4.3.1.2 analysis a marker enzyme of the mesaconate pathway for (S)-glutamate fermentation in Enterobacteriaceae -, 5670 4.3.1.2 synthesis enzyme is used for L-aspartic acid production 6053 4.3.1.2 biotechnology Fusobacterium varium can simultaneously utilize both glucose and L-glutamate as energy sources, intracellular concentrations of methylaspartate ammonia-lyase is elevated when the bacterium is cultured in media supplemented with excess L-glutamate 682798 4.3.1.2 analysis procedure for the synthesis of mesaconic acids that are specifically mono- or di-deuterated in the methyl group in order to investigate the mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed reactions 682889 4.3.1.2 synthesis starting from simple non-chiral dicarboxylic acids (either fumaric acid or mesaconic acid), vitamin B5 and both diastereoisomers of alpha-methyl-substituted vitamin B5, which are valuable precursors for promising antimicrobials against Plasmodium falciparum and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, can be generated in good yields (up to 70%) and excellent enantiopurity (>99% ee). Access to vitamin B5 ((R)-pantothenic acid) and both diastereoisomers of alpha-methyl-substituted vitamin B5 ((R)- and (S)-3-((R)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)-2-methylpropanoic acid) is achieved using a modular three-step biocatalytic cascade involving 3-methylaspartate ammonia lyase (MAL), aspartate-a-decarboxylase (ADC), beta-methylaspartate-alpha-decarboxylase (CrpG) or glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), and pantothenate synthetase (PS) enzymes 747577