.; Jorns, M.S.
Preparation and properties of recombinant corynebacterial sarcosine oxidase: evidence for posttranslational modification during turnover with sarcosine
Biochemistry
32
11132-11142
1993
Corynebacterium sp.
brenda
Zhao, G.; Jorns, M.S.
Monomeric sarcosine oxidase: evidence for an ionizable group in the E.S complex
Biochemistry
41
9747-9750
2002
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
brenda
Zhao, G.; Song, H.; Chen, Z.W.; Mathews, F.S.; Jorns, M.S.
Monomeric sarcosine oxidase: role of histidine 269 in catalysis
Biochemistry
41
9751-9764
2002
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) (P40859)
brenda
Nishiya, Y.; Imanaka, T.
Analysis of interaction between the Arthrobacter sarcosine oxidase and the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide by site-directed mutagenesis
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
62
2405-2410
1996
Arthrobacter sp.
brenda
Nishiya, Y.; Zuihara, S.; Imanaka, T.
Active site analysis and stabilization of sarcosine oxidase by the substitution of cysteine residues
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
61
367-370
1995
Arthrobacter sp.
brenda
Harris, R.J.; Meskys, R.; Sutcliffe, M.J.; Scrutton, N.S.
Kinetic studies of the mechanism of carbon-hydrogen bond breakage by the heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase of Arthrobacter sp. 1-IN
Biochemistry
39
1189-1198
2000
Arthrobacter sp.
brenda
Zhao, G.; Qu, J.; Davis, F.A.; Jorns, M.S.
Inactivation of monomeric sarcosine oxidase by reaction with N-(cyclopropyl)glycine
Biochemistry
39
14341-14347
2000
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
brenda
Wagner, M.A.; Trickey, P.; Chen, Z.W.; Mathews, F.S.; Jorns, M.S.
Monomeric sarcosine oxidase: 1. Flavin reactivity and active site binding determinants
Biochemistry
39
8813-8824
2000
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) (P40859)
brenda
Wagner, M.A.; Jorns, M.S.
Monomeric sarcosine oxidase: 2. Kinetic studies with sarcosine, alternate substrates, and a substrate analogue
Biochemistry
39
8825-8829
2000
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
brenda
Eschenbrenner, M.; Chlumsky, L.J.; Khanna, P.; Strasser, F.; Jorns, M.S.
Organization of the multiple coenzymes and subunits and role of the covalent flavin link in the complex heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase
Biochemistry
40
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