EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
    1.2.1.44 | evolution |
phylogenetic analysis shows that HcCCR1 is more closely related to HcCCR2 and Arabidopsis thaliana AtCCR proteins than CCR-like proteins. HcCCR1 and HcCCR2 are encoded onto two different genes |
-, 743161 |
| 1.2.1.44 | evolution |
the conserved motifs G-X-X-G-X-X-A and D-X-X-D are reported to be involved in NAD(P) binding and adenine binding pocket stabilization. In addition, the NADP specificity motif R(X)5K is identified, which is a key structure that distinguishes CCR from other NAD(H)-dependent SDRs. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of Populus tometosa CCRs, overview. Of the 11 PtoCCR and PtoCCR-like proteins, PtoCCR1 and 7 each catalyze at least one substrate. PtoCCR1 is active only with feruloyl-CoA as a substrate, while PtoCCR7 accepts all hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA esters |
743559 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
20 month-old trees transgenic trees with downregulated CCR enzymes show up to 161% increased ethanol yield from tissues including bark, generated from the lignocellulosic biomass, strong downregulation of CCR also affects biomass yield. Wood samples derived from the transgenic trees are more easily processed into ethanol than wild-type. The improved saccharification yield is due to a higher cellulose conversion and correlates with the abundance of ferulic acid markers |
743683 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
AtCCR2 expression is increased in Arabidopsis ccr1 mutant and function is partly compensated |
743848 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
BpCCR1 overexpression increases lignin content up to 14.6%, and its suppression decreases lignin content by 6.3%. Modification of BpCCR1 expression leads to conspicuous changes in wood characteristics, including xylem vessel number and arrangement, and secondary wall thickness. The growth of transgenic trees in terms of height is also significantly influenced by the modification of BpCCR1 genes. The secondary xylem microstructures of stems base is altered with thicker cell walls of xylem fibers, penotype, overview |
743427 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
Ccr1 knockout mutants exhibit a dramatic decrease in S lignin in vascular tissue |
726367 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
ccr1 mutants exhibits multiple abnormalities, including increased cell proliferation. The ccr1 phenotypes are not due to the reduced lignin content, but instead are due to the dramatically increased level of ferulic acid (FeA), an intermediate in lignin biosynthesis. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ccr1 are markedly reduced. Reduced ferulic acid levels in plants result in an increase in ROS levels and defective cell proliferation |
-, 743470 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
enzyme downregulation increases the biosynthesis of phenolic acids |
763691 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
enzyme knockdown transgenics display a decrease in root and anther lignin depositions. Isoform CCR14 knockdown transgenics display loss of lignification in their anthers |
763585 |
| 1.2.1.44 | malfunction |
in the ccr1 mutant, CCR1 gene expression is reduced to 31% of the residual wild type level leading to a decrease in lignin content and significant changes in lignin structure. 4-hydroxyphenyl units are strongly decreased and the syringyl/guaiacyl ratio is slightly increased. Down-regulation of CCR1 alters schlerenchymatic fibre morphology and cell wall structure. Moderate down-regulation of CCR1 significantly improves cell wall digestibility in maize |
725626 |
