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Literature summary for 2.6.1.97 extracted from
- Identification of a radical SAM enzyme involved in the synthesis of archaeosine (2019), Nat. Chem. Biol., 15, 1148-1155 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene arcS, recombinant expression of enzyme ArcS in an arcS orthologue (KEGG accession TK2156)-deletion strain of Thermococcus kodakarensis and functional complementation | Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| recombinant coexpression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain ER2566 | Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| recombinant coexpression of His-tagged TaArcS and His-tagged TkRaSEA in Escherichia coli | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | construction of an arcS orthologue (KEGG accession TK2156)-deletion strain of Thermococcus kodakarensis | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermoplasma acidophilum | - |
L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? |  |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermococcus kodakarensis | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Methanosarcina acetivorans | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermoplasma acidophilum JCM 9062 | - |
L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermoplasma acidophilum AMRC-C165 | - |
L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 | reaction of subunit alpha | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermoplasma acidophilum ATCC 25905 | - |
L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | Thermoplasma acidophilum NBRC 15155 | - |
L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Methanosarcina acetivorans | Q8TH90 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 | Q8TH90 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 | Q8TH90 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 | Q8TH90 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermococcus kodakarensis | Q5JHG7 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 | Q5JHG7 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 | Q5JHG7 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermoplasma acidophilum | Q9HJP3 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermoplasma acidophilum AMRC-C165 | Q9HJP3 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermoplasma acidophilum ATCC 25905 | Q9HJP3 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermoplasma acidophilum JCM 9062 | Q9HJP3 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
| Thermoplasma acidophilum NBRC 15155 | Q9HJP3 | ArcS subunit alpha | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| copurification of recombinant His-tagged enzyme complex from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography | Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| copurification of recombinant His-tagged TaArcS and His-tagged TkRaSEA from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Thermococcus kodakarensis | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Methanosarcina acetivorans | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex | Methanosarcina acetivorans | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex | Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex | Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum JCM 9062 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex | Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum AMRC-C165 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | reaction of subunit alpha | Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum ATCC 25905 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
| L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum NBRC 15155 | L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| archaeosine synthase subunit alpha | - |
Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| archaeosine synthase subunit alpha | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| ArcS | - |
Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| ArcS | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| ArcS | - |
Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| lysine transferase | - |
Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| lysine transferase | - |
Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| MA_4632 | - |
Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| Ta0924 | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| TaArcS | - |
Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| TK2156 | - |
Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| TkArcS | - |
Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| TkArcS | - |
Methanosarcina acetivorans |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis lacks an arcTGT orthologue | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| malfunction | recombinant expression of the arcTGT orthologue from Thermoplasma acidophilum in the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis arcS-deletion strain and functional complementation. Less TkRaSEA is obtained from the extract containing TaArcS compared to TkArcS | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| metabolism | archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| metabolism | archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview | Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| metabolism | archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview | Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| additional information | the archaeosine synthases from Methanosarcina acetivorans is composed of ArcS (subunit alpha) and a radical SAM enzyme TkRaSEA (q0kN-tRNA lyase, subunit beta) both forming a robust complex. The MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex formation is inducible by arabinose. Interaction analysis, overview | Methanosarcina acetivorans |
| additional information | the archaeosine synthases from Thermococcus kodakarensis is composed of ArcS (subunit alpha) and a radical SAM enzyme TkRaSEA (q0kN-tRNA lyase, subunit beta) both forming a robust complex, but the interaction between TkRaSEA and Thermoplasma acidophilum ArcS is considerably weaker. Interaction analysis, overview | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| additional information | Thermoplasma acidophilum ArcS also interacts with the q0kN-tRNA lyase TkRaSEA from Thermococcus kodakarensis, interaction analysis, overview | Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| physiological function | archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively | Thermococcus kodakarensis |
| physiological function | archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively | Thermoplasma acidophilum |
| physiological function | archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively | Methanosarcina acetivorans |
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