2.1.1.143: 24-methylenesterol C-methyltransferase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about 24-methylenesterol C-methyltransferase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 2.1.1.143
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2.1.1.143
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ergosterol
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zymosterol
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azasterols
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flagellate
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tomatine
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amphotericin
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phytosterols
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glycoalkaloid
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24-alkylated
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lanosterol
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phytomonas
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vacuolisation
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epoxidase
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serpens
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24-ethyl
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permeabilisation
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serrated
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stigmasterol
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trypanosomatidae
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sitosterol
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parasitise
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carbocation
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biotechnology
- 2.1.1.143
- ergosterol
- zymosterol
- azasterols
-
flagellate
- tomatine
- amphotericin
- phytosterols
-
glycoalkaloid
-
24-alkylated
- lanosterol
- phytomonas
-
vacuolisation
-
epoxidase
- serpens
-
24-ethyl
-
permeabilisation
-
serrated
- stigmasterol
- trypanosomatidae
- sitosterol
-
parasitise
-
carbocation
- biotechnology
Reaction
Synonyms
(S)-adenosyl-L-methionine-DELTA24-sterol methyltransferase, (S)-adenosyl-L-methionine:DELTA24(25)-sterol methyltransferase, 24-methylenelophenol C-241-methyltransferase, 24-sterol methyltransferase, C-24 SMT, C24-SMT2, DELTA24(25)-sterol methyltransferase, DELTA24-methyltransferase, DELTA24-sterol methyltransferase, methyltransferase, DELTA24-sterol, S-adenosylmethionine:DELTA24-sterol methyltransferase, SAM-DELTA24 sterol transmethylase, SMT1, SMT2, SMT2-1, sterol 24C-methyltransferase, sterol methyl transferase 2, sterol methyltransferase, sterol methyltransferase 2, zymosterol-24-methyltransferase
ECTree
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General Information
General Information on EC 2.1.1.143 - 24-methylenesterol C-methyltransferase
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evolution
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SMT2 and SMT3 genes are highly homologous and encode highly similar sterol 24-carbon methyltransferases
malfunction
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deficiency of SMT2 in the cvp1 mutant results in moderate developmental defects, including aberrant cotyledon vein patterning, serrated floral organs, and reduced stature, but plants are viable, suggesting that SMT3 activity can substitute for the loss of SMT2, overview. Mutation in both SMT2 and SMT3 causes extreme alteration in sterol composition, sterol profiles of smt mutants, overview. Mutants deficient in both SMT1 and SMT2 are embryo lethal. Phenotypes, detailed overview
metabolism
physiological function
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SMT2 and SMT3 are involved in the phytosterol biosynthetic pathway, overview
metabolism
SMT2 is a rate-limiting enzyme in channeling the carbon flux downstream towards C-24 alkyl sterol synthesis
SMT isoform expression determines specific C24-methyl to C24-ethyl ratios to flowering whereas with seed development there is a disconnection such that the SMT transcript levels decrease against an increase in sterol content. Generally SMT2-2 is expressed more than SMT2-1 or SMT1
physiological function
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gene SMT2 encodes a C-24 SMT, that catalyzes the reaction that distinguishes the synthesis of structural sterols from signaling brassinosteroid derivatives and is highly regulated. Distinct developmental roles of SMT2 and SMT3, SMT3, which also encodes a C-24 SMT, overview
physiological function
SMT-1 and SMT-2 play a role in regulation of 24-alkyl sterol-controlled plant physiology. The reaction catalyzed by the SMT2 enzyme diverts carbon flux towards the C-24 ethyl sterols, which represents the final segment of phytosterol biosynthesis. SMT-2 plays a role in seed sterol accumulation
physiological function
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bread wheat genome (AABBDD) contains at least three homoeologous genes encoding C24-sterol methyltransferase 1 named as SMT1-5A, TaSMT1-4B and SMT1-4D, respectively.. TaSMT1-5A is constitutively expressed in the roots and leaves, while TaSMT1-4D gene is highly stress-responsive
physiological function
SMT2-1 overexpression leads to changes of phytosterol content and the ratio of campesterol to sitosterol in fiber cell. At the rapid elongation stage of fiber cell, total phytosterol and sitosterol contents are increased while campesterol content is decreased in transgenic fibers. The ratio of campesterol to sitosterol declines strikingly. The transgenic fibers are shorter and thicker than control fibers. Exogenous application of sitosterol or campesterol inhibits control fiber cell elongation in cotton ovule culture system in vitro. Campesterol treatment partially rescues fiber elongation in overexpressing plants