3.1.4.53 3',5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase deficiency http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16213210&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D deficiency in the ryanodine-receptor complex promotes heart failure and arrhythmias. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 3',5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase deficiency http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19359377&form=6&db=m Reduced adiposity and high fat diet-induced adipose inflammation in mice deficient for phosphodiesterase 4B. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 3',5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase deficiency http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25457552&form=6&db=m Silencing phosphodiesterase 7B gene by lentiviral-shRNA interference attenuates neurodegeneration and motor deficits in hemiparkinsonian mice. ongoing research,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 3',5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase deficiency http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32264695&form=6&db=m Cardiac Overexpression of PDE4B Blunts ?-Adrenergic Response and Maladaptive Remodeling in Heart Failure. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31231579&form=6&db=m Novel GFP-fused protein probes for detecting phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate in the plasma membrane. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Acute Kidney Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32622666&form=6&db=m Rutaecarpine derivative Cpd-6c alleviates acute kidney injury by targeting PDE4B, a key enzyme mediating inflammation in cisplatin nephropathy. therapeutic application,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9490659&form=6&db=m Suppression of acute lung injury in mice by an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 4. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10806144&form=6&db=m Additive effects of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition on effects of rSP-C surfactant. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11907182&form=6&db=m The selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor RP 73-401 reduced matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and transforming growth factor-beta release during acute lung injury in mice: the role of the balance between Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12882446&form=6&db=m Therapeutic potential of a new phosphodiesterase inhibitor in acute lung injury. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 4,3,3,4 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15082290&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor prevents acute lung injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass in a rat model. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25019986&form=6&db=m Blockade of PDE4B limits lung vascular permeability and lung inflammation in LPS-induced acute lung injury. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26164036&form=6&db=m Passive targeting of phosphatiosomes increases rolipram delivery to the lungs for treatment of acute lung injury: An animal study. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28937238&form=6&db=m Effects of roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, on the lung functions in a saline lavage-induced model of acute lung injury. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Acute Lung Injury http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34383981&form=6&db=m Ablation of PDE4B protects from Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury in mice by ameliorating the cytostorm and associated hypothermia. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Adenocarcinoma, Follicular http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9003417&form=6&db=m Intracellular localization of the PDE4A cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase splice variant RD1 (RNPDE4A1A) in stably transfected human thyroid carcinoma FTC cell lines. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Adenoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11502813&form=6&db=m Relevant cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase isoforms in human pituitary: effect of Gs(alpha) mutations. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Adenoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27267386&form=6&db=m cAMP-specific PDE4 phosphodiesterases and AIP in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 4,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Adenoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29729370&form=6&db=m Reduced protein expression of the phosphodiesterases PDE4A4 and PDE4A8 in AIP mutation positive somatotroph adenomas. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 1,2,0 3.1.4.53 Adenoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30188895&form=6&db=m The conserved protective cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase function PDE4B is expressed in the adenoma and adjacent normal colonic epithelium of mammals and silenced in colorectal cancer. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Airway Obstruction http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12667182&form=6&db=m In vitro and ex vivo effects of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, rolipram, on thromboxane production in equine blood. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Alcoholic Neuropathy http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22993675&form=6&db=m Electrophysiological and behavioral changes by phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor in a rat model of alcoholic neuropathy. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,3,0 3.1.4.53 Alopecia Areata http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31625923&form=6&db=m Efficacy of the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, apremilast, in a patient with severe alopecia areata. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Alopecia Areata http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33084130&form=6&db=m Development of alopecia areata during phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor treatment for psoriasis: A case report. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=20223232&form=6&db=m Etazolate improves performance in a foraging and homing task in aged rats. causal interaction,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23582662&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 7 inhibitor reduced cognitive impairment and pathological hallmarks in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24067928&form=6&db=m Improvement of spatial memory function in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice after chronic inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 4D. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25371167&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) molecular pharmacology and Alzheimer's disease. causal interaction,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28065587&form=6&db=m FFPM, a PDE4 inhibitor, reverses learning and memory deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling and anti-inflammatory effects. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29885420&form=6&db=m Sub-efficacious doses of phosphodiesterase 4 and 5 inhibitors improve memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,3,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30567342&form=6&db=m Inverse Molecular Docking as a Novel Approach to Study Anticarcinogenic and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Curcumin. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31281020&form=6&db=m Dual functional cholinesterase and PDE4D inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Design, synthesis and evaluation of tacrine-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine hybrids. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31861093&form=6&db=m A Hypothesis and Evidence That Mercury May be an Etiological Factor in Alzheimer's Disease. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32645141&form=6&db=m The phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor roflumilast, a potential treatment for the comorbidity of memory loss and depression in Alzheimer's disease: a preclinical study in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32849849&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D Gene Modifies the Functional Network of Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 4,2,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33157432&form=6&db=m Increased isoform-specific phosphodiesterase 4D expression is associated with pathology and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Alzheimer Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34539384&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase-4D Knockdown in the Prefrontal Cortex Alleviates Memory Deficits and Synaptic Failure in Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. causal interaction,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Amnesia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9085037&form=6&db=m Ameliorating effects of rolipram on experimentally induced impairments of learning and memory in rodents. ongoing research,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Amnesia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18619476&form=6&db=m Amelioration of recognition memory impairment associated with iron loading or aging by the type 4-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram in rats. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Anaphylaxis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10468051&form=6&db=m An isoenzyme-selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 and 1, KF19514, may be useful in the treatment of systemic anaphylaxis: an in vivo study in rabbits. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Anhedonia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9880581&form=6&db=m Chronic antidepressant administration increases the expression of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 4A and 4B isoforms. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33809405&form=6&db=m Rolipram Prevents the Formation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) in Mice: PDE4B as a Target in AAA. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,2,0 3.1.4.53 Apnea http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16581183&form=6&db=m Reversal by phosphodiesterase-4 blockers of in vitro apnea in the isolated brainstem-spinal cord preparation from newborn rats. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,0 3.1.4.53 Arrhythmias, Cardiac http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22497081&form=6&db=m [Animal in vivo model of arrhythmia for genes target identification for 5-amino-exo-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decan-4-one]. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Arthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10884526&form=6&db=m Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor rolipram in a rat model of arthritis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24241037&form=6&db=m Efficacy and gastrointestinal tolerability of ML3403, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase and CBS-3595, a dual inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase and phosphodiesterase 4 in CFA-induced arthritis in rats. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26000303&form=6&db=m Ciclamilast ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in a rat model. ongoing research,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28499587&form=6&db=m The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast inhibits Th1 but promotes Th17 responses induced by 6-sulfo LacNAc (slan) dendritic cells. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31035240&form=6&db=m InCl3 mediated heteroarylation of indoles and their derivatization via CH activation strategy: Discovery of 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-quinoxaline derivatives as a new class of PDE4B selective inhibitors for arthritis and/or multiple sclerosis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31865449&form=6&db=m Psoriatic Arthritis: Newer and Older Therapies. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Experimental http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17250824&form=6&db=m Amelioration of collagen-induced arthritis in mice by a novel phosphodiesterase 7 and 4 dual inhibitor, YM-393059. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Juvenile http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9045753&form=6&db=m The autonomic nervous system and the immune system in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. causal interaction,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22729895&form=6&db=m Oral apremilast in the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis: Results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23580094&form=6&db=m Therapeutic strategies in psoriasis patients with psoriatic arthritis: focus on new agents. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23888251&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition in the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and other chronic inflammatory diseases. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24595547&form=6&db=m Treatment of psoriatic arthritis in a phase 3 randomised, placebo-controlled trial with apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24882690&form=6&db=m Apremilast is a selective PDE4 inhibitor with regulatory effects on innate immunity. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25424050&form=6&db=m Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE 4): A new therapeutic option in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic arthritis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25593233&form=6&db=m Longterm (52-week) Results of a Phase III Randomized, Controlled Trial of Apremilast in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25973439&form=6&db=m The pharmacodynamic impact of apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with psoriatic arthritis: substudy results from a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (PALACE 1). ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26220911&form=6&db=m Apremilast: A Review in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26792812&form=6&db=m Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in patients with psoriatic arthritis and current skin involvement: a phase III, randomised, controlled trial (PALACE 3). ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26807876&form=6&db=m Emerging drugs for psoriatic arthritis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27200801&form=6&db=m Work Productivity Improvement Associated With Apremilast, An Oral Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis Results Of A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27307707&form=6&db=m Apremilast in the therapy of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27538241&form=6&db=m Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, improves patient-reported outcomes in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: Results of two phase III randomized, controlled trials. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27747762&form=6&db=m Apremilast: A Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28638635&form=6&db=m Crystal structure of an apremilast ethanol hemisolvate hemihydrate solvatomorph. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29226622&form=6&db=m PDE4 inhibitor rolipram inhibits the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 by a mechanism dependent on MAP kinase phosphatase-1. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30018799&form=6&db=m Therapeutic benefit of apremilast on enthesitis and dactylitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a pooled analysis of the PALACE 1-3 studies. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30181004&form=6&db=m Altered expression of microRNA-23a in psoriatic arthritis modulates synovial fibroblast pro-inflammatory mechanisms via phosphodiesterase 4B. ongoing research,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30229640&form=6&db=m Skin involvement in patients with psoriatic arthritis: preliminary results of treatment with apremilast in real world setting. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30626658&form=6&db=m Association of synovial tissue polyfunctional T-cells with DAPSA in psoriatic arthritis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30709830&form=6&db=m Complete resolution of erythrodermic psoriasis with first-line apremilast monotherapy. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30775293&form=6&db=m Apremilast in Psoriasis and Beyond: Big Hopes on a Small Molecule. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30833991&form=6&db=m IL-12/IL-23p40 identified as a downstream target of apremilast in ex vivo models of arthritis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30935262&form=6&db=m Off-label studies on apremilast in dermatology: a review. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30937481&form=6&db=m [Gastrointestinal side effects of apremilast : Characterization and management]. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31025500&form=6&db=m Nails as immune-privileged sites: A case of disabling Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau successfully treated with Apremilast. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31180150&form=6&db=m Drug survival of apremilast in a real-world setting. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31728104&form=6&db=m Apremilast in Refractory Alopecia Areata. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31953524&form=6&db=m Large-scale Analyses of Disease Biomarkers and Apremilast Pharmacodynamic Effects. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31981290&form=6&db=m Refractory palmoplantar pustulosis succesfully treated with apremilast. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32000436&form=6&db=m Apremilast for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa associated with psoriatic arthritis in multimorbid patients: Case report and review of literature. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32057269&form=6&db=m Targeted synthetic pharmacotherapy for psoriatic arthritis: state of the art. ongoing research,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32435143&form=6&db=m Genotoxic potential of a novel PDE-4B inhibitor Apremilast by chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay in mice. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32545946&form=6&db=m Apremilast for psoriasis treatment. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32835467&form=6&db=m Psoriatic arthritis treatment patterns and costs among pharmacologic treatment-naïve patients. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33165422&form=6&db=m Real-World Insight on Apremilast Therapy in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis: Indian Experience. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33193430&form=6&db=m Impact of Janus Kinase Inhibition on the Treatment of Axial Spondyloarthropathies. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33371334&form=6&db=m Apremilast Microemulsion as Topical Therapy for Local Inflammation: Design, Characterization and Efficacy Evaluation. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33807944&form=6&db=m Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase-4 in Psoriatic Arthritis and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33826130&form=6&db=m The Protective Effects of Apremilast Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion (OGD/R)-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Astroglia Mediated by CREB/BDNF. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34036627&form=6&db=m Effectiveness and safety of apremilast in biologic-naïve patients with moderate psoriasis treated in routine clinical practice in Greece: the APRAISAL study. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34077577&form=6&db=m A multicentre open-label study of apremilast in palmoplantar pustulosis (APLANTUS). causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34123617&form=6&db=m Apremilast in the Management of Disseminated Granuloma Annulare. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34237378&form=6&db=m Nonclinical genotoxicity and carcinogenicity profile of apremilast, an oral selective inhibitor of PDE4. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34394938&form=6&db=m Apremilast monotherapy for palmoplantar pustulosis: Report of three cases. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Psoriatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34430450&form=6&db=m The Use of Apremilast in Psoriasis: An Indian Perspective on Real-World Scenarios. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9844866&form=6&db=m [3',5'-cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the combined treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis] causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10419856&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as novel anti-inflammatory agents. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17020529&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 7A: a new therapeutic target for alleviating chronic inflammation? causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17714033&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and inflammatory bowel disease: emerging therapies in inflammatory bowel disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22313294&form=6&db=m 3D-QSAR of novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors by genetic function approximation. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24378059&form=6&db=m [Effect of selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors on nuclear factor kappa B, tumor necrosis factor-? and interleukin-8 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease]. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 1,3,1,2 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25779750&form=6&db=m Apremilast in Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Arthritis, Rheumatoid http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26000303&form=6&db=m Ciclamilast ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in a rat model. ongoing research,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=8820246&form=6&db=m Inhibition of antigen-induced pulmonary eosinophilia and neutrophilia by selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase types 3 or 4 in Brown Norway rats. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=8885699&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 and tolerance to beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists in asthma. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9756183&form=6&db=m The role of theophylline and phosphodiesterase4 isoenzyme inhibitors as anti-inflammatory drugs. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10373396&form=6&db=m Ariflo (SB 207499), a second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for the treatment of asthma and COPD: from concept to clinic. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10419856&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as novel anti-inflammatory agents. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10455321&form=6&db=m Bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activities of glaucine: In vitro studies in human airway smooth muscle and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10616299&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10730545&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and the treatment of asthma: where are we now and where do we go from here? causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10844113&form=6&db=m Effects of inhaled glaucine on pulmonary responses to antigen in sensitized guinea pigs. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10889326&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, structurally unrelated to rolipram, as promising agents for the treatment of asthma and other pathologies. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11590377&form=6&db=m The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11772257&form=6&db=m Cilomilast: a second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11865966&form=6&db=m The new phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast is efficacious in exercise-induced asthma and leads to suppression of LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha ex vivo. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11919652&form=6&db=m Airway relaxant and anti-inflammatory properties of a PDE4 inhibitor with low affinity for the high-affinity rolipram binding site. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11964752&form=6&db=m Selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12388353&form=6&db=m Ubiquitous expression of phosphodiesterase 7A in human proinflammatory and immune cells. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 3,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12493339&form=6&db=m Cilomilast (Ariflo) does not potentiate the cardiovascular effects of inhaled salbutamol. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=14531240&form=6&db=m Current and emerging therapies for the management of chronic inflammation in asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=14580925&form=6&db=m Efficacy of the novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor BAY 19-8004 on lung function and airway inflammation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 4,2,2,4 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=14983971&form=6&db=m The potential of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of depression: opportunities and challenges. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15003452&form=6&db=m Crystal structures of the catalytic domain of phosphodiesterase 4B complexed with AMP, 8-Br-AMP, and rolipram. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15204971&form=6&db=m The toxicity of SCH 351591, a novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in Cynomolgus monkeys. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15244499&form=6&db=m New advances and potential therapies for the treatment of asthma. therapeutic application,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15569475&form=6&db=m Effects of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor on cough response in guinea pigs sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15639300&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15665325&form=6&db=m Upregulation of phosphodiesterase-4 in the lung of allergic rats. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15681504&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition decreases MUC5AC expression induced by epidermal growth factor in human airway epithelial cells. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15907909&form=6&db=m Life after PDE4: overcoming adverse events with dual-specificity phosphodiesterase inhibitors. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15912967&form=6&db=m CC-10004 . causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16171872&form=6&db=m Novel signal transduction modulators for the treatment of airway diseases. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16257997&form=6&db=m Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 amplifies cytokine-dependent induction of arginase in macrophages. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16312147&form=6&db=m Practical enantioselective process for a chiral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16364159&form=6&db=m Comparison of roflumilast, an oral anti-inflammatory, with beclomethasone dipropionate in the treatment of persistent asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16470317&form=6&db=m Protective effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on lung function and remodeling in a murine model of chronic asthma. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16729775&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitors for asthma: a real breakthrough or just expensive theophylline? therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16729780&form=6&db=m Efficacy and safety of roflumilast in the treatment of asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16735669&form=6&db=m The potential role of roflumilast: the new phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16954654&form=6&db=m Roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, reduces airway hyperresponsiveness after allergen challenge. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17020529&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 7A: a new therapeutic target for alleviating chronic inflammation? causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17168849&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and COPD. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17176624&form=6&db=m Roflumilast, a once-daily oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, lacks relevant pharmacokinetic interactions with inhaled salbutamol when co-administered in healthy subjects. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17192499&form=6&db=m Dose-proportional intraindividual single- and repeated-dose pharmacokinetics of roflumilast, an oral, once-daily phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor. therapeutic application,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17610865&form=6&db=m Effect of inhaled roflumilast on the prevention and resolution of allergen-induced late phase airflow obstruction in Brown Norway rats. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17714033&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and inflammatory bowel disease: emerging therapies in inflammatory bowel disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18094015&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition attenuates pulmonary inflammation in neonatal lung injury. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18307529&form=6&db=m Suppression of cytokine expression by roflumilast and dexamethasone in a model of chronic asthma. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18348140&form=6&db=m Production and characterization of pharmacologically active recombinant human phosphodiesterase 4B in Dictyostelium discoideum. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18508947&form=6&db=m Single-dose pharmacokinetics of roflumilast in children and adolescents. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18686943&form=6&db=m Recent advances on phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19128237&form=6&db=m Subtype selectivity in phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4): a bottleneck in rational drug design. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19135348&form=6&db=m Randomized, placebo-controlled study of a selective PDE4 inhibitor in the treatment of asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19318692&form=6&db=m The targeted oral, once-daily phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast and the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast do not exhibit significant pharmacokinetic interactions. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19321962&form=6&db=m Pharmacology of a novel, orally active PDE4 inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19390238&form=6&db=m Effects of KF19514, a Phosphodiesterase 4 and 1 Inhibitor, on Bronchial Inflammation and Remodeling in a Murine Model of Chronic Asthma. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19426955&form=6&db=m Genome-wide association analysis identifies PDE4D as an asthma-susceptibility gene. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19667533&form=6&db=m Treating asthma in the new millennium. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=20193079&form=6&db=m The inhaled phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor GSK256066 reduces allergen challenge responses in asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=20816195&form=6&db=m Analyses of shared genetic factors between asthma and obesity in children. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=21047676&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4B is essential for T(h)2-cell function and development of airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=21128899&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease: a comprehensive review. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=21871695&form=6&db=m Synthesis and biological activity of pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as novel and potent phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitors. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22101762&form=6&db=m ?2-Agonists upregulate PDE4 mRNA but not protein or activity in human airway smooth muscle cells from asthmatic and nonasthmatic volunteers. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22313294&form=6&db=m 3D-QSAR of novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors by genetic function approximation. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22483586&form=6&db=m Moracin M from Morus alba L. is a natural phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23046662&form=6&db=m A comparison of antiasthma drugs between acute and chronic ovalbumin-challenged guinea-pig models of asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24328835&form=6&db=m Selaginpulvilins A-D, new phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors with an unprecedented skeleton from Selaginella pulvinata. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24594242&form=6&db=m Natural phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors from Crotalaria ferruginea. therapeutic application,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24597921&form=6&db=m Prenylated Coumarins: Natural Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors from Toddalia asiatica. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24931801&form=6&db=m Determination of ASP3258, a novel phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor, in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and its application to pharmacokinetic study. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25075977&form=6&db=m Prostaglandin Derivatives: Nonaromatic Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors from the Soft Coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25277346&form=6&db=m Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of novel phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor ASP3258 in rats. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25351474&form=6&db=m The effect of the novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor MEM 1414 on the allergen induced responses in mild asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25687765&form=6&db=m Structure based virtual screening to identify selective phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitors. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25742624&form=6&db=m Constitutively Active Signaling by the G Protein ??-Subunit Mediates Intrinsically Increased Phosphodiesterase-4 Activity in Human Asthmatic Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,1,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26343937&form=6&db=m Therapeutic approaches to asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndromes. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26549702&form=6&db=m Identification and Characterization of Baicalin as a Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26909542&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors Attenuate the Asthma Phenotype Produced by ?2-Adrenoceptor Agonists in Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase-Knockout Mice. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26915674&form=6&db=m Roflumilast combined with montelukast versus montelukast alone as add-on treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26978121&form=6&db=m Discovery and modelling studies of natural ingredients from Gaultheria yunnanensis (FRANCH.) against phosphodiesterase-4. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27033007&form=6&db=m Surface plasmon resonance biosensor assay for the analysis of small-molecule inhibitor binding to human and parasitic phosphodiesterases. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27534118&form=6&db=m A Novel Heterodimer from Crotalaria ferruginea. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27608741&form=6&db=m Structure Based Design of Selective Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibitors Based on Ginger Phenolic Compounds. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27709636&form=6&db=m PTTG1IP and MAML3, novel genomewide association study genes for severity of hyperresponsiveness in adult asthma. causal interaction,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27933955&form=6&db=m Biphenyl Pyridazinone Derivatives as Inhaled PDE4 Inhibitors: Structural Biology and Structure-Activity Relationships. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28432317&form=6&db=m Psiguajadials A-K: Unusual Psidium Meroterpenoids as Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors from the Leaves of Psidium guajava. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29201082&form=6&db=m Pharmacophore Based Virtual Screening Approach to Identify Selective PDE4B Inhibitors. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29291443&form=6&db=m Prenylated flavonoids as potent phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors from Morus alba: Isolation, modification, and structure-activity relationship study. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29501013&form=6&db=m (P)/(M)-corinepalensin A, a pair of axially chiral prenylated bicoumarin enantiomers with a rare C-5C-5' linkage from the twigs of Coriaria nepalensis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29502338&form=6&db=m Efficacy and safety of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors in patients with asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29934047&form=6&db=m Anti-inflammatory effects of the phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor CHF6001 on bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes from asthma patients. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29958422&form=6&db=m Lysoquinone-TH1, a New Polyphenolic Tridecaketide Produced by Expressing the Lysolipin Minimal PKS II in Streptomyces albus. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,2,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30122895&form=6&db=m Pharmacological mechanism of roflumilast in the treatment of asthma-COPD overlap. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30722707&form=6&db=m An evaluation of roflumilast and PDE4 inhibitors with a focus on the treatment of asthma. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32552529&form=6&db=m Investigating the role of N-terminal domain in phosphodiesterase 4B-inhibition by molecular dynamics simulation. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32717478&form=6&db=m Discovery of sulfonyl hydrazone derivative as a new selective PDE4A and PDE4D inhibitor by lead-optimization approach on the prototype LASSBio-448: In vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32875977&form=6&db=m Electrochemical Behavior and Square-Wave Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Roflumilast in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32984588&form=6&db=m Docking based screening and molecular dynamics simulations to identify potential selective PDE4B inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Asthma, Exercise-Induced http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11865966&form=6&db=m The new phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast is efficacious in exercise-induced asthma and leads to suppression of LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha ex vivo. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Atherosclerosis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=14517540&form=6&db=m The gene encoding phosphodiesterase 4D confers risk of ischemic stroke. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Atherosclerosis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22045424&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 D gene polymorphism in relation to intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis in ischemic stroke. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 4,2,0 3.1.4.53 Atherosclerosis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23863764&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D Single Nucleotide Polymorphism 83 and Cognitive Dysfunction in Carotid Endarterectomy Patients. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Atherosclerosis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33755782&form=6&db=m Associations between SNP83 of phosphodiesterase 4D gene and carotid atherosclerosis in a southern Chinese Han population: a case-control study. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 1,2,2,1 3.1.4.53 Autoimmune Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10623864&form=6&db=m Therapeutic potential of phosphodiesterase-4 and -3 inhibitors in Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Autoimmune Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33022582&form=6&db=m New imidazopyridines with phosphodiesterase 4 and 7 inhibitory activity and their efficacy in animal models of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,2,0 3.1.4.53 Axial Spondyloarthritis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23514983&form=6&db=m Axial spondyloarthritis: is there a treatment of choice? causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Behcet Syndrome http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34077577&form=6&db=m A multicentre open-label study of apremilast in palmoplantar pustulosis (APLANTUS). causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Behcet Syndrome http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34123617&form=6&db=m Apremilast in the Management of Disseminated Granuloma Annulare. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Bone Diseases, Metabolic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10361888&form=6&db=m Effects of XT-44, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in osteoblastgenesis and osteoclastgenesis in culture and its therapeutic effects in rat osteopenia models. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bone Resorption http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17627081&form=6&db=m Rolipram, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, prevented cancellous and cortical bone loss by inhibiting endosteal bone resorption and maintaining the elevated periosteal bone formation in adult ovariectomized rats. therapeutic application,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15961054&form=6&db=m Quantification of brain phosphodiesterase 4 in rat with (R)-[11C]Rolipram-PET. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Brain Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31013090&form=6&db=m Design and Synthesis of Selective Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) Allosteric Inhibitors for the Treatment of Fragile X Syndrome and Other Brain Disorders. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Edema http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=6095856&form=6&db=m Decreased adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity in rat brain following triethyltin intoxication. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19096137&form=6&db=m Improved sensorimotor function by rolipram following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,2,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22535545&form=6&db=m Postinjury treatment with rolipram increases hemorrhage after traumatic brain injury. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,2,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24437940&form=6&db=m Crosstalk between Phosphodiesterase 7 and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3: Two Relevant Therapeutic Targets for Neurological Disorders. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28542295&form=6&db=m Therapeutic benefits of phosphodiesterase 4B inhibition after traumatic brain injury. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29710495&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition confers a neuroprotective efficacy against early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by attenuating neuronal apoptosis through the SIRT1/Akt pathway. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries, Traumatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27383587&form=6&db=m Chronic Cognitive Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury Is Improved with a Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries, Traumatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27852768&form=6&db=m Tumor Necrosis Factor ? as a Potential Mediator of the Effects of Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibition on Cognition after Traumatic Brain Injury. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Injuries, Traumatic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28542295&form=6&db=m Therapeutic benefits of phosphodiesterase 4B inhibition after traumatic brain injury. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Ischemia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31639651&form=6&db=m Inhibition of PDE4 protects neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Ischemia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33340424&form=6&db=m Roflumilast protects against spatial memory impairments and exerts anti-inflammatory effects after transient global cerebral ischemia. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Ischemia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33359910&form=6&db=m Roflumilast prevents ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage by restricting GSK3?-mediated oxidative stress and IRE1?/TRAF2/JNK pathway. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19047098&form=6&db=m Targeted inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase-4 promotes brain tumor regression. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 4,3,4,1 3.1.4.53 Brain Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19406836&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition and brain tumor growth. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Brain Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24649161&form=6&db=m Targeted activation of PKA and Epac promotes glioblastoma regression in vitro. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Breast Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17906697&form=6&db=m Phosphorylation of nm23-H1 by CKI induces its complex formation with h-prune and promotes cell motility. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Breast Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30209363&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 7B/microRNA-200c relationship regulates triple-negative breast cancer cell growth. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchial Spasm http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=8818343&form=6&db=m Inhibition of bronchospasm and ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in the guinea-pig by CDP840, a novel phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchiolitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11704479&form=6&db=m Anti-proliferative properties of the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor rolipram can supplement immunosuppressive effects of cyclosporine for treatment of obliterative bronchiolitis in heterotopic rat allografts. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=20689641&form=6&db=m Roflumilast: first phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor approved for treatment of COPD. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22284994&form=6&db=m Roflumilast: a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor for the treatment of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22723325&form=6&db=m Effect of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast on glucose metabolism in patients with treatment-naive, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23392624&form=6&db=m Cost-effectiveness of roflumilast as an add-on treatment to long-acting bronchodilators in the treatment of COPD associated with chronic bronchitis in the United Kingdom. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23818799&form=6&db=m The clinical and economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24106801&form=6&db=m Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator activation by roflumilast contributes to therapeutic benefit in chronic bronchitis. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24152603&form=6&db=m Application of population pharmacokinetic modeling to explore the impact of alternative roflumilast dosing regimens on tolerability. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24810285&form=6&db=m Cyclic nucleotide-based therapeutics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. therapeutic application,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27189287&form=6&db=m Efficacy and Safety of Roflumilast in Korean Patients with COPD. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27574416&form=6&db=m Effects of roflumilast in COPD patients receiving inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting ?2-agonist fixed-dose combination: RE(2)SPOND rationale and study design. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27606039&form=6&db=m Benefits of Early Roflumilast Treatment After Hospital or Emergency Department Discharge for a COPD Exacerbation. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28201975&form=6&db=m Selective inhibition of phosphodiesterases 4A, B, C and D isoforms in chronic respiratory diseases: current and future evidences. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28923049&form=6&db=m Roflumilast reverses CFTR-mediated ion transport dysfunction in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 3,3,0 3.1.4.53 Bronchitis, Chronic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29926552&form=6&db=m Incidence of Adverse Effects and Discontinuation Rate between Patients Receiving 250 Micrograms and 500 Micrograms of Roflumilast: A Comparative Study. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinogenesis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16740699&form=6&db=m Developmental exposure to estradiol and bisphenol A increases susceptibility to prostate carcinogenesis and epigenetically regulates phosphodiesterase type 4 variant 4. causal interaction,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinogenesis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19306867&form=6&db=m Effect of phosphodiesterase antagonists on glucocorticoid mediated growth inhibition in murine skin cell lines. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinogenesis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27267386&form=6&db=m cAMP-specific PDE4 phosphodiesterases and AIP in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 4,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11992633&form=6&db=m 7-Benzylamino-6-chloro-2-piperazino-4-pyrrolidino-pteridine, a potent inhibitor of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase, enhancing nuclear protein binding to the CRE consensus sequence in human tumour cells. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25149359&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D inhibitors limit prostate cancer growth potential. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30809467&form=6&db=m PDE4 and Epac1 Synergistically Promote Rectal Carcinoma via the cAMP Pathway. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31287204&form=6&db=m Triazole-Pyridine Dicarbonitrile Targets Phosphodiesterase 4 to Induce Cytotoxicity in Lung Carcinoma Cells. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 1,1,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32765073&form=6&db=m Identification of PDE7B as a Potential Core Gene Involved in the Metastasis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,2,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma, Hepatocellular http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=199292&form=6&db=m [Concentration and metabolism of cyclic AMP during the early stages of hepatoma 22a growth] ongoing research,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma, Hepatocellular http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34062786&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D Depletion/Inhibition Exerts Anti-Oncogenic Properties in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,1,0 3.1.4.53 Carcinoma, Renal Cell http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32765073&form=6&db=m Identification of PDE7B as a Potential Core Gene Involved in the Metastasis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,2,0 3.1.4.53 Cardiomegaly http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16809066&form=6&db=m AKAP signaling complexes: getting to the heart of the matter. therapeutic application,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30900165&form=6&db=m Epigenetic regulation of phosphodiesterase 4d in restrictive cardiomyopathy mice with cTnI mutations. causal interaction,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Cardiovascular Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28836502&form=6&db=m Inhibition of PDE4 by low doses of rolipram induces changes in lipid and protein components of mice heart. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Cardiovascular Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29783161&form=6&db=m Candidate gene analysis in the São Paulo Epidemiologic Sleep Study (EPISONO) shows an association of variant in PDE4D and sleepiness. causal interaction,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Carotid Artery Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15802632&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D gene, ischemic stroke, and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,2,1,0 3.1.4.53 Carotid Artery Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=20540798&form=6&db=m Sex-differential genetic effect of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) on carotid atherosclerosis. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 2,2,2,1 3.1.4.53 Carotid Artery Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33755782&form=6&db=m Associations between SNP83 of phosphodiesterase 4D gene and carotid atherosclerosis in a southern Chinese Han population: a case-control study. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 1,2,2,1 3.1.4.53 Carotid Artery Thrombosis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22945770&form=6&db=m Ibudilast, a Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, in Combination with Low-dose Aspirin Potently Inhibits Guinea Pig Carotid Artery Thrombosis without Extending Bleeding Time and Causing Gastric Mucosal Injury. therapeutic application,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Central Nervous System Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29155261&form=6&db=m The phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, FCPR16, attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Central Nervous System Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31704172&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase Type 4 Inhibition in CNS Diseases. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,3,0 3.1.4.53 Cerebral Infarction http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16835261&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D polymorphisms and the risk of cerebral infarction in a biracial population: the Stroke Prevention in Young Women Study. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Cerebral Infarction http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24348782&form=6&db=m Correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of the human phosphodiesterase 4D gene and the risk of cerebral infarction in the Uygur and Han ethnic groups of Xinjiang, China. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Cerebral Infarction http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28587358&form=6&db=m A meta-analysis of PDE-gene polymorphism and cerebral infarction risk. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Cerebrovascular Disorders http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17655870&form=6&db=m PDE4D and ALOX5AP genetic variants and risk for Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease in Sweden. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Cerebrovascular Disorders http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26004910&form=6&db=m Association between PDE4D gene and ischemic stroke: recent advancements. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Cholera http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=1338391&form=6&db=m Decreased phosphodiesterase activity in cholera toxin-induced hypersecretion in suckling rats. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Cholera http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=1690715&form=6&db=m Cyclic AMP responses are suppressed in mammalian cells expressing the yeast low Km cAMP-phosphodiesterase gene. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Cholera http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=2156832&form=6&db=m Characterization of the yeast low Km cAMP-phosphodiesterase with cAMP analogues. Applications in mammalian cells that express the yeast PDE2 gene. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Cholestasis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15763547&form=6&db=m Silibinin prevents cholestasis-associated retrieval of the bile salt export pump, Bsep, in isolated rat hepatocyte couplets: possible involvement of cAMP. therapeutic application,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Chorioamnionitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22160266&form=6&db=m Antenatal phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition restores postnatal growth and pulmonary development in a model of chorioamnionitis in rabbits. ongoing research,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Chorioamnionitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31573405&form=6&db=m Detrimental Effects of an Inhaled Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor on Lung Inflammation in Ventilated Preterm Lambs Exposed to Chorioamnionitis Are Dose Dependent. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16254133&form=6&db=m Selective Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase-4 Ameliorates Chronic Colitis and Prevents Intestinal Fibrosis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Colitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23468885&form=6&db=m The Selective Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor Roflumilast and Phosphodiesterase 3/4 Inhibitor Pumafentrine Reduce Clinical Score and TNF Expression in Experimental Colitis in Mice. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colitis, Ulcerative http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15906198&form=6&db=m Tetomilast. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colitis, Ulcerative http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30883697&form=6&db=m Inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 attenuates murine ulcerative colitis through interference with mucosal immunity. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,0 3.1.4.53 Colitis, Ulcerative http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31926340&form=6&db=m Effects of Apremilast, an Oral Inhibitor of Phosphodiesterase 4, in a Randomized Trial of Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colitis, Ulcerative http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32109638&form=6&db=m Effects of Apremilast, an Oral Inhibitor of Phosphodiesterase 4, in a Randomized Trial of Patients with Active Ulcerative Colitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colonic Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17545604&form=6&db=m Chemoresistant KM12C colon cancer cells are addicted to low cyclic AMP levels in a phosphodiesterase 4-regulated compartment via effects on phosphoinositide 3-kinase. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,3,0 3.1.4.53 Colonic Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30188895&form=6&db=m The conserved protective cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase function PDE4B is expressed in the adenoma and adjacent normal colonic epithelium of mammals and silenced in colorectal cancer. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Colonic Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31966816&form=6&db=m MiR-23b inhibits cell migration and invasion through targeting PDE7A in colon cancer cells. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application 4,4,4,1 3.1.4.53 Colorectal Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25075098&form=6&db=m Resveratrol induces luminal apoptosis of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells in three-dimensional culture. ongoing research,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Colorectal Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27927168&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterases in non-neoplastic appearing colonic mucosa from patients with colorectal neoplasia. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colorectal Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30188895&form=6&db=m The conserved protective cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase function PDE4B is expressed in the adenoma and adjacent normal colonic epithelium of mammals and silenced in colorectal cancer. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Colorectal Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30528730&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4B is an effective therapeutic target in colorectal cancer. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Colorectal Neoplasms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30867802&form=6&db=m Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4D decreases the malignant properties of DLD-1 colorectal cancer cells by repressing the AKT/mTOR/Myc signaling pathway. ongoing research,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Coronary Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28027554&form=6&db=m Features of coronary heart disease development in emergency workers of the Chornobyl accident depending on the action of radiation and non radiation risk factors and genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphism rs966221 of phosphodiesterase 4D gene. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,2,1,0 3.1.4.53 Coronary Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28027560&form=6&db=m Structural and functional state of heart left ventricle depending on polymorphism rs966221 phosphodiesterase 4D gene in emergency workers of the Chornobyl NPP suffering from coronary heart disease. ongoing research,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Coronary Disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30582852&form=6&db=m GENDER DISPARITIES OF CIRCULATORY DISEASE PROGRESS IN THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT CLEAN-UP WORKERS AND PHOSPHODIESTERASE 4D GENE rs966221 POLYMORPHISM. ongoing research,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Cough http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=15569475&form=6&db=m Effects of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor on cough response in guinea pigs sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Cough http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27279341&form=6&db=m Drug safety evaluation of roflumilast for the treatment of COPD: a meta-analysis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 COVID-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32497535&form=6&db=m Commentary: Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as potential adjunct treatment targeting the cytokine storm in COVID-19. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 COVID-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32574572&form=6&db=m Letter to the editor: Immunomodulation by phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor in COVID-19 patients. therapeutic application,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 COVID-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33259924&form=6&db=m Scope of adjuvant therapy using roflumilast, a PDE-4 inhibitor against COVID-19. therapeutic application,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 COVID-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33515531&form=6&db=m PDE4 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for improvement of pulmonary dysfunctions in Covid-19 and cigarette smoking. causal interaction,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 COVID-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33992926&form=6&db=m PdCl2-catalyzed synthesis of a new class of isocoumarin derivatives containing aminosulfonyl / aminocarboxamide moiety: First identification of a isocoumarin based PDE4 inhibitor. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Cryptorchidism http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11369582&form=6&db=m Surgically induced cryptorchidism-related degenerative changes in spermatogonia are associated with loss of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent phosphodiesterases type 4 in abdominal testes of rats. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,unassigned 3,1,0 3.1.4.53 Cryptorchidism http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25546171&form=6&db=m Expression of Phosphodiesterase 4B cAMP-Specific Gene in Subjects With Cryptorchidism and Down's Syndrome. causal interaction,ongoing research,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Cystitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18358472&form=6&db=m Effect of phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor rolipram on cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in rats. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,3,0 3.1.4.53 Cysts http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=21670265&form=6&db=m Polycystin-2 and phosphodiesterase 4C are components of a ciliary A-kinase anchoring protein complex that is disrupted in cystic kidney diseases. causal interaction,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Dementia http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25389443&form=6&db=m Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Study of Cognition Effects of the Proprietary Extract Sceletium tortuosum (Zembrin) Targeting Phosphodiesterase-4 in Cognitively Healthy Subjects: Implications for Alzheimer's Dementia. ongoing research,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Demyelinating Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=7536938&form=6&db=m Prevention of autoimmune demyelination in non-human primates by a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,3,0 3.1.4.53 Demyelinating Diseases http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9357447&form=6&db=m Therapeutic potential of phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibition in chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,3,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12098602&form=6&db=m Effects of the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors SB 207499 and AWD 12-281 on the inflammatory reaction in a model of allergic dermatitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12956900&form=6&db=m AWD 12-281, a highly selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, is effective in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory reactions in a model of allergic dermatitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=16442096&form=6&db=m Effect of orally administered rolipram, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on a mouse model of the dermatitis caused by 2,4,6-trinitro-1-chlorobenzene (TNCB)-repeated application. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,3,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18539440&form=6&db=m Curative effects of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors cilomilast, roflumilast, and rolipram in dermatitis mouse model. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=18854230&form=6&db=m Effect of orally administered KF66490, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on dermatitis in mouse models. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=19379723&form=6&db=m ASB16165, a phosphodiesterase 7A inhibitor, reduces cutaneous TNF-alpha level and ameliorates skin edema in phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced skin inflammation model in mice. causal interaction,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24645735&form=6&db=m Topical E6005, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, attenuates spontaneous itch-related responses in mice with chronic atopy-like dermatitis. causal interaction,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=33107318&form=6&db=m Imperatorin Alleviates Psoriasiform Dermatitis by Blocking Neutrophil Respiratory Burst, Adhesion, and Chemotaxis Through Selective Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition. therapeutic application,unassigned 2,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=34139195&form=6&db=m Anti-inflammatory effects of a novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, AA6216, in mouse dermatitis models. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Allergic Contact http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=14642795&form=6&db=m Effects of cilomilast on dendritic cell function in contact sensitivity and dendritic cell migration through skin. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Allergic Contact http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22395585&form=6&db=m A phase 2, open-label, investigator-initiated study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of apremilast in subjects with recalcitrant allergic contact or atopic dermatitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=2408431&form=6&db=m Cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase activity and histamine release in cord blood leukocyte preparations. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=6128357&form=6&db=m Elevated leukocyte cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase in atopic disease: a possible mechanism for cyclic AMP-agonist hyporesponsiveness. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=8719792&form=6&db=m Differential effect of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors on the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normals and subjects with atopic dermatitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,1,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=9425590&form=6&db=m Advances in the understanding and treatment of atopic dermatitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10419856&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors as novel anti-inflammatory agents. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=10501583&form=6&db=m Clinical anti-inflammatory efficacy of arofylline, a new selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, in dogs with atopic dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=11168792&form=6&db=m Intracellular 3',5'-adenosine cyclic monophosphate level regulates house dust mite-induced interleukin-13 production by T cells from mite-sensitive patients with atopic dermatitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,1,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12111350&form=6&db=m Effect of adrenaline and glucocorticoids on monocyte cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE4) in a monocytic cell line. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=12824943&form=6&db=m Histamine up-regulates phosphodiesterase IV activity in U-937 cells through H2 receptor stimulation and cAMP increase. causal interaction,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17020529&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 7A: a new therapeutic target for alleviating chronic inflammation? causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=17355425&form=6&db=m Effects of cyclosporin A and cilomilast on activated canine, murine and human keratinocytes. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22395585&form=6&db=m A phase 2, open-label, investigator-initiated study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of apremilast in subjects with recalcitrant allergic contact or atopic dermatitis. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=22508772&form=6&db=m A Pilot Study of an Oral Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor (Apremilast) for Atopic Dermatitis in Adults. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23625818&form=6&db=m An assessment of the genetic toxicology of novel boron-containing therapeutic agents. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=23674603&form=6&db=m Antipruritic effect of the topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor E6005 ameliorates skin lesions in a mouse atopic dermatitis model. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,1,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24942594&form=6&db=m Safety and efficacy of topical E6005, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, in Japanese adult patients with atopic dermatitis: results of a randomized, vehicle-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=24984230&form=6&db=m Discovery and early clinical development of 2-{6-[2-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridyl)acetyl]-2,3-dimethoxyphenoxy}-N-propylacetamide (LEO 29102), a soft-drug inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 for topical treatment of atopic dermatitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=25312283&form=6&db=m Application of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for atopic dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26149248&form=6&db=m Validation of a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of E6005, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, and its metabolite in human plasma. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26461821&form=6&db=m Crisaborole Topical Ointment, 2% in Adults With Atopic Dermatitis: A Phase 2a, Vehicle-Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Study. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26659931&form=6&db=m A Phase 2, Randomized, Controlled, Dose-Ranging Study Evaluating Crisaborole Topical Ointment, 0.5% and 2% in Adolescents With Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26703371&form=6&db=m Effect of topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor E6005 on Japanese children with atopic dermatitis: Results from a randomized, vehicle-controlled exploratory trial. diagnostic usage,ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=26885784&form=6&db=m Post Hoc Analyses of the Effect of Crisaborole Topical Ointment, 2% on Atopic Dermatitis: Associated Pruritus from Phase 1 and 2 Clinical Studies. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27050693&form=6&db=m Crisaborole Topical Ointment, 2%: A Nonsteroidal, Topical, Anti-Inflammatory Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor in Clinical Development for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27189825&form=6&db=m OPA-15406, a novel, topical, nonsteroidal, selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, in the treatment of adult and adolescent patients with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis (AD): A phase-II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27193740&form=6&db=m Crisaborole Topical Ointment, 2% in Patients Ages 2 to 17 Years with Atopic Dermatitis: A Phase 1b, Open-Label, Maximal-Use Systemic Exposure Study. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=27417017&form=6&db=m Efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment, a novel, nonsteroidal phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor for the topical treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children and adults. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28290219&form=6&db=m 2% Crisaborole topical ointment for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis. causal interaction,diagnostic usage,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28416366&form=6&db=m 2-Year animal carcinogenicity results for crisaborole, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for atopic dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28537861&form=6&db=m Use of an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor (apremilast) for the treatment of chronic, severe atopic dermatitis: a case report. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=28681318&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis: Progress and Outlook. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29068253&form=6&db=m Topical E6005/RVT-501, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29076116&form=6&db=m Crisaborole Ointment 2%: A Review in Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29205284&form=6&db=m Magnitude of benefit for topical crisaborole in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adults does not look promising: a critical appraisal. ongoing research,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29363715&form=6&db=m Early Relief of Pruritus in Atopic Dermatitis with Crisaborole Ointment, A Non-steroidal, Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 2,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29429507&form=6&db=m [What's new in pediatric dermatology?] therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29803912&form=6&db=m A dried blood spot assay with UPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of E6005, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, and its metabolite in human blood. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=29812961&form=6&db=m Treatment of psoriasis with crisaborole. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30265585&form=6&db=m Pharmacokinetic disposition of topical phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor E6005 in patients with atopic dermatitis. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 4,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30332502&form=6&db=m The role of phosphodiesterase 4 in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis and the perspective for its inhibition. unassigned - 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30345457&form=6&db=m Crisaborole Ointment Improves Quality of Life of Patients with Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis and Their Families. therapeutic application,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30896779&form=6&db=m Direct and Indirect Effects of Crisaborole Ointment on Quality of Life in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Mediation Analysis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=30916723&form=6&db=m Application of Topical Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors in Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. therapeutic application,unassigned 3,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31226136&form=6&db=m Phosphodiesterase 4D, miR-203 and selected cytokines in the peripheral blood are associated with canine atopic dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 1,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31264114&form=6&db=m Efficacy and Safety of Crisaborole Ointment, 2%, for the Treatment of Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis Across Racial and Ethnic Groups. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31419544&form=6&db=m Crisaborole and atopic dermatitis skin biomarkers: An intrapatient randomized trial. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31494188&form=6&db=m Soft drugs for dermatological applications: recent trends. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 1,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31657024&form=6&db=m Phase 1 study of crisaborole in Japanese healthy volunteers and patients with atopic dermatitis. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31759994&form=6&db=m Ex vivo (human skin) and in vivo (minipig) permeation of propylene glycol applied as topical crisaborole ointment, 2. therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=31985912&form=6&db=m Topical Agents for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis therapeutic application,unassigned 4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32133868&form=6&db=m Off-Label Therapeutic Potential of Crisaborole. causal interaction,therapeutic application,unassigned 3,4,0 3.1.4.53 Dermatitis, Atopic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=32212104&form=6&db=m Safety, Effectiveness, and Pharmacokinetics of Crisaborole in Infants Aged 3 to?