EC Number   |
Natural Substrates |
|---|
    3.4.19.9 | folate + H2O |
- |
| 3.4.19.9 | folic acid pentaglutamate + H2O |
PteGlu5 |
| 3.4.19.9 | glutathione + H2O |
enzyme hydrolyses the physiological antioxidant glutathione, suggesting an involvement of the enzyme in the cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
GGH catalyzes degradation of the active polyglutamates of natural folates and the antifolate methotrexate |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
key enzyme in the metabolism of folic acid and the pharmacology of many antifolate drugs |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
the CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer is defined as concomitant and frequent hypermethylation of CpG islands within gene promoter regions, and is correlated with low expression levels of the enzyme in primary cancer cells, GGH is involved in the folate pathway and in the development and/or progression of this phenotype, CIMP+-related clinicopathological and molecular features, overview |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
the enzyme cleaves gamma-polyglutamate chains attached to folates and anti-folates after they enter mammalian cells, the enzyme plays an important role in folate homeostasis and confers resistance to anti-folates, especially methotrexate |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
the enzyme cleaves gamma-polyglutamate chains attached to folates and anti-folates after they enter mammalian cells, the enzyme plays an important role in folate homeostasis and confers resistance to anti-folates, especially methotrexate, the drugs are dependent on polyglutamylation for activity, overview |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
the enzyme specifically cleaves D- and L-polyglutamic acid, preferred to entirely of poly-D-glutamic acid, a component of the capsule produced by several strains of Bacillus subtilis, the enzyme has minimal activity in degrading Bacillus anthracis and to remove the capsule from the surface of bacilli, the poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid capsule, no effect on RAW264.7 murine macrophage phagocytosis, and only minimal enhancement of human host neutrophil killing |
| 3.4.19.9 | more |
folates typically have gamma-linked polyglutamyl tails that make them better enzyme substrates and worse transport substrates than the unglutamylated forms. The tail can be shortened or removed by the vacuolar enzyme gamma-glutamyl hydrolase |
