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Literature summary extracted from

  • Kai, G.; Zhang, A.; Guo, Y.; Li, L.; Cui, L.; Luo, X.; Liu, C.; Xiao, J.
    Enhancing the production of tropane alkaloids in transgenic Anisodus acutangulus hairy root cultures by over-expressing tropinone reductase I and hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase (2012), Mol. Biosyst., 8, 2883-2890.
    View publication on PubMed

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
1.1.1.206 synthesis transgenic hairy root lines expressing both tropinone reductase I and hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase produce significantly higher levels of tropinone alkaloids compared with the control and single gene transformed lines, reaching up to 4.293 mg/g tropinone alkaloids. In addition, the content of anisodine is also greatly improved. The average content of anisodine in double transformed lines is 0.984 mg/g dry weight, about 18fold of control lines Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.11.11 pharmacology tropane alkaloids including hyoscyamine, anisodamine, scopolamine and anisodine, are used medicinally as anticholinergic agents with increasing market demand, improvement of production by metabolic engineering introduction of genes encoding the branch-controlling enzyme tropinone reductase I and the downstream rate-limiting enzyme hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 pharmacology tropane alkaloids including hyoscyamine, anisodamine, scopolamine and anisodine, are used medicinally as anticholinergic agents with increasing market demand, improvement of production by metabolic engineering introduction of genes encoding the branch-controlling enzyme tropinone reductase I and the downstream rate-limiting enzyme hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase Anisodus acutangulus

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.14.11.11 overexpression of the enzyme in hairy roots of transgenic Anisodus acutangulus using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 transfection method, coexpression with tropinone reductase I Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 overexpression of the enzyme in hairy roots of transgenic Anisodus acutangulus using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 transfection method, coexpression with tropinone reductase I Anisodus acutangulus

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.14.11.11 additional information enhanced production of tropane alkaloids in transgenic Anisodus acutangulus hairy root cultures by overexpressing tropinone reductase I and hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer technology, quantification of tropan alkaloid contents in transgenic lines, overview Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 additional information enhancied production of tropane alkaloids in transgenic Anisodus acutangulus hairy root cultures by overexpressing tropinone reductase I and hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer technology, quantification of tropanalkaloid contents in transgenic lines, overview Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 additional information enhancied production of tropane alkaloids in transgenic Anisodus acutangulus hairy root cultures by overexpressing tropinone reductase I and hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase, quantification of tropan alkaloid contents in transgenic lines, overview Anisodus acutangulus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.11.11 L-hyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 Anisodus acutangulus
-
(6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2
-
?
1.14.20.13 (6S)-6beta-hydroxyhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 Anisodus acutangulus
-
scopolamine + succinate + CO2
-
?
1.14.20.13 (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 Anisodus acutangulus
-
scopolamine + succinate + CO2
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.206 Anisodus acutangulus B2L2W8 isoform tropinone reductase I
-
1.14.11.11 Anisodus acutangulus A2IBI0
-
-
1.14.20.13 Anisodus acutangulus
-
-
-
1.14.20.13 Anisodus acutangulus A2IBI0 cf. EC 1.14.11.11
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.14.11.11 hairy root
-
Anisodus acutangulus
-
1.14.20.13 hairy root
-
Anisodus acutangulus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.11.11 L-hyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2
-
Anisodus acutangulus (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2
-
?
1.14.11.11 additional information the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 1.14.11.14 Anisodus acutangulus ?
-
?
1.14.20.13 (6S)-6beta-hydroxyhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2
-
Anisodus acutangulus scopolamine + succinate + CO2
-
?
1.14.20.13 (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2
-
Anisodus acutangulus scopolamine + succinate + CO2
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.11.11 H6H
-
Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.11.11 hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase
-
Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 H&H
-
Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 H6H
-
Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase
-
Anisodus acutangulus

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.11.11 metabolism the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis pathway of tropane alkaloids catalyzing two oxidation steps to form scopolamine from hyoscyamine, overview, cf. EC 1.14.11.14 Anisodus acutangulus
1.14.20.13 metabolism the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis pathway of tropane alkaloids catalyzing two oxidation steps to form scopolamine from hyoscyamine, overview, cf. EC 1.14.11.11 Anisodus acutangulus