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EC 1.1.99.31 Details

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EC number

1.1.99.31

Accepted name

(S)-mandelate dehydrogenase

Reaction

(S)-mandelate + acceptor = phenylglyoxylate + reduced acceptor

Other name(s)

MDH (ambiguous)

Systematic name

(S)-mandelate:acceptor 2-oxidoreductase

CAS registry number

9067-95-2

Comment

This enzyme is a member of the FMN-dependent α-hydroxy-acid oxidase/dehydrogenase family [1]. While all enzymes of this family oxidize the (S)-enantiomer of an α-hydroxy acid to an α-oxo acid, the ultimate oxidant (oxygen, intramolecular heme or some other acceptor) depends on the particular enzyme. This enzyme transfers the electron pair from FMNH₂ to a component of the electron transport chain, most probably ubiquinone [1,2]. It is part of a metabolic pathway in Pseudomonads that allows these organisms to utilize mandelic acid, derivatized from the common soil metabolite amygdalin, as the sole source of carbon and energy [2]. The enzyme has a large active-site pocket and preferentially binds substrates with longer sidechains, e.g. 2-hydroxyoctanoate rather than 2-hydroxybutyrate [1]. It also prefers substrates that, like (S)-mandelate, have β unsaturation, e.g. (indol-3-yl)glycolate compared with (indol-3-yl)lactate [1]. Esters of mandelate, such as methyl (S)-mandelate, are also substrates [3].

History

created 2006

EC Tree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

1.1.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.2 alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.3 homoserine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.4 (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.5 acetoin dehydrogenase

1.1.1.6 glycerol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.7 propanediol-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.8 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.9 D-xylulose reductase

1.1.1.10 L-xylulose reductase

1.1.1.11 D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.12 L-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.13 L-arabinitol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.14 L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.15 D-iditol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.16 galactitol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.17 mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.18 inositol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.19 glucuronate reductase

1.1.1.20 glucuronolactone reductase

1.1.1.21 aldose reductase

1.1.1.22 UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.23 histidinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.24 quinate/shikimate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.25 shikimate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.26 glyoxylate reductase

1.1.1.27 L-lactate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.28 D-lactate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.29 glycerate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.30 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.31 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.32 mevaldate reductase

1.1.1.33 mevaldate reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.34 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.35 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.36 acetoacetyl-CoA reductase

1.1.1.37 malate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.38 malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)

1.1.1.39 malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.40 malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.41 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.42 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.43 phosphogluconate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.44 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺-dependent, decarboxylating)

1.1.1.45 L-gulonate 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.46 L-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.47 glucose 1-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.48 D-galactose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.49 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.50 3α-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase (Si-specific)

1.1.1.51 3(or 17)β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.52 3α-hydroxycholanate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.53 3α(or 20β)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.54 allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.55 lactaldehyde reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.56 ribitol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.57 fructuronate reductase

1.1.1.58 tagaturonate reductase

1.1.1.59 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.60 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase

1.1.1.61 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.62 17β-estradiol 17-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.63 testosterone 17β-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.64 testosterone 17β-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.65 pyridoxine 4-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.66 ω-hydroxydecanoate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.67 mannitol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.68 created 1965, deleted 1978 [transferred to EC 1.1.99.15, deleted 1980]

1.1.1.69 gluconate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.70 created 1965, deleted 1978

1.1.1.71 alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.72 glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.73 octanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.74 created 1972, deleted 1976

1.1.1.75 (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.76 (S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.77 lactaldehyde reductase

1.1.1.78 methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)

1.1.1.79 glyoxylate reductase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.80 isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.81 hydroxypyruvate reductase

1.1.1.82 malate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.83 D-malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.84 dimethylmalate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.85 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.86 ketol-acid reductoisomerase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.87 homoisocitrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.88 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase

1.1.1.89 created 1972, deleted 1976

1.1.1.90 aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.91 aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.92 oxaloglycolate reductase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.93 tartrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.94 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.95 phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.96 diiodophenylpyruvate reductase

1.1.1.97 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.98 (R)-2-hydroxy-fatty-acid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.99 (S)-2-hydroxy-fatty-acid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.100 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase

1.1.1.101 acylglycerone-phosphate reductase

1.1.1.102 3-dehydrosphinganine reductase

1.1.1.103 L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.104 4-oxoproline reductase

1.1.1.105 all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.106 pantoate 4-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.107 pyridoxal 4-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.108 carnitine 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.109 created 1972, deleted 1976

1.1.1.110 aromatic 2-oxoacid reductase

1.1.1.111 3-(imidazol-5-yl)lactate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.112 indanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.113 L-xylose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.114 apiose 1-reductase

1.1.1.115 ribose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.116 D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.117 D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.118 glucose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.119 glucose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.120 galactose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.121 aldose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.122 D-threo-aldose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.123 sorbose 5-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.124 fructose 5-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.125 2-deoxy-D-gluconate 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.126 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.127 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.128 L-idonate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.129 L-threonate 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.130 3-dehydro-L-gulonate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.131 mannuronate reductase

1.1.1.132 GDP-mannose 6-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.133 dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase

1.1.1.134 dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose 4-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.135 GDP-6-deoxy-D-talose 4-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.136 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 6-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.137 ribitol-5-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.138 mannitol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.139 created 1972, deleted 1978

1.1.1.140 sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.141 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.142 D-pinitol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.143 sequoyitol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.144 perillyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.145 3β-hydroxy-Δ⁵-steroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.146 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.147 16α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.148 estradiol 17α-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.149 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.150 21-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.151 21-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.152 3α-hydroxy-5β-androstane-17-one 3α-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.153 sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)

1.1.1.154 ureidoglycolate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.155 created 1976, deleted 2004

1.1.1.156 glycerol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.157 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.158 UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.159 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.160 dihydrobunolol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.161 cholestanetetraol 26-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.162 erythrulose reductase

1.1.1.163 cyclopentanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.164 hexadecanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.165 2-alkyn-1-ol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.166 hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.167 hydroxymalonate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.168 2-dehydropantolactone reductase (Re-specific)

1.1.1.169 2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase

1.1.1.170 3β-hydroxysteroid-4α-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.171 created 1978, deleted 1984

1.1.1.172 2-oxoadipate reductase

1.1.1.173 L-rhamnose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.174 cyclohexane-1,2-diol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.175 D-xylose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.176 12α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.177 glycerol-3-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.178 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.179 D-xylose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺, D-xylono-1,5-lactone-forming)

1.1.1.180 created 1983, deleted 1984

1.1.1.181 cholest-5-ene-3β,7α-diol 3β-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.182 created 1983, deleted 1990

1.1.1.183 geraniol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.184 carbonyl reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.185 L-glycol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.186 dTDP-galactose 6-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.187 GDP-4-dehydro-D-rhamnose reductase

1.1.1.188 prostaglandin-F synthase

1.1.1.189 prostaglandin-E₂ 9-reductase

1.1.1.190 indole-3-acetaldehyde reductase (NADH)

1.1.1.191 indole-3-acetaldehyde reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.192 long-chain-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.193 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil reductase

1.1.1.194 coniferyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.195 cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.196 15-hydroxyprostaglandin-D dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.197 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.198 (+)-borneol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.199 (S)-usnate reductase

1.1.1.200 aldose-6-phosphate reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.201 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.202 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.203 uronate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.204 created 1972 as EC 1.2.1.37, transferred 1984 to EC 1.1.1.204, modified 1989, deleted 2004

1.1.1.205 IMP dehydrogenase

1.1.1.206 tropinone reductase I

1.1.1.207 (-)-menthol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.208 (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.209 3(or 17)α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.210 3β(or 20α)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.211 long-chain-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.212 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)

1.1.1.213 3α-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase (Re-specific)

1.1.1.214 2-dehydropantolactone reductase (Si-specific)

1.1.1.215 gluconate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.216 farnesol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.217 benzyl-2-methyl-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.218 morphine 6-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.219 dihydroflavonol 4-reductase

1.1.1.220 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin 2′-reductase

1.1.1.221 vomifoliol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.222 (R)-4-hydroxyphenyllactate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.223 isopiperitenol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.224 mannose-6-phosphate 6-reductase

1.1.1.225 chlordecone reductase

1.1.1.226 4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.227 (-)-borneol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.228 (+)-sabinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.229 diethyl 2-methyl-3-oxosuccinate reductase

1.1.1.230 3α-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.231 15-hydroxyprostaglandin-I dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.232 15-hydroxyicosatetraenoate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.233 N-acylmannosamine 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.234 flavanone 4-reductase

1.1.1.235 8-oxocoformycin reductase

1.1.1.236 tropinone reductase II

1.1.1.237 hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase

1.1.1.238 12β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.239 3α(17β)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.240 N-acetylhexosamine 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.241 6-endo-hydroxycineole dehydrogenase

1.1.1.242 created 1992, deleted 2001

1.1.1.243 carveol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.244 methanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.245 cyclohexanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.246 vestitone reductase

1.1.1.247 codeinone reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.248 salutaridine reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.249 provisional version created 1999, deleted 1999 (reinstated 2001 as EC 2.5.1.46)

1.1.1.250 D-arabinitol 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.251 galactitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.252 tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase

1.1.1.253 created 1999, deleted 2003

1.1.1.254 (S)-carnitine 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.255 mannitol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.256 fluoren-9-ol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.257 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenesulfonate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.258 6-hydroxyhexanoate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.259 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.260 sulcatone reductase

1.1.1.261 sn-glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.262 4-hydroxythreonine-4-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.263 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose reductase

1.1.1.264 L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.265 3-methylbutanal reductase

1.1.1.266 dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxyglucose reductase

1.1.1.267 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase

1.1.1.268 2-(R)-hydroxypropyl-CoM dehydrogenase

1.1.1.269 2-(S)-hydroxypropyl-CoM dehydrogenase

1.1.1.270 3β-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.271 GDP-L-fucose synthase

1.1.1.272 D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.273 vellosimine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.274 2,5-didehydrogluconate reductase (2-dehydro-D-gluconate-forming)

1.1.1.275 (+)-trans-carveol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.276 serine 3-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.277 3β-hydroxy-5β-steroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.278 3β-hydroxy-5α-steroid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.279 (R)-3-hydroxyacid-ester dehydrogenase

1.1.1.280 (S)-3-hydroxyacid-ester dehydrogenase

1.1.1.281 GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose reductase

1.1.1.282 quinate/shikimate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.283 methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.284 S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase

1.1.1.285 3′′-deamino-3′′-oxonicotianamine reductase

1.1.1.286 isocitrate—homoisocitrate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.287 D-arabinitol dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.288 xanthoxin dehydrogenase

1.1.1.289 sorbose reductase

1.1.1.290 4-phosphoerythronate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.291 2-hydroxymethylglutarate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.292 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose reductase (1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol-forming)

1.1.1.293 tropinone reductase I

1.1.1.294 chlorophyll(ide) b reductase

1.1.1.295 momilactone-A synthase

1.1.1.296 dihydrocarveol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.297 limonene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.298 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.299 malate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.300 NADP-retinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.301 D-arabitol-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.302 2,5-diamino-6-(ribosylamino)-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5′-phosphate reductase

1.1.1.303 diacetyl reductase [(R)-acetoin forming]

1.1.1.304 diacetyl reductase [(S)-acetoin forming]

1.1.1.305 UDP-glucuronic acid dehydrogenase (UDP-4-keto-hexauronic acid decarboxylating)

1.1.1.306 S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.307 D-xylose reductase [NAD(P)H]

1.1.1.308 sulfopropanediol 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.309 phosphonoacetaldehyde reductase (NADH)

1.1.1.310 (S)-sulfolactate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.311 (S)-1-phenylethanol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.312 2-hydroxy-4-carboxymuconate semialdehyde hemiacetal dehydrogenase

1.1.1.313 sulfoacetaldehyde reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.314 germacrene A alcohol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.315 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.316 L-galactose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.317 perakine reductase

1.1.1.318 eugenol synthase

1.1.1.319 isoeugenol synthase

1.1.1.320 benzil reductase [(S)-benzoin forming]

1.1.1.321 benzil reductase [(R)-benzoin forming]

1.1.1.322 (–)-endo-fenchol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.323 (+)-thujan-3-ol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.324 8-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.325 sepiapterin reductase (L-threo-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)

1.1.1.326 zerumbone synthase

1.1.1.327 5-exo-hydroxycamphor dehydrogenase

1.1.1.328 nicotine blue oxidoreductase

1.1.1.329 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosamine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.330 very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA reductase

1.1.1.331 secoisolariciresinol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.332 chanoclavine-I dehydrogenase

1.1.1.333 decaprenylphospho-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosid-2-ulose 2-reductase

1.1.1.334 methylecgonone reductase

1.1.1.335 UDP-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxyglucuronate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.336 UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.337 L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.338 (2R)-3-sulfolactate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.339 dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose 4-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.340 1-deoxy-11β-hydroxypentalenate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.341 CDP-abequose synthase

1.1.1.342 CDP-paratose synthase

1.1.1.343 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺-dependent, decarboxylating)

1.1.1.344 dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose 4-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.345 D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.346 2,5-didehydrogluconate reductase (2-dehydro-L-gulonate-forming)

1.1.1.347 geraniol dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.348 (3R)-2′-hydroxyisoflavanone reductase

1.1.1.349 norsolorinic acid ketoreductase

1.1.1.350 ureidoglycolate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.351 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺-dependent, decarboxylating]

1.1.1.352 5′-hydroxyaverantin dehydrogenase

1.1.1.353 versiconal hemiacetal acetate reductase

1.1.1.354 farnesol dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.355 2′-dehydrokanamycin reductase

1.1.1.356 GDP-L-colitose synthase

1.1.1.357 3α-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.358 2-dehydropantolactone reductase

1.1.1.359 aldose 1-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.360 glucose/galactose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.361 glucose-6-phosphate 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.362 aklaviketone reductase

1.1.1.363 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.364 dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-gulose 4-ketoreductase

1.1.1.365 D-galacturonate reductase

1.1.1.366 L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.367 UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-β-L-arabino-hexul-4-ose reductase

1.1.1.368 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.369 D-chiro-inositol 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.370 scyllo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.371 scyllo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.372 D/L-glyceraldehyde reductase

1.1.1.373 sulfolactaldehyde 3-reductase

1.1.1.374 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.375 L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.376 L-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.377 L-rhamnose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.378 L-rhamnose 1-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.379 (R)-mandelate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.380 L-gulonate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.381 3-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase

1.1.1.382 ketol-acid reductoisomerase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.383 ketol-acid reductoisomerase [NAD(P)⁺]

1.1.1.384 dTDP-3,4-didehydro-2,6-dideoxy-α-D-glucose 3-reductase

1.1.1.385 dihydroanticapsin dehydrogenase

1.1.1.386 ipsdienol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.387 L-serine 3-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.388 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.389 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-galactonate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.390 sulfoquinovose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.391 3β-hydroxycholanate 3-dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.392 3α-hydroxycholanate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.393 3β-hydroxycholanate 3-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.394 aurachin B dehydrogenase

1.1.1.395 3α-hydroxy bile acid-CoA-ester 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.396 bacteriochlorophyllide a dehydrogenase

1.1.1.397 β-methylindole-3-pyruvate reductase

1.1.1.398 2-glutathionyl-2-methylbut-3-en-1-ol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.399 2-oxoglutarate reductase

1.1.1.400 2-methyl-1,2-propanediol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.401 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-rhamnonate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.402 D-erythritol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.1.403 D-threitol dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

1.1.1.404 tetrachlorobenzoquinone reductase

1.1.1.405 ribitol-5-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.406 galactitol 2-dehydrogenase (L-tagatose-forming)

1.1.1.407 D-altritol 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.408 4-phospho-D-threonate 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.409 4-phospho-D-erythronate 3-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.410 D-erythronate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.411 L-threonate 2-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.412 2-alkyl-3-oxoalkanoate reductase

1.1.1.413 A-factor type γ-butyrolactone 1′-reductase (1S-forming)

1.1.1.414 L-galactonate 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.415 noscapine synthase

1.1.1.416 isopyridoxal dehydrogenase (5-pyridoxolactone-forming)

1.1.1.417 3β-hydroxysteroid-4β-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.418 plant 3β-hydroxysteroid-4α-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

1.1.1.419 nepetalactol dehydrogenase

1.1.1.420 D-apiose dehydrogenase

1.1.1.421 D-apionate oxidoisomerase

1.1.1.422 pseudoephedrine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.423 (1R,2S)-ephedrine 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.1.424 D-xylose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺, D-xylono-1,4-lactone-forming)

1.1.1.425 levoglucosan dehydrogenase

1.1.1.426 UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-quinovosamine dehydrogenase

1.1.1.427 D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.1.1.428 4-methylthio 2-oxobutanoate reductase (NADH)

1.1.1.429 (2S)-[(R)-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl]succinyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1.1.1.430 D-xylose reductase (NADH)

1.1.1.431 D-xylose reductase (NADPH)

1.1.1.432 6-dehydroglucose reductase

1.1.1.433 sulfoacetaldehyde reductase (NADH)

1.1.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.1.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.1.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.1.4.1 vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive)

1.1.4.2 vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive)

1.1.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.1.5.1 created 1983, deleted 2002

1.1.5.2 glucose 1-dehydrogenase (PQQ, quinone)

1.1.5.3 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.5.4 malate dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.5 alcohol dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.6 formate dehydrogenase-N

1.1.5.7 cyclic alcohol dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.8 quinate/shikimate dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.9 glucose 1-dehydrogenase (FAD, quinone)

1.1.5.10 D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.11 1-butanol dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.12 D-lactate dehydrogenase (quinone)

1.1.5.13 (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase

1.1.5.14 fructose 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.1.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.1.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.1.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.1.99.1 choline dehydrogenase

1.1.99.2 L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase

1.1.99.3 gluconate 2-dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.4 dehydrogluconate dehydrogenase

1.1.99.5 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

1.1.99.6 D-lactate dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.7 lactate—malate transhydrogenase

1.1.99.8 alcohol dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.9 pyridoxine 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.99.10 glucose dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.11 fructose 5-dehydrogenase

1.1.99.12 sorbose dehydrogenase

1.1.99.13 glucoside 3-dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.14 glycolate dehydrogenase

1.1.99.15 created 1978, deleted 1980

1.1.99.16 malate dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.17 created 1982, deleted 2003

1.1.99.18 cellobiose dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.19 uracil dehydrogenase

1.1.99.20 alkan-1-ol dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.21 D-sorbitol dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.22 glycerol dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.23 polyvinyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.24 hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase

1.1.99.25 quinate dehydrogenase (pyrroloquinoline-quinone)

1.1.99.26 3-hydroxycyclohexanone dehydrogenase

1.1.99.27 (R)-pantolactone dehydrogenase (flavin)

1.1.99.28 glucose-fructose oxidoreductase

1.1.99.29 pyranose dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.30 2-oxo-acid reductase

1.1.99.31 (S)-mandelate dehydrogenase

1.1.99.32 L-sorbose 1-dehydrogenase

1.1.99.33 formate dehydrogenase (acceptor)

1.1.99.34 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (coenzyme-F₄₂₀)

1.1.99.35 soluble quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase

1.1.99.36 alcohol dehydrogenase (nicotinoprotein)

1.1.99.37 methanol dehydrogenase (nicotinoprotein)

1.1.99.38 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosamine dehydrogenase (AdoMet-dependent)

1.1.99.39 D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase

1.1.99.40 (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate—pyruvate transhydrogenase

1.1.99.41 3-hydroxy-1,2-didehydro-2,3-dihydrotabersonine reductase

1.1.99.42 4-pyridoxic acid dehydrogenase

1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

1.4 Acting on the CH-NH₂ group of donors

1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors

1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH

1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors

1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors

1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors

1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor

1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor

1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)

1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor

1.16 Oxidizing metal ions

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors

1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y

1.21.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.21.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.21.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.21.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.21.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.22 Acting on halogen in donors

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.97 Other oxidoreductases

1.98 Enzymes using H₂ as reductant (deleted subclass)

1.99 Other enzymes using O₂ as oxidant (deleted subclass)

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)