EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|---|
1.14.99.63 | expression in Escherichia coli | Haematococcus lacustris |
1.14.99.64 | expression in Escherichia coli | Chromochloris zofingiensis |
1.14.99.64 | expression in Escherichia coli | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
1.14.99.64 | transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the beta-carotene ketolase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii develop orange leaves which accumulate astaxanthin up to 2 mg/g dry weight with a 1.8fold increase in total carotenoids. The ketolases with high activity of converting zeaxanthin to astaxanthin triggers transgenic Arabidopsis to accumulate large amounts of astaxanthin in leaves and seeds | Chromochloris zofingiensis |
1.14.99.64 | transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing the beta-carotene ketolase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii develop orange leaves which accumulate astaxanthin up to 2 mg/g dry weight with a 1.8fold increase in total carotenoids. The ketolases with high activity of converting zeaxanthin to astaxanthin triggers transgenic Arabidopsis to accumulate large amounts of astaxanthin in leaves and seeds | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.14.99.64 | adonixanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | Chromochloris zofingiensis | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | adonixanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | zeaxanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | Chromochloris zofingiensis | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | adonixanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | zeaxanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | adonixanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? |
EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.14.99.63 | Haematococcus lacustris | E2DRF9 | - |
- |
1.14.99.64 | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | Q4VKB4 | - |
- |
1.14.99.64 | Chromochloris zofingiensis | Q5U931 | - |
- |
EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.14.99.63 | additional information | the enzyme shows low (about 1%) conversion rate from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin | Haematococcus lacustris | ? | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | adonixanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | Chromochloris zofingiensis | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | adonixanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | adonixanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme shows high (about 85%) conversion rate from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | adonixanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme shows moderate (about 38%) conversion rate from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin | Chromochloris zofingiensis | (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | zeaxanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | Chromochloris zofingiensis | adonixanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | zeaxanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | adonixanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | zeaxanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme shows high (about 85%) conversion rate from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | adonixanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? | |
1.14.99.64 | zeaxanthin + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 | the enzyme shows moderate (about 38%) conversion rate from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin | Chromochloris zofingiensis | adonixanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O | - |
? |
EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
1.14.99.63 | beta-carotene ketolase | - |
Haematococcus lacustris |
1.14.99.63 | BKT3 | - |
Haematococcus lacustris |
1.14.99.64 | beta-carotene/zeaxanthin ketolase | - |
Chromochloris zofingiensis |
1.14.99.64 | beta-carotene/zeaxanthin ketolase | - |
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
1.14.99.64 | bkt | ambiguous | Chromochloris zofingiensis |
1.14.99.64 | bkt | ambiguous | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |
EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
1.14.99.64 | metabolism | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | Chromochloris zofingiensis |
1.14.99.64 | metabolism | the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of astaxanthin | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii |