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Literature summary extracted from

  • Shi, H.; Chen, H.; Gu, Z.; Song, Y.; Zhang, H.; Chen, W.; Chen, Y.Q.
    Molecular mechanism of substrate specificity for delta 6 desaturase from Mortierella alpina and Micromonas pusilla (2015), J. Lipid Res., 56, 2309-2321 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.19.3 gene FADS6, sequence comparisons, recombinant expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain INVSc1, subcloning in Escherichia coli Top 10 cells Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 gene FADS6, sequence comparisons, recombinant expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain INVSc1, subcloning in Escherichia coli Top 10 cells Micromonas pusilla

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.14.19.3 E222S site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's relative conversion rate of alpha-linolenoyl-CoA is reduced by almost 50% compared to the wild-type enzyme Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 G194L site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's relative conversion rate of alpha-linolenoyl-CoA is significantly reduced to 6.50% compared to the wild-type enzyme Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 M227K site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's relative conversion rate of alpha-linolenoyl-CoA is reduced by almost 50% compared to the wild-type enzyme Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 additional information construction of chimeric mutant genes from MaFADS6 and MpFADS6 genes, the former from Mortierella alpina strain ATCC 32222, overview. The relative conversion rate for linoleoyl-CoA remains low in all mutants compared to the wild-type enzyme Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 additional information construction of chimeric mutant genes from MaFADS6 and MpFADS6 genes, the latter from Micromonas pusilla strain CCMP1545, overview. The relative conversion rate for linoleoyl-CoA remains low in all mutants compared to the wild-type enzyme Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 Q209G site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation does not lead to major changes in substrate preference Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 S197Q site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation does not lead to major changes in substrate preference Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 V189L/Q190A site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation does not lead to major changes in substrate preference Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 V399I/I400E site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant's relative conversion rate of alpha-linolenoyl-CoA is reduced by almost 50% compared to the wild-type enzyme Micromonas pusilla

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.14.19.3 membrane prediction of transmembrane helices and topology for Ma-FADS6 Mortierella alpina 16020
-
1.14.19.3 membrane prediction of transmembrane helices and topology for MpFADS6 Micromonas pusilla 16020
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Mortierella alpina
-
 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Micromonas pusilla
-
 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222
-
 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545
-
 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Mortierella alpina
-
 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Micromonas pusilla
-
 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222
-
 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545
-
 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information Mortierella alpina delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information Micromonas pusilla delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.19.3 Micromonas pusilla A0A172SZR2
-
-
1.14.19.3 Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 A0A172SZR2
-
-
1.14.19.3 Mortierella alpina Q70BL2
-
-
1.14.19.3 Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 Q70BL2
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Mortierella alpina stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Micromonas pusilla stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ preferred substrate Micromonas pusilla stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ preferred substrate Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 stearidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Mortierella alpina gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Micromonas pusilla gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ preferred substrate Mortierella alpina gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ preferred substrate Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 linoleoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview Mortierella alpina ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview Micromonas pusilla ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information the enzyme MaFADS6-I shows a substrate preference for linoleoyl-CoA, sequences between the histidine boxes I and II plays a pivotal role in substrate preference, mutational analysis, substrate specificities of wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview. When a single substrate is added, linoleoyl-CoA and alpha-linolenoyl-CoA are catalyzed by MaFADS6 with conversion rates of 45.6% and 19.6%, respectively. When linoleoyl-CoA and alpha-linolenoyl-CoA are added at the same time, the linoleoyl-CoA conversion rate reaches 58.4%, but alpha-linolenoyl-CoA conversion decreases to 2.0% Mortierella alpina ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information the enzyme MpFADS6 shows a substrate preference for alpha-linolenoyl-CoA, sequences between the histidine boxes I and II plays a pivotal role in substrate preference, mutational analysis, substrate specificities of wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview. MpFADS6 has a preference for the alpha-linolenoyl-CoA substrate with a 66.5% conversion rate Micromonas pusilla ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information the enzyme MaFADS6-I shows a substrate preference for linoleoyl-CoA, sequences between the histidine boxes I and II plays a pivotal role in substrate preference, mutational analysis, substrate specificities of wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview. When a single substrate is added, linoleoyl-CoA and alpha-linolenoyl-CoA are catalyzed by MaFADS6 with conversion rates of 45.6% and 19.6%, respectively. When linoleoyl-CoA and alpha-linolenoyl-CoA are added at the same time, the linoleoyl-CoA conversion rate reaches 58.4%, but alpha-linolenoyl-CoA conversion decreases to 2.0% Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222 ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information delta 6 desaturase (FADS6) is a key bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid, analysis of the molecular mechanism of substrate specificity, overview Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 ?
-
 ?
1.14.19.3 additional information the enzyme MpFADS6 shows a substrate preference for alpha-linolenoyl-CoA, sequences between the histidine boxes I and II plays a pivotal role in substrate preference, mutational analysis, substrate specificities of wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview. MpFADS6 has a preference for the alpha-linolenoyl-CoA substrate with a 66.5% conversion rate Micromonas pusilla CCMP 1545 ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.19.3 acyl-CoA desaturase ambiguous Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 acyl-CoA desaturase ambiguious Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 delta 6 desaturase
-
 Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 delta 6 desaturase
-
 Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 delta61
-
 Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 FADS6
-
 Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 FADS6
-
 Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 MaFADS6-I
-
 Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 MpFADS6
-
 Micromonas pusilla

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.19.3 28
-
 in vivo assay at Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 28
-
 in vivo assay at Micromonas pusilla

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.14.19.3 cytochrome b5 a cytochrome b5-like domain, HPGG, is located near the N terminus, which is required as an electron donor for fatty acid desaturation Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 cytochrome b5 a cytochrome b5-like domain, HPGG, is located near the N terminus, which is required as an electron donor for fatty acid desaturation Micromonas pusilla

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.19.3 metabolism the enzyme is involved in the aerobic very long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathways, overview Mortierella alpina
1.14.19.3 metabolism the enzyme is involved in the aerobic very long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathways, overview Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 physiological function microbial species have different propensity for accumulating omega6- or omega3-series polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may be determined by the substrate preference of FADS6 enzyme, molecular mechanism of FADS6 substrate specificity, overview. Micromonas pusilla strain CCMP1545 synthesizes high levels of eicosapentaenoic acid Micromonas pusilla
1.14.19.3 physiological function microbial species have different propensity for accumulating omega6- or omega3-series polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may be determined by the substrate preference of FADS6 enzyme, molecular mechanism of FADS6 substrate specificity, overview. Mortierella alpina strain ATCC 32222 synthesizes high levels of arachidonic acid Mortierella alpina