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EC 1.3.3.4 Details

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EC number

1.3.3.4

Accepted name

protoporphyrinogen oxidase

Reaction

protoporphyrinogen IX + 3 O₂ = protoporphyrin IX + 3 H₂O₂

Other name(s)

protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase, protoporphyrinogenase, PPO, Protox, HemG, HemY

Systematic name

protoporphyrinogen-IX:oxygen oxidoreductase

CAS registry number

53986-32-6

Comment

This is the last common enzyme in the biosynthesis of chlorophylls and heme [8]. Two isoenzymes exist in plants: one in plastids and the other in mitochondria. This is the target enzyme of phthalimide-type and diphenylether-type herbicides [8]. The enzyme from oxygen-dependent species contains FAD [9]. Also slowly oxidizes mesoporphyrinogen IX.

History

created 1978, modified 2003

EC Tree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

1.3.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.3.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.3.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.3.3.1 dihydroorotate oxidase

1.3.3.2 created 1972, deleted 2005

1.3.3.3 coproporphyrinogen oxidase

1.3.3.4 protoporphyrinogen oxidase

1.3.3.5 bilirubin oxidase

1.3.3.6 acyl-CoA oxidase

1.3.3.7 dihydrouracil oxidase

1.3.3.8 tetrahydroberberine oxidase

1.3.3.9 secologanin synthase

1.3.3.10 tryptophan α,β-oxidase

1.3.3.11 pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase

1.3.3.12 L-galactonolactone oxidase

1.3.3.13 albonoursin synthase

1.3.3.14 aclacinomycin-A oxidase

1.3.3.15 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (coproporphyrin-forming)

1.3.3.16 oxazoline dehydrogenase

1.3.3.17 benzylmalonyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.3.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.3.5 With a quinone or related compound as acceptor

1.3.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.3.8 With a flavin as acceptor

1.3.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.3.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.4 Acting on the CH-NH₂ group of donors

1.4.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.4.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.4.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.4.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.4.5 With a quinone or other compound as acceptor

1.4.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.4.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.4.98. undefined

1.4.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors

1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH

1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors

1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors

1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors

1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor

1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor

1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)

1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor

1.15.1 Acting on superoxide as acceptor (only sub-subclass identified to date)

1.16 Oxidizing metal ions

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors

1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y

1.21.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.21.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.21.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.21.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.21.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.22 Acting on halogen in donors

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.97 Other oxidoreductases

1.97.1 Sole sub-subclass for oxidoreductases that do not belong in the other subclasses

1.97.1.1 chlorate reductase

1.97.1.2 pyrogallol hydroxytransferase

1.97.1.3 sulfur reductase

1.97.1.4 [formate-C-acetyltransferase]-activating enzyme

1.97.1.5 created 2000 deleted 2001

1.97.1.6 created 2000 deleted 2001

1.97.1.7 created 2000, deleted 2001

1.97.1.8 tetrachloroethene reductive dehalogenase

1.97.1.9 selenate reductase

1.97.1.10 thyroxine 5′-deiodinase

1.97.1.11 thyroxine 5-deiodinase

1.97.1.12 photosystem I

1.98 Enzymes using H₂ as reductant (deleted subclass)

1.99 Other enzymes using O₂ as oxidant (deleted subclass)

3.1 Acting on ester bonds

3.2 Glycosylases

3.3 Acting on ether bonds

3.4 Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases)

3.5 Acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds

3.6 Acting on acid anhydrides

3.7 Acting on carbon-carbon bonds

3.8 Acting on halide bonds

3.9 Acting on phosphorus-nitrogen bonds

3.10 Acting on sulfur-nitrogen bonds

3.11 Acting on carbon-phosphorus bonds

3.12 Acting on sulfur-sulfur bonds

3.13 Acting on carbon-sulfur bonds

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)