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Literature summary extracted from
- Mechanism of intermolecular interactions of microsomal cytochrome P450s CYP17 and CYP21 involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis (2012), Biochemistry (Moscow), 77, 585-592.
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.19 | CYP21 | direct molecular interactions, with electrostatic interactions playing a crucial role, between steroidogenic enzymes CYP17 and CYP21, EC 1.14.99.10, that are localized in endoplasmic reticulum membranes of adrenal cortex and involved in biosynthesis of corticosteroid hormones. The interaction in vitro reduces the catalytic activities of both enzymes at high ionic strength, i.e. 300 mM NaCl, while it increases activity at low ionic strength, i.e. 100 mM NaCl, overview | Homo sapiens |
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain JM109, coexpression with molecular chaperones GroES and GroEL | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain JM109, coexpression with molecular chaperones GroES and GroEL | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.19 | CYP21 | direct molecular interactions, with electrostatic interactions playing a crucial role, between steroidogenic enzymes CYP17 and CYP21, EC 1.14.99.10, that are localized in endoplasmic reticulum membranes of adrenal cortex and involved in biosynthesis of corticosteroid hormones. The interaction in vitro reduces the catalytic activities of both enzymes at high ionic strength, i.e. 300 mM NaCl, while it increases activity at low ionic strength, i.e. 100 mM NaCl, overview | Homo sapiens |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | - |
Homo sapiens | 5789 | - |
| 1.14.14.19 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | - |
Homo sapiens | 5789 | - |
| 1.14.14.19 | microsome | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
11-deoxycortisol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? |  |
| 1.14.14.16 | progesterone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
11-deoxycorticosterone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | 7-dehydropregnenolone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
7-dehydro-17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | additional information | Homo sapiens | CYP17 is unique due to its ability to catalyze two independent reactions in the same active center, the 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase reactions | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | pregnenolone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | progesterone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| 1.14.14.19 | Homo sapiens | P05093 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain JM109 by nickel affinity chromatography | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain JM109 by nickel affinity chromatography | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.19 | adrenal cortex | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 11-deoxycortisol + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.16 | progesterone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 11-deoxycorticosterone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | 7-dehydropregnenolone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 7-dehydro-17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | additional information | CYP17 is unique due to its ability to catalyze two independent reactions in the same active center, the 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase reactions | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | pregnenolone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.14.19 | progesterone + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.19 | More | modeling of tertiary structure of CYP17, overview | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | CYP21 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | 17alphahydroxylase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | CYP17 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | 37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | 37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | 7.2 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | 7.2 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.14.16 | physiological function | CYP21 catalyses reactions of progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone conversion to 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol, respectively, providing an important step in aldosterone and cortisol biosynthesis. Direct molecular interactions, with electrostatic interactions playing a crucial role, between steroidogenic enzymes CYP17, EC 1.14.99.9, and CYP21 that are localized in endoplasmic reticulum membranes of adrenal cortex and involved in biosynthesis of corticosteroid hormones. The interaction in vitro reduces the catalytic activities of both enzymes at high ionic strength, i.e. 300 mM NaCl, while it increases activity at low ionic strength, i.e. 100 mM NaCl, overview | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | metabolism | cytochrome b5 plays an important role in the intracellular regulation of biosynthesis of androgens at the level of CYP17. Cytochrome b5 mainly stimulates 17,20-lyase activity of CYP17, but has no effect on the 17alpha-hydroxylation reaction | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | additional information | modeling of tertiary structure of CYP17, overview. Direct molecular interactions, with electrostatic interactions playing a crucial role, between steroidogenic enzymes CYP17 and CYP21 that are localized in endoplasmic reticulum membranes of adrenal cortex and involved in biosynthesis of corticosteroid hormones, overview | Homo sapiens |
| 1.14.14.19 | physiological function | cytochrome CYP17 is a key enzyme of steroid hormone biosynthesis. Bifunctional CYP17 catalyzes two independent reactions in the same active center, the 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase reactions | Homo sapiens |
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