1.8.4.12: peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.8.4.12
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1.8.4.12
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thioredoxins
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selenoproteins
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selenium
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msrbs
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neisseria
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metso
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trx
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sulfenic
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methionine-s-sulfoxide
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meningitidis
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thioredoxin-dependent
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selenoenzyme
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lincosamides
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synthesis
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biotechnology
- 1.8.4.12
- thioredoxins
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selenoproteins
- selenium
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msrbs
- neisseria
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metso
- trx
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sulfenic
- methionine-s-sulfoxide
- meningitidis
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thioredoxin-dependent
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selenoenzyme
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lincosamides
- synthesis
- biotechnology
Reaction
Synonyms
1-Cys methionine sulfoxide reductase B, 1-Cys MSRB, CBS-1, CBS1, cysteine-containing methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase, LOC100305558, LOC100798757, methionine sulfoxide reductase, methionine sulfoxide reductase B, methionine sulfoxide reductase B1, methionine sulfoxide reductase B2, methionine sulfoxide reductase B3, methionine sulfoxide reductase B8, methionine sulfoxide reductase MsrB3, methionine sulfoxide reductases B, methionine sulfoxide reductases B2, methionine sulphoxide reductase, methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase, methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B, methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B2, MetO reductase, More, MSR, MsrA, MsrA/B, MsrA/MsrB, msrAB, MsrABTk, MsrB, MSRB1, MsrB2, MsrB3, MsrB3A, MSRB4, MsrB5, MsrB7, MsrB8, MsrBA, Mxr2, NtMsrB2, OsMSRB5, PaMsrB1, peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase, peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase type B, PilB, PilB protein, PMSR, Sel-X, selenocysteine-containing methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase, selenoprotein R, SelR, sulindac reductase, TbmsrB, TCDM_06423, YeaA
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General Information on EC 1.8.4.12 - peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase
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GENERAL INFORMATION 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
drug target
evolution
phylogenetic analysis suggested that OsMSRB5 is a B-type MSR with similar structure to MSRBs of other species, and belongs to 2-Cys MSRB
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
drug target
MsrB1-dependent reduction of oxidized methionine in proteins may be a regulatory event underlying immunity and inflammatory disease, and a novel target for clinical applications
drug target
the enzyme (MsrB1) may be a therapeutic target with respect to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
malfunction
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the concomitant absence of both protein isoforms MSRB1 and MSRB2 results in a reduced growth for plants cultivated under high light or low temperature, double mutant lines restored for MSRB2 expression display no phenotype, the absence of plastidial MSRBs is associated with an increased chlorophyll a/b ratio, a reduced content of Lhca1 and Lhcb1 proteins, and an impaired photosynthetic performance
malfunction
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deficiency in MsrB enzyme reduces the level of Enterococcus faecalis virulence in a systemic and urinary tract infection model
malfunction
loss-of-function studies of MsrB2 using virus-induced gene silencing in pepper plants (cultivar Early Calwonder-30R) result in accelerated cell death from an incompatible bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv vesicatoria race 1, and enhanced susceptibility to a compatible bacterial pathogen, virulent Xanthomonas axonopodis pv vesicatoria race 3. Suppression of CaMsrB2 increased the production of reactive oxygen species, which in turn results in the acceleration of cell death via accumulation of reactive oxygen species
malfunction
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the msrB mutant MSDELTAmsrB exhibits significantly lower intracellular survival than its wild type counterpart and shows no sensitivity to oxidants in vitro. The msrA/B double mutant (MSDELTAmsrA/B) exhibits a phenotype similar to that of msrA mutant in terms of both intracellular survival and sensitivity to oxidants
malfunction
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cytosolic MsrB7 and MsrB8 knockdown lines are sensitive to oxidative stress
malfunction
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knockdown of MsrB3A in mammalian cells leads to a significant decrease in the resistance to thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, but had no effects on the resistance to either dithiothreitol- or tunicamycin-induced ER stress
malfunction
genetic ablation of MsrB1 doesd not preclude LPS-induced intracellular signaling in macrophages, but results in attenuated induction of antiinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-10 and the IL-1 receptor antagonist
malfunction
MsrB1 knockdown effectively inhibits tumor growth. MsrB1 knockdown reduces hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion in a transwell assay through inhibition of cytoskeletal rearrangement and spread
malfunction
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deficiency in MsrB enzyme reduces the level of Enterococcus faecalis virulence in a systemic and urinary tract infection model
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metabolism
epimastigotes overexpressing the enzyme (MSRB) exhibit inhibition of the metacyclogenesis process
metabolism
reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidize methionine to methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) and thereby inactivate proteins. Methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) enzyme converts MetSO back to the reduced form and thereby detoxifies the effect of ROS
metabolism
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epimastigotes overexpressing the enzyme (MSRB) exhibit inhibition of the metacyclogenesis process
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physiological function
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both single and double inactivation mutants are viable, but more sensitive to oxidative stress agents as hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, and ultraviolet light. These strains also accumulate more carbonylated proteins when exposed to hydrogen peroxide indicating that MsrB is an active player in the protection of the cellular proteins from oxidative stress damage
physiological function
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MsrB is important for the oxidative stress response, macrophage survival, and persistent infection with Enterococcus faecalis
physiological function
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MsrB of plays only a limited role in resisting intracellular and in vitro reactive oxygen intermediates
physiological function
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MsrB1 recovers transient receptor potential melastatin type 6 channel activity by reducing the oxidation of Met1755 and can thereby function as a modulator of transient receptor potential melastatin type 6 during oxidative stress
physiological function
MsrB2 is a defense regulator against oxidative stress and pathogen attack, MsrB2 causes enhanced resistance to Phytophthora capsici and Phytophthora infestans
physiological function
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MSRB2 plays an important function in protecting cones from multiple type of oxidative stress and is critical in preserving central vision
physiological function
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MSRB2 plays an important function in protecting cones from multiple type of oxidative stress and is critical in preserving central vision
physiological function
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oxidative stress can lead to oxidation of methionine residues, which are repaired by MsrB1
physiological function
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isoforms MsrB7 and MsrB8 play an important role in defense against oxidative stress. Transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8 are viable and survive after methyl viologen and H2O2 treatment. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing isoforms MsrB7/B8 have shorter roots
physiological function
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methionine sulfoxide reductase B3 protects from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Drosophila flies overexpressing human MsrB3A exhibit significantly increased resistance to ER stress induced by dithiothreitol (cell viability is enhanced by 40% and 30% in the treatment of 0.5 and 1 mM dithiothreitol, respectively). These flies also show slightly enhanced resistance to tunicamycin-induced ER stress. The enzyme may be involved in the regulation of ER homeostasis. Overexpression of MsrB3A in mammalian cells increases resistance to dithiothreitol- and thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses. However, MsrB3A overexpression has no effect on the resistance to tunicamycin-induced ER stress
physiological function
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neuronal expression of isoform MsrB3A renders Drosophilaflies resistant to oxidative stress. These flies also show significantly enhanced cold (4°C) and heat (37°C) tolerance. Expression of isoform MsrB3A in the whole body and nervous system extends the lifespan of fruit flies at 29°C by 43-50% and 12-37%, respectively. Additionally, isoform MsrB3A overexpression significantly delays the age-related decline in locomotor activity and fecundity
physiological function
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the MSRB1 gene plays a critical role in protecting against oxidative stress
physiological function
an mMrB mutant exhibits decreased in vitro growth, exogenous oxidative stress resistance and intracellular growth in macrophages. A double mutant lacking both MsrA, EC 1.8.1.11, and MsrB exhibits the same characteristics as the MsrB mutant. The bacterial count of the MsrB mutant is significantly lower than that of the wild-type strain in the liver and spleen of mice
physiological function
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Escherichia coli cells harboring MSRB3 display increased viability under H2O2 stress
physiological function
in the presence of 0.1 mM L-methionine-(R,S)-sulfoxide, Mxr2 overexpressing cells grow normally while the growth of control cells is almost arrested. Overexpressing cells exhibit enhanced growth in presence of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical-generating menadione, sodium nitroprusside, and cadmium, when compared with the control cells. They show better growth at 37°C and contain less reactive oxygen species and higher total glutathione levels than the control cells
physiological function
methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA, EC 1.8.1.11) and B (MsrB, EC 1.8.1.12) are present as a fusion form. The catalytic efficiency of both MsrA and MsrB increases after fusion of the domains and the linker region (iloop) that connects MsrA and MsrB is required for the higher catalytic efficiency of the fusion protein. The iloop mainly interacts with MsrB via hydrogen bonds. The iloop-MsrB interactions are critical to MsrB and MsrA activities
physiological function
MsrB-overexpressing cell exhibit better growth in presence of cadmium chloride than controls. Both groups contain enhanced reactive oxygen and nitric oxide levels in the presence of Cd, levels are significantly lower in the overexpressing cells. Overexpressing cells possess higher total glutathione levels and a greater reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio than controls
physiological function
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methionine sulfoxide reductase B can regulate the redox state and activity of ascorbate peroxidase, a key antioxidant enzyme that is involved in diverse developmental and physiological process and stress responses by scavenging H2O2 in plants
physiological function
methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (MsrB1) protects the photosynthetic apparatus from oxidative damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species to repair Met-oxidized proteins in response to abiotic stresses and biotic attack
physiological function
methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition
physiological function
methionine sulfoxide reductase B8 influences stress-induced cell death and effector-triggered immunity
physiological function
methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase OsMSRB5 is required for rice defense against copper toxicity
physiological function
MsrB is implicated in human lens epithelial cell viability
physiological function
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MsrB2 is associated with the acquisition of desiccation tolerance
physiological function
the enzyme (MsrB1) controls immune responses by promoting anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages
physiological function
the enzyme (MsrB3) is able to function in vivo to complement a bacterial strain deficient in endogenous Msr
physiological function
the enzyme is involved in the regulation of many developmental processes and stress responses
physiological function
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to combat the deleterious effects that oxidation of the sulfur atom in methionine to sulfoxide may bring, aerobic cells express repair pathways involving methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs) to reverse the deleterious reaction
physiological function
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MsrB is important for the oxidative stress response, macrophage survival, and persistent infection with Enterococcus faecalis
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physiological function
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methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA, EC 1.8.1.11) and B (MsrB, EC 1.8.1.12) are present as a fusion form. The catalytic efficiency of both MsrA and MsrB increases after fusion of the domains and the linker region (iloop) that connects MsrA and MsrB is required for the higher catalytic efficiency of the fusion protein. The iloop mainly interacts with MsrB via hydrogen bonds. The iloop-MsrB interactions are critical to MsrB and MsrA activities
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additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
additional information
the enzyme harbors two CXXC motifs (M1 and M3) including four non-redox-active cysteines, as well as XCGWP (M2) and RXCXNS (M4) conserved domains
additional information
Smittium mucronatum ALG-7-W6
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica YlCW001 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Smittium culicis GSMNP
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica YB392 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica YB419 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Ramaria rubella UT-36052-T v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Dendrothele bispora CBS 962.96 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica CLIB 89 (W29)
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Gonapodya prolifera v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Crucibulum laeve CBS 166.37 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica YB566 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Pichia kudriavzevii CBS573
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica YB567 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica YB420 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Coprinellus micaceus FP101781 v2.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Yarrowia lipolytica FKP355 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Absidia repens NRRL 1336
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Hortaea werneckii EXF-2000 M0 v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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additional information
Tulasnella calospora AL13/4D v1.0
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survey of msr genes in almost 700 genomes across the fungal kingdom. Most fungi possess one gene coding for each type of methionine sulfoxide reductase: MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr. Several fungi living in anaerobic environments or as obligate intracellular parasites are devoid of msr genes
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