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Literature summary extracted from

  • Choi, K.H.; Hwang, S.; Cha, J.
    Identification and characterization of MalA in the maltose/maltodextrin operon of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM639 (2013), J. Bacteriol., 195, 1789-1799.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
3.2.1.10 expressed in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Attempts to obtain soluble enzyme from Escherichia coli strains are unsuccessful Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 expressed in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Attempts to obtain a soluble enzyme from Escherichia coli strains are unsuccessful Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 expressed in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Attempts to obtain soluble enzyme from Escherichia coli strains are unsuccessful Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 expressed in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Attempts to obtain soluble enzyme from Escherichia coli strains are unsuccessful Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.20 Co2+ 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, 24% inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 Cu2+ 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, 91% inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 EDTA 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, 11% inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 Fe2+ 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, 39% inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 SDS 1%, pH 5.0, 95°C, complete inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 Urea 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, 26% inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 Zn2+ 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, complete inhibition of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.20 0.3
-
maltotriose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 0.3
-
maltotetraose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 0.32
-
maltopentaose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 0.52
-
maltohexaose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 0.8
-
maltose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 0.87
-
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
3.2.1.10 intracellular
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius 5622
-
3.2.1.20 intracellular
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius 5622
-
3.2.1.84 intracellular
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius 5622
-
3.2.1.216 intracellular
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius 5622
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.20 Mn2+ 1 mM, pH 5.0, 95°C, 1.7fold activation of hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl alpha-glucopyranoside Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
3.2.1.10 72000
-
12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.10 73000
-
12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.10 914000
-
gel filtration Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 72000
-
12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 73000
-
12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 914000
-
gel filtration Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 72000
-
12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 73000
-
12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 914000
-
gel filtration Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 72000
-
12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 73000
-
12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 914000
-
gel filtration Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3.2.1.20 maltose + H2O Sulfolobus acidocaldarius the enzyme is involved in maltose and starch metabolism alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
3.2.1.10 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.10 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.20 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.20 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.84 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.84 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.216 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Q4J9M3
-
-
3.2.1.216 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 Q4J9M3
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
3.2.1.10
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
3.2.1.10 culture condition:maltose-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 11fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing maltose, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.10 culture condition:starch-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for starch as a substrate in cell extracts is 10fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing starch, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.20 culture condition:maltose-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3-fold upon the addition of maltose to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 11-fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing maltose, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.20 culture condition:starch-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3-fold upon the addition of starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 10-fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing starch, respectively, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.84 culture condition:maltose-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 11fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing maltose, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.84 culture condition:starch-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 10fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing starch, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.216 culture condition:maltose-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 11fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing maltose, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-
3.2.1.216 culture condition:starch-grown cell the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium. The alpha-glucosidase activity for maltose as a substrate in cell extracts is 10fold higher during growth in YT medium (Brock’s mineral salts, 0.1% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.005% (w/v) yeast extract) containing starch, than during growth on other sugars Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
-

Storage Stability

EC Number Storage Stability Organism
3.2.1.10 4°C, stored for at least 6 months without any loss of activity Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 4°C, stored for at least 6 months without any loss of activity Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 4°C, stored for at least 6 months without any loss of activity Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 4°C, stored for at least 6 months without any loss of activity Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3.2.1.10 isomaltose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->6)-D-Glc. Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes also terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/kojibiose/EC 3.2.1.84 hydrolase) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.10 isomaltose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->6)-D-Glc. Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes also terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/kojibiose/EC 3.2.1.84 hydrolase) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.10 panose + H2O alpha-D-Glc-(1->6)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->4)-D-Glc. Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes also terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/kojibiose/EC 3.2.1.84 hydrolase) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius maltose + alpha-D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.10 panose + H2O alpha-D-Glc-(1->6)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->4)-D-Glc. Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes also terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,3-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/kojibiose/EC 3.2.1.84 hydrolase) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 maltose + alpha-D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius 4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 isomaltose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->6)-D-Glc Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 kojibiose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-D-Glc Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 kojibiose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-D-Glc Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 maltohexaose + H2O
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius maltopentaose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 maltopentaose + H2O
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + ?
-
?
3.2.1.20 maltose + H2O
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 maltose + H2O the enzyme is involved in maltose and starch metabolism Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 maltotetraose + H2O
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 maltotriose + H2O
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius maltose + alpha-D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 additional information no activity towards cellobiose, starch and glycogen Sulfolobus acidocaldarius ?
-
?
3.2.1.20 additional information no activity towards cellobiose, starch and glycogen Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 ?
-
?
3.2.1.20 nigerose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->3)-D-Glc Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.20 panose + H2O alpha-D-Glc-(1->6)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->4)-D-Glc Sulfolobus acidocaldarius maltose + alpha-D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.84 nigerose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->3)-D-Glc. The multifunctional enzyme also catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,6-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/kojibiose/EC 3.2.1.10 hydrolase) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.84 nigerose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->3)-D-Glc. The multifunctional enzyme also catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,6-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/kojibiose/EC 3.2.1.10 hydrolase) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?
3.2.1.216 kojibiose + H2O i.e. alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-D-Glc. Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes also the hydrolysis of terminal alpha-1,4-linked, alpha-1,3-linked and alpha-1,6-linked glucose residues (EC 3.2.1.20/EC 3.2.1.84/EC 3.2.1.10) Sulfolobus acidocaldarius alpha-D-glucose + D-glucose
-
?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
3.2.1.10 dodecamer 12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.10 dodecamer 12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 dodecamer 12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 dodecamer 12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 dodecamer 12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 dodecamer 12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 dodecamer 12 * 72000, SDS-PAGE Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 dodecamer 12 * 73000, calculated from sequence Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
3.2.1.10 MalA
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.10 Saci1160 locus name Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 MalA
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 Saci1160 locus name Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 MalA
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 Saci1160 locus name Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 MalA
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 Saci1160 locus name Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.2.1.20 95 100
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Temperature Range [°C]

EC Number Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.2.1.20 80 110 80°C: about 60% of maximal activity, 110°C: about 80% of maximal activity Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.2.1.10 95
-
half-life: 33.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.10 100
-
half-life: 10.6 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.10 105
-
half-life: 1.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 95
-
half-life: 33.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 100
-
half-life: 10.6 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 105
-
half-life: 1.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 95
-
half-life: 33.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 100
-
half-life: 10.6 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.84 105
-
half-life: 1.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 95
-
half-life: 33.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 100
-
half-life: 10.6 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 105
-
half-life: 1.8 h Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.20 16.7
-
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 372
-
maltohexaose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 527
-
maltotetraose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 550
-
maltotriose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 611
-
maltopentaose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 1278
-
maltose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
3.2.1.20 5
-
-
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
3.2.1.20 4 7 pH 4.0: about 35% of maximal activity, pH 7.0: about 40% of maximal activity Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

pI Value

EC Number Organism Comment pI Value Maximum pI Value
3.2.1.10 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius calculated from sequence
-
5.9
3.2.1.20 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius calculated from sequence
-
5.9
3.2.1.84 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius calculated from sequence
-
5.9
3.2.1.216 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius calculated from sequence
-
5.9

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
3.2.1.10 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium up
3.2.1.20 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium up
3.2.1.84 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium up
3.2.1.216 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius the transcription level of malA is increased 3fold upon the addition of maltose or starch to the medium up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
3.2.1.20 physiological function the enzyme is involved in maltose and starch metabolism Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.216 physiological function the enzyme is involved in maltose and starch metabolism Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.2.1.20 19.2
-
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 716
-
maltohexaose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 1597
-
maltose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 1759
-
maltotetraose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 1833
-
maltotriose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
3.2.1.20 1910
-
maltopentaose pH 5.0, 95°C Sulfolobus acidocaldarius