Information on EC 1.3.5.6 - 9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene desaturase

ZDS

13 entries

ZDS/SPC1

-

686007

ZDS1

-

ZDS2

-

zeta-carotene desaturase

15 entries

zeta-carotene desaturase (Anabaena strain PCC 7120 clone pZDS1A)

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zeta-carotene desaturase (Capsicum annuum clone pCapZDS precursor reduced)

-

zeta-carotene desaturase (Synechocystis strain PCC 6803 gene crtQ-2)

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zeta-carotene desaturase 1

-

zeta-carotene desaturase 2

-

Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, Carotenoid biosynthesis

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinone = 7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + a quinol

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9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + 2 quinone = 7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + 2 quinol

-

9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + a quinone = 7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinol

-

BRENDA

carotenoid biosynthesis

KEGG

9,9'-dicis-zeta-corotene:quinone oxidoreductase

This enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria.

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinone

7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + a quinol

8 entries

9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + 2 quinone

7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + 2 quinol

9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + a quinone

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinol

5 entries

neurosporene + a quinone

lycopene + a quinol

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

neurosporene + decyl-plastoquinone

lycopene + decyl-plastoquinol

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

neurosporene + decyl-ubiquinone

lycopene + decyl-ubiquinone

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

phytoene + quinone

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + quinol

zeta-carotene + 2 AH2 + 2 O2

lycopene + 2 A + 4 H2O

zeta-carotene + 2 decyl-plastoquinone

lycopene + 2 decyl-plastoquinol

-

Substrates: zeta-carotene desaturase has no preference for certain isomers. The nature of the isomers formed during catalysis depends strictly on the isomeric composition of the substrate. Different lycopene isomers are formed, including substantial amounts of the all-trans form, together with 7,7',9,9'-tetracis prolycopene via the corresponding neurosporene isomers
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + 2 decyl-ubiquinone

lycopene + 2 decyl-ubiquinone

-

Substrates: zeta-carotene desaturase has no preference for certain isomers. The nature of the isomers formed during catalysis depends strictly on the isomeric composition of the substrate. Different lycopene isomers are formed, including substantial amounts of the all-trans form, together with 7,7',9,9'-tetracis prolycopene via the corresponding neurosporene isomers
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + 2 quinone

lycopene + 2 quinol

-

Substrates: zeta-carotene desaturase has no preference for certain isomers. The nature of the isomers formed during catalysis depends strictly on the isomeric composition of the substrate. Different lycopene isomers are formed, including substantial amounts of the all-trans form, together with 7,7',9,9'-tetracis prolycopene via the corresponding neurosporene isomers
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + a quinone

neurosporene + a quinol

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + AH2 + O2

neurosporene + A + H2O

Citrus unshiu

Q2PPX8

716498

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + decyl-plastoquinone

neurosporene + decyl-plastoquinol

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + decyl-ubiquinone

neurosporene + decyl-ubiquinone

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

additional information

?

-

8 entries

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinone

7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + a quinol

7 entries

9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + 2 quinone

7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + 2 quinol

9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + a quinone

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinol

5 entries

neurosporene + a quinone

lycopene + a quinol

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

phytoene + quinone

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + quinol

zeta-carotene + 2 AH2 + 2 O2

lycopene + 2 A + 4 H2O

zeta-carotene + 2 quinone

lycopene + 2 quinol

-

Substrates: zeta-carotene desaturase has no preference for certain isomers. The nature of the isomers formed during catalysis depends strictly on the isomeric composition of the substrate. Different lycopene isomers are formed, including substantial amounts of the all-trans form, together with 7,7',9,9'-tetracis prolycopene via the corresponding neurosporene isomers
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + a quinone

neurosporene + a quinol

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

zeta-carotene + AH2 + O2

neurosporene + A + H2O

Citrus unshiu

Q2PPX8

716498

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

additional information

?

-

FAD

Nostoc sp.

-

tightly bound to zeta-carotene desaturase CrtQb

quinone

additional information

-

addition of the dinucleotides FAD, NADP+ or NAD+ alone or the latter in combination with ATP results in a negligible increase in zeta-carotene desaturase activity

-

decyl-plastoquinone

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enhances zeta-carotene desaturase activity significantly and increases the ratio of lycopene to neurosporene among the reaction products. Quinones other than decyl-plastoquinone and decyl-ubiquinone do not stimulate

decyl-ubiquinone

-

enhances zeta-carotene desaturase activity significantly and increases the ratio of lycopene to neurosporene among the reaction products. Quinones other than decyl-plastoquinone and decyl-ubiquinone do not stimulate

0.0331 - 0.0658

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene

0.009

Neurosporene

-

pH 7.8, 28°C

0.0048 - 0.0171

phytoene

0.0084

zeta-carotene

-

pH 7.8, 28°C

7.8

-

assay at

8

-

assay at

28

Auxenochlorella protothecoides

gene zds

725561

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Auxenochlorella protothecoides CS-41

gene zds

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Carica papaya Dwarf solo

gene crtI

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Citrus sinensis

Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck

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742721

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Citrus sinensis valencia

gene zds

-

gene zds

UniProt

gene zds

UniProt

Dunaliella salina UTEX LB 200

gene zds

UniProt

-

-

contains two completely unrelated zeta-carotene desaturases CrtQa and CrtQb, encoded by genes crtQa and crtQb

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Nostoc sp. PCC 7120

contains two completely unrelated zeta-carotene desaturases CrtQa and CrtQb, encoded by genes crtQa and crtQb

-

gene crtI

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gene zds

UniProt

-

additional information

additional information

Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines

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Cell Line Links

Gene Links

evolution

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approximately 10% of known phytoene desaturases, as in Rhodobacter, produce neurosporene, whereas the rest produce lycopene. These two types of enzymes, although similar in function, have relatively low similarity, below 60%, in terms of nucleotide or amino acid sequence. Phytoene desaturase encoded by gene crtI is a neurosporene-producing enzyme

metabolism

13 entries

physiological function

additional information

60000

-

x * 60000, SDS-PAGE

Auxenochlorella protothecoides

63700

-

x * 63700, aboout, sequence calculation

725561

63900

Dunaliella salina

E0AE54

x * 63900, about, sequence calculation

715214

?

5 entries

additional information

6 entries

E508G

-

random mutagenesis, the mutation has little effect on the enzyme activity

F166I

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random mutagenesis, a beneficial mutation that helps the conversion of product from neurosporene to lycopene

F220S

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random mutagenesis, the mutation has little effect on the enzyme activity

H12Q

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random mutagenesis, the mutation has little effect on the enzyme activity

L148H

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random mutagenesis, the beneficial mutation is highly increasing the production of lycopene to over 80%

M402T

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random mutagenesis, the mutation reduces the lycopene production rate

V68D

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random mutagenesis, a beneficial mutation that helps the conversion of product from neurosporene to lycopene

D355G

-

naturally occuring mutation

D53G

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naturally occuring mutation

L153P

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

L208F

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

L208P

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

L278P

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

L424P

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

P134L

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

T256M

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naturally occuring mutation

V395A

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naturally occuring mutation

Y44C

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naturally occuring mutation

L153P

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

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L208F

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

-

L208P

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

-

P134L

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naturally occuring mutation, which influences the secondary structure of the enzyme

-

additional information

-

-

-

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crtI gene, construction of different mutation libraries used for screening for mutants which synthesize almost exclusively either neurosporene or lycopene, cloning n Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha

-

expression in Escherichia coli

gene crtQa, expressionin Escherichia coli, gene crtQb, expression of CrtQB in Escherichia coli strain JM101

Nostoc sp.

-

Auxenochlorella protothecoides

gene ZDS, cotransformation of the Citrus unshiu carotinoid biosynthetic genes geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, i.e. GGPS, phytoene desaturase, i.e. PDS, zeta-carotene desaturase, i.e. ZDS, beta-carotene hydroxylase, i.e. CHX, and phytoene synthase, i.e. PSY, into Actinidia deliciosa var. deliciosa, kiwi, fruits using the micro-cross section technique for the Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection system, method evaluation, overview

Citrus unshiu

Q2PPX8

716498

gene zds, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, a single copy gene located on chromosome LG3

Carica papaya

-

716179

gene zds, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis

Dunaliella salina

E0AE54

715214

gene zds, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, suncloning in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha

-

725561

gene zds, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis

Triticum aestivum

B6DU63

712989

5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole induces Zds expression from early to midmaturation stages, overview

presence of 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole activates phytoene desaturase (Pds) and zeta-carotene desaturase Zds gene expression from early to midmaturation stages of fruit

the expression of zeta-carotene desaturase paralles plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX, quinol:oxygen oxidoreductase) and zeta-carotene desaturase. The three genes are expressed when carotinoid biosynthesis is enhanced during fruit ripening

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710300

the expression of zeta-carotene desaturase paralles plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX, quinol:oxygen oxidoreductase) and zeta-carotene desaturase. The three genes are expressed when carotinoid biosynthesis is enhanced during fruit ripening. Tomato ghost mutant with impaired plastid terminal oxidase accumulate phytoene in leaves and fruits

Solanum lycopersicum

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710300

the zds gene expression is upregulated in response to light

agriculture