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Literature summary extracted from
- Glyoxalase I (Glo1) and its metabolites in vascular disease (2014), Biochem. Soc. Trans., 42, 528-533.
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | cytosol | - |
Mus musculus | 5829 | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | cytosol | - |
Homo sapiens | 5829 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | glutathione + methylglyoxal | Mus musculus | - |
(R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
? |  |
| 4.4.1.5 | glutathione + methylglyoxal | Homo sapiens | - |
(R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| 4.4.1.5 | Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | aorta | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | aorta | aortic sinus derived from apolipoprotein-E-knockout mouse on a high-fat diet for 6 months, enzyme expression is restricted to a subset of cells | Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | cardiomyocyte | high expression level | Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | endothelial cell | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | endothelial cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | heart | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | lymphocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | macrophage | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | macrophage | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | podocyte | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | podocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | pulmonary artery | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | pulmonary artery | carotid sample derived from thromboendarterectomy | Homo sapiens | - |
| 4.4.1.5 | smooth muscle cell | medial, high expression level | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | glutathione + methylglyoxal | - |
Mus musculus | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
? | |
| 4.4.1.5 | glutathione + methylglyoxal | - |
Homo sapiens | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | Glo1 | - |
Mus musculus |
| 4.4.1.5 | Glo1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 4.4.1.5 | glyoxalase I | - |
Mus musculus |
| 4.4.1.5 | glyoxalase I | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.4.1.5 | malfunction | increased methylglyoxal levels, resulting from decreased enzyme activity, induce apoptosis in fully differentiated podocytes, as well as in endothelial cells and macrophages in hypoxic regions of atherosclerotic arteries | Mus musculus |
| 4.4.1.5 | malfunction | increased methylglyoxal levels, resulting from decreased enzyme activity, induce apoptosis in fully differentiated podocytes, as well as in endothelial cells and macrophages in hypoxic regions of atherosclerotic arteries | Homo sapiens |
| 4.4.1.5 | metabolism | the glyoxalase system is composed of glyoxalase I, glyoxalase II, and glutathione as cofactor | Mus musculus |
| 4.4.1.5 | metabolism | the glyoxalase system is composed of glyoxalase I, glyoxalase II, and glutathione as cofactor | Homo sapiens |
| 4.4.1.5 | physiological function | the enzyme is part of the glyoxylate system, whose function is to detoxify reactive metabolites, which mainly accumulate during hyperglycaemic metabolism, major substrate is methylglyoxal. The mean glyoxalase I activity of atherosclerotic tissue from aortic and coronary artery samples is significantly reduced compared with healthy tissue derived from the same vessel, indicating a role for glyoxalase I in atherogenesis, the enzyme plays a role in inflammatory response, hypertension, and diabetic microvascular complications, overview | Mus musculus |
| 4.4.1.5 | physiological function | the enzyme is part of the glyoxylate system, whose function is to detoxify reactive metabolites, which mainly accumulate during hyperglycaemic metabolism, major substrate is methylglyoxal. The mean glyoxalase I activity of atherosclerotic tissue from aortic and coronary artery samples is significantly reduced compared with healthy tissue derived from the same vessel, indicating a role for glyoxalase I in atherogenesis, the enzyme plays a role in inflammatory response, hypertension, and diabetic microvascular complications, overview | Homo sapiens |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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