EC Number |
Natural Substrates |
---|
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate + H2O |
- |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate + H2O |
heparanase is a strict endo-beta-glucuronidase with no exolytic glucuronidase activity. The enzyme only cleaves the glycosidic bond in the middle of the substrate. Heparan sulfate is a polysaccharide that has the disaccharide repeating unit of glucuronic acid or iduronic acid and glucosamine. Certain parts of heparan sulfate are occupied by the repeating disaccharide of -GlcA-GlcNAc-, known as the lowly sulfated domain. Other parts of HS are dominated by the highly sulfated disaccharide repeating unit of GlcA-GlcNS3S6S-IdoA2SGlcNS6S-, known as highly sulfated domain, overview |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate proteoglycan + H2O |
- |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate proteoglycan + H2O |
heparanase 1 has multiple physiologic functions in the epidermis. It plays an important role in epidermal differentiation, possibly by modulating the liberation of heparan sulfate bound (growth) factors. In the stratum corneum, the endoglycosidase activity of heparanase 1 might be indispensable and represent the first step in the desquamation process and in Langerhans cells, its catalytic activity is required for the trans-tissue migration of these cells |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate proteoglycan + H2O |
heparanase cleaves the heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans from proteoglycan core proteins and degrades them to small oligosaccharides. Inside cells, the enzyme is important for the normal catabolism of heparan sulfate proteoglycans, generating glycosaminoglycan fragments that are then transported to lysosomes and completely degraded. When secreted, heparanase degrades basement membrane heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans at sites of injury or inflammation, allowing extravasion of immune cells into nonvascular spaces and releasing factors that regulate cell proliferation and angiogenesis. At physiological pH the enzyme binds to the extracellular matrix of cell surface heparan sulfate proteolycan but is inactive. When the pH is lowered, which could occur at sites of inflammation or matrix damage, the bound enzyme becomes active and cleaves the heparan sulfate proteoglycan it is bound to |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate proteoglycan + H2O |
role for heparanase-1 in tissue morphogenesis, regeneration and repair during embryonic development and in the adult. Heparanase-1 may contribute to these processes by its effects on remodelling of extracellular matrix, cell migration, adhesion and proliferation. Heparanase-1 contributes to tumour growth by supporting cell survival under stress conditions |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate proteoglycan + H2O |
the heparanase enzyme may play a role in cell migration occurring both at the very early stages of embryogenesis and later on in morphogenesis of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
3.2.1.166 | heparan sulfate proteolycan + H2O |
- |
3.2.1.166 | more |
heparanase is an endo-beta-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate and facilitates the passage of migrating cells through extracellular matrices, particularly basement membranes, as well as releasing heparan sulfate-bound growth factors from the extracellular matrices, whereby the released growth factors also aid wound healing and angiogenesis |
3.2.1.166 | more |
heparanase is an endo-beta-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate side chains of proteoglycans in basement membranes and the extracellular matrix |