Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
(1Z)-1,2-dihydroxyhex-1-en-3-one + O2
2-oxovalerate + formic acid
1,2-dihydroxy-3-oxopent-1-ene + O2
2-oxo-butanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
2-keto-4-methyl thiobutyrate + formate
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
3-(methylthio)propanoate + formate + CO
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
1,2-dihydroxy-hex-1-en-3-one + O2
?
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxyhex-1-en-3-one + O2
2-oxopentanoate + formate
-
incorporation of O2 into C1 and C2 of 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-1-hexene
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
(1Z)-1,2-dihydroxyhex-1-en-3-one + O2
2-oxovalerate + formic acid
i.e. desthio-acireductone
-
-
?
(1Z)-1,2-dihydroxyhex-1-en-3-one + O2
2-oxovalerate + formic acid
i.e. desthio-acireductone
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
A0A2V2XFM8; A0A2V2VIR7
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
2-keto-4-methyl thiobutyrate + formate
-
-
-
-
ir
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
2-keto-4-methyl thiobutyrate + formate
-
-
-
-
ir
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
2-keto-4-methyl thiobutyrate + formate
-
-
-
-
ir
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
3-(methylthio)propanoate + formate + CO
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
3-(methylthio)propanoate + formate + CO
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
enzyme of the methionine salvage pathway
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
Fe2+ bound to the enzyme protein. If Ni2+ or Co2+ is bound instead of Fe+, the reaction catalzed by EC 1.13.11.53 occurs instead
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
ordered-sequential mechanism
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
acireductone dioxygenase 1 primarily performs the on-pathway reaction with bound Fe2+ as metal cofactor. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 physically interacts with its regulator Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta, identification of a potential Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta-acireductone dioxygenase 1 interface, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
acireductone dioxygenase 1 primarily performs the on-pathway reaction with bound Fe2+ as metal cofactor. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 physically interacts with its regulator Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta, identification of a potential Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta-acireductone dioxygenase 1 interface, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
human ARD is capable of metal-dependent dual chemistry. The Fe2+-bound ARD shows the highest activity and catalyzes on-pathway chemistry, i.e. reaction of EC 1.13.11.54, whereas Ni2+, Co2+ or Mn2+ forms catalyze off-pathway chemistry, i.e. reasctions of EC 1.13.11.53. The enzymatic activity is metal ion cofactor dependent and the activity trend in decreasing order is Fe2+ > Ni2+ = Co2+ > Mn2+
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
OsARD1 is a primary ethylene response gene. Enzyme catalyzes the penultimate step in the methionine cycle.
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
A0A2V2XFM8; A0A2V2VIR7
the enzyme has two different catalytic domains, its N-terminal half related to acireductone dioxygenase and its C-terminal half related to thioredoxin-related protein of 14 kDa. Enolase from Trypanosoma cruzi is inhibited by its interaction with metallocarboxypeptidase-1 and the enzyme
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
3-(methylthio)propanoate + formate + CO
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
additional information
?
-
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
A0A2V2XFM8; A0A2V2VIR7
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
-
-
-
-
?
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2
4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutanoate + formate
enzyme of the methionine salvage pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
acireductone dioxygenase 1 primarily performs the on-pathway reaction with bound Fe2+ as metal cofactor. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 physically interacts with its regulator Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta, identification of a potential Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta-acireductone dioxygenase 1 interface, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
acireductone dioxygenase 1 primarily performs the on-pathway reaction with bound Fe2+ as metal cofactor. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 physically interacts with its regulator Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta, identification of a potential Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta-acireductone dioxygenase 1 interface, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
OsARD1 is a primary ethylene response gene. Enzyme catalyzes the penultimate step in the methionine cycle.
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Fe
-
enzyme contains 1 atom of Fe
Iron
ligands are H96, H98, E102 and H140, the same as in the isoform requiring Ni2+, EC 1.13.11.54. Structural and functional differences between FeARD' and NiARD' forms are triggered by subtle differences in the local backbone. Both enzymes bind their respective metals with pseudo-octahedral geometry and both may lose a His ligand upon binding of substrate under anaerobic conditions
Mn2+
the Ni2+ bound protein catalyzes the reaction of EC 1.13.11.53
Ni2+
the Ni2+ bound protein catalyzes the reaction of EC 1.13.11.53
additional information
the identity of bound metal ion does not affect the oligomeric state of ARD
Co2+
quantum-classical dynamics simulations with Co2+ bound. both Fe2+-like (reaction of EC 1.13.11.54) and Ni2+-like (reaction of EC 1.13.11.53) routes are accessible to Co2+-ARD, but the mechanism involves a bifurcating transition state, and so the exact product distribution is determined by the reaction dynamics
Co2+
the Ni2+ bound protein catalyzes the reaction of EC 1.13.11.53
Fe2+
dependent on, acireductone dioxygenase 1 is an active metalloenzyme, Fe2+ is active site bound
Fe2+
Fe2+-form of enzyme, less than 1 mol per mol of protein
Fe2+
apoenzyme is catalytically inactive. Addition of Fe2+ yields activity. Production of the enzyme in intact Escherichia coli depends on the availability of the Fe2+. Enzyme contains 0.9 Fe2+ per enzyme molecule
Fe2+
-
dependent on. Fe2+ transmits electrons from the residues, coordinating it to bound dioxygen and populating its formerly p*-orbital. This leads to dioxygen splitting in the second intermediate and eventual access to the Fe2+-dependent acireductone dioxygenase reaction route
Fe2+
Fe2+ can be replaced by Mg2+, albeit with lower activity
Fe2+
Ni2+ bound ARD is the most stable followed by Co2+ and Fe2+, and Mn2+-bound ARD being the least stable
Fe2+
-
bacterially expressed AsARD1 preferentially binds Fe2+ rather than Ni2+
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
metabolism
-
the enzyme plays an important role in ethylene synthesis pathway
physiological function
-
either facilitates recycling of methionine in living cells or exits this recycling pathway. Fe2+-dependent acireductone dioxygenase produces the 2-oxo acid precursor of methionine and formate
physiological function
one function of acireductone dioxygenases is to operate in the methionine salvage pathway. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 physically interacts with Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta, and acireductone dioxygenase enzymatic activity is stimulated by Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta in vitro. Overexpression of acireductone dioxygenase 1 suppresses the 2-day-old etiolated phenotype of agb1-2. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 and Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta both control embryonic hypocotyl length by modulating cell division. They also may contribute to the production of ethylene, a product of the methionine salvage pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta regulates acireductone dioxygenase 1 activity to control cell division, possible mechanism for Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta activation of acireductone dioxygenase 1 activity, overview
physiological function
matrix metalloproteinase MT1-MMP physically interacts with claudin-1 and acireductone dioxygenase 1, both associated with hepatitis C virus cell entry
physiological function
-
enzyme overexpression improves submergence, drought, and salt tolerances of seedling through the enhancement of ethylene synthesis in rice
physiological function
isoform ARD4 regulates the ethylene and carotenoid signaling pathway, increases ethylene and carotenoid concentrations, and accelerates fruit ripening. Furthermore, ARD4 increases the antioxidative ability and cold hardiness in tomato
physiological function
the enzyme regulates the activity of matrix metalloproteinase I, which is involved in tumor metastasis, by binding the cytoplasmic transmembrane tail peptide of matrix metalloproteinase I
physiological function
-
transgenic rice plants overexpressing isoform ARD4 exhibit root growth characteristics including faster radical emergence, more rapid elongation of primary roots, early initiation of crown/lateral roots, and higher root biomass than the non-transgenic plants
physiological function
-
one function of acireductone dioxygenases is to operate in the methionine salvage pathway. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 physically interacts with Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta, and acireductone dioxygenase enzymatic activity is stimulated by Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta in vitro. Overexpression of acireductone dioxygenase 1 suppresses the 2-day-old etiolated phenotype of agb1-2. Acireductone dioxygenase 1 and Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta both control embryonic hypocotyl length by modulating cell division. They also may contribute to the production of ethylene, a product of the methionine salvage pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta regulates acireductone dioxygenase 1 activity to control cell division, possible mechanism for Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta activation of acireductone dioxygenase 1 activity, overview
-
additional information
-
Fe2+-dependent acireductone dioxygenase passes through an additional split dioxygen intermediate and then proceeds through an epoxy-like transition state with a small activation energy to the two products, crystal structure analysis, structure modeling and molecular simulations of the Fe2+ and Ni2+ enzyme, cf. 1.13.11.53, QM-DMD domain, overview. The ability of Fe2+-dependent acireductone dioxygenase to stabilize an additional intermediate and thus produce the two products is due to the RedOx flexibility of the Fe2+ as compared to the more electron-rich Ni2+
additional information
identification of potential effectors in the Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta signaling pathway by an activation tagging approach to randomly create dominant suppressors of agb1-2, overview. Homology modeling of acireductone dioxygenase 1, overview
additional information
-
identification of potential effectors in the Arabidopsis thaliana G protein beta signaling pathway by an activation tagging approach to randomly create dominant suppressors of agb1-2, overview. Homology modeling of acireductone dioxygenase 1, overview
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Dai, Y.; Pochapsky, T.C.; Abeles, R.H.
Mechanistic studies of two dioxygenases in the methionine salvage pathway of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Biochemistry
40
6379-6387
2001
Klebsiella pneumoniae
brenda
Dai, Y.; Wensink, P.C.; Abeles, R.H.
One protein, two enzymes
J. Biol. Chem.
274
1193-1195
1999
Klebsiella oxytoca (Q9ZFE7)
brenda
Sauter, M.; Lorbiecke, R.; Ouyang, B.; Pochapsky, T.C.; Rzewuski, G.
The immediate-early ethylene response gene OsARD1 encodes an acireductone dioxygenase involved in recycling of the ethylene precursor S-adenosylmethionine
Plant J.
44
718-729
2005
Oryza sativa
brenda
Hirano, W.; Gotoh, I.; Uekita, T.; Seiki, M.
Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase cytoplasmic tail binding protein-1 (MTCBP-1) acts as an eukaryotic aci-reductone dioxygenase (ARD) in the methionine salvage pathway
Genes Cells
10
565-574
2005
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y700
brenda
Ju, T.; Goldsmith, R.B.; Chai, S.C.; Maroney, M.J.; Pochapsky, S.S.; Pochapsky, T.C.
One protein, two enzymes revisited: A structural entropy switch interconverts the two isoforms of acireductone dioxygenase
J. Mol. Biol.
363
823-834
2006
Mus musculus (Q99JT9)
brenda
Chai, S.C.; Ju, T.; Dang, M.; Beaulieu Goldsmith, R.; Maroney, M.J.; Pochapsky, T.C.
Characterization of metal binding in the active sites of acireductone dioxygenase isoforms from Klebsiella ATCC 8724
Biochemistry
47
2428-2438
2008
Klebsiella oxytoca (Q9ZFE7), Klebsiella oxytoca ATCC 8724 (Q9ZFE7)
brenda
Allpress, C.J.; Grubel, K.; Szajna-Fuller, E.; Arif, A.M.; Berreau, L.M.
Regioselective aliphatic carbon-carbon bond cleavage by a model system of relevance to iron-containing acireductone dioxygenase
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
135
659-668
2013
Klebsiella oxytoca
brenda
Friedman, E.; Wang, H.; Jiang, K.; Perovic, I.; Deshpande, A.; Pochapsky, T.; Temple, B.; Hicks, S.; Harden, T.; Jones, A.
Acireductone dioxygenase 1 (ARD1) is an effector of the heterotrimeric G protein beta subunit in Arabidopsis
J. Biol. Chem.
286
30107-30118
2011
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q0WSS4), Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 (Q0WSS4)
brenda
Deshpande, A.R.; Wagenpfeil, K.; Pochapsky, T.C.; Petsko, G.A.; Ringe, D.
Metal-dependent function of a mammalian acireductone dioxygenase
Biochemistry
55
1398-1407
2016
Mus musculus (Q99JT9)
brenda
Valdez, C.; Gallup, N.; Alexandrova, A.
Co2+ acireductone dioxygenase Fe2+ mechanism, Ni2+ mechanism, or something else?
Chem. Phys. Lett.
604
77-82
2014
Klebsiella oxytoca (Q9ZFE7)
-
brenda
Chang, M.L.; Huang, Y.H.; Cheng, J.C.; Yeh, C.T.
Interaction between hepatic membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and acireductone dioxygenase 1 regulates hepatitis C virus infection
J. Viral Hepat.
23
256-266
2016
Homo sapiens (Q9BV57)
brenda
Deshpande, A.R.; Pochapsky, T.C.; Petsko, G.A.; Ringe, D.
Dual chemistry catalyzed by human acireductone dioxygenase
Protein Eng. Des. Sel.
30
197-204
2017
Homo sapiens (Q9BV57)
brenda
Liu, X.; Garber, A.; Ryan, J.; Deshpande, A.; Ringe, D.; Pochapsky, T.C.
A model for the solution structure of human Fe(II)-bound acireductone dioxygenase and interactions with the regulatory domain of matrix metalloproteinase I (MMP-I)
Biochemistry
59
4238-4249
2020
Homo sapiens (Q9BV57), Homo sapiens
brenda
Quintero-Troconis, E.; Buelvas, N.; Carrasco-Lopez, C.; Domingo-Sananes, M.; Gonzalez-Gonzlez, L.; Ramirez-Molina, R.; Osorio, L.; Lobo-Rojas, A.; Caceres, A.; Michels, P.; Acosta, H.; Quinones, W.; Concepcion, J.
Enolase from Trypanosoma cruzi is inhibited by its interaction with metallocarboxypeptidase-1 and a putative acireductone dioxygenase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta Proteins Proteom.
1866
651-660
2018
Trypanosoma cruzi (A0A2V2XFM8 and A0A2V2VIR7)
brenda
Milaczewska, A.; Kot, E.; Amaya, J.; Makris, T.; Zaj?c, M.; Korecki, J.; Chumakov, A.; Trzewik, B.; Kedracka-Krok, S.; Minor, W.; Chruszcz, M.; Borowski, T.
On the structure and reaction mechanism of human acireductone dioxygenase
Chemistry
24
5225-5237
2018
Homo sapiens (Q9BV57)
brenda
Liang, S.; Xiong, W.; Yin, C.; Xie, X.; Jin, Y.J.; Zhang, S.; Yang, B.; Ye, G.; Chen, S.; Luan, W.J.
Overexpression of OsARD1 improves submergence, drought, and salt tolerances of seedling through the enhancement of ethylene synthesis in rice
Front. Plant Sci.
10
1088
2019
Oryza sativa Japonica Group
brenda
Guo, T.; Zhang, X.; Li, Y.; Liu, C.; Wang, N.; Jiang, Q.; Wu, J.; Ma, F.; Liu, C.
Overexpression of MdARD4 accelerates fruit ripening and increases cold hardiness in tomato
Int. J. Mol. Sci.
21
6182
2020
Malus domestica (A0A481SQ81)
brenda
Ramanathan, V.; Rahman, H.; Subramanian, S.; Nallathambi, J.; Kaliyaperumal, A.; Manickam, S.; Ranganathan, C.; Muthurajan, R.
OsARD4 encoding an acireductone dioxygenase improves root architecture in rice by promoting development of secondary roots
Sci. Rep.
8
15713
2018
Oryza sativa Indica Group
brenda