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Literature summary extracted from

  • de Jaeger, L.; Springer, J.; Wolbert, E.J.H.; Martens, D.E.; Eggink, G.; Wijffels, R.H.
    Gene silencing of stearoyl-ACP desaturase enhances the stearic acid content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2017), Biores. Technol., 245, 1616-1626 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.19.2 gene FAB2, real-time quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.14.19.2 additional information the enzyme is silenced by artificial microRNA in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant starchless BAFJ5 mutant strain via two different constructs, which target different positions on the mRNA of stearoyl-ACP desaturase. mRNA levels for SAD are reduced after the silencing construct is induced. One strain shows reduction in SAD mRNA resulting in a doubling of the stearic acid content in triacylglycerol molecules, which shows that stearic acid production in microalgae is possible. The mRNA expression is transiently reduced upon the induction of the amiRNA construct by heat shock and nitrogen depleted growth conditions, which doubles the stearic acid content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.14.19.2 chloroplast
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 9507
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.14.19.2 Fe2+ ferredoxin-[iron-sulfur] cluster Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.19.2 stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O2 + 2 H+ Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
-
 oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.2 stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O2 + 2 H+ Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 330
-
 oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.19.2 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii A8IQB8
-
-
1.14.19.2 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 330 A8IQB8
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.19.2 stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O
-
 ?
1.14.19.2 stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O2 + 2 H+
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 330 oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.19.2 FAB2
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
1.14.19.2 SAD
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
1.14.19.2 stearoyl-ACP desaturase
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.14.19.2 Ferredoxin
-
 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
1.14.19.2 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at lower temperatures plants and microalgae upregulate the expression of the SAD gene to produce more unsaturated fatty acids to maintain membrane fluidity at lower temperatures up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.19.2 metabolism under normal growth conditions, the stearoyl-ACP molecule is generally rapidly desaturated by SAD to form oleoyl-ACP inside the chloroplasts resulting in low presence of stearic acid in glycerolipids. The further desaturation or elongation of oleoyl-ACP into polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can occur in either the chloroplast using the prokaryotic pathway, or the acyl-ACP molecules are exported outside the chloroplast as acyl-CoA molecules and enter the eukaryotic pathway Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
1.14.19.2 physiological function the enzyme converts stearic acid into oleic acid Chlamydomonas reinhardtii