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EC 1.21.4.4 Details
EC number
1.21.4.4
Accepted name
betaine reductase
Reaction
acetyl phosphate + trimethylamine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = betaine + phosphate + thioredoxin
Other name(s)
acetyl-phosphate trimethylamine:thioredoxin disulfide oxidoreductase (N,N,N-trimethylglycine-forming)
Systematic name
acetyl-phosphate trimethylamine:thioredoxin disulfide oxidoreductase (betaine-forming)
CAS registry number
125752-87-6
Comment
The reaction is observed only in the direction of betaine reduction. The enzyme from Eubacterium acidaminophilum consists of subunits A, B and C. Subunit B contains selenocysteine and a pyruvoyl group, and is responsible for betaine binding and trimethylamine release. Subunit A, which also contains selenocysteine, is reduced by thioredoxin, and is needed to convert the carboxymethyl group into a ketene equivalent, in turn used by subunit C to produce acetyl phosphate. Only subunit B distinguishes this enzyme from EC 1.21.4.2 (glycine reductase) and EC 1.21.4.3 (sarcosine reductase).
History
created 2003, modified 2010
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