1.14.18.3 down a 10fold downregulation of the pmoA2 gene is observed when Methylacidiphilum kamchatkense strain Kam1 is grown on methanol as carbon and energy source. The expression of the other three pmoA genes is also affected by the substrate switch from methane to methanol, but to a lesser extent than pmoA2 -, 727434 1.14.18.3 up for pMMO-expressing conditions, 0.02 mM copper is added and is equilibrated for at least 1 day before the media are inoculated 671477 1.14.18.3 up pMMO is expressed at high copper/biomass ratios -, 701759 1.14.18.3 up pMMO is produced when the copper/biomass ratio is high 706752 1.14.18.3 up soluble, methane monooxygenase (sMMO) is expressed and active in the presence of copper if gold is also simultaneously present. Such expression is due to gold binding to methanobactin produced by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, thereby limiting copper uptake. Such expression and activity is significantly reduced if methanobactin preloaded with copper is also added. Both soluble, methane monooxygenase (sMMO) and particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) can be expressed when copper and gold are present, as gold effectively competes with copper for binding to methanobactin. Under certain geochemical conditions, both forms of methane monooxygenase may be expressed and active in situ 744098 1.14.18.3 up the pMMO enzyme is expressed in cells grown under high copper-to-biomass ratios -, 438942