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Literature summary extracted from
- Carotenogenesis gene cluster and phytoene desaturase catalyzing both three- and four-step desaturations from Rhodobacter azotoformans (2012), FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 333, 138-145.
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | gene crtI, cloning of the crt gene cluster crtCDEF, expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | gene crtI, cloning of the crt gene cluster crtCDEF, expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) | Cereibacter azotoformans |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | 57000 | - |
x * 57000, recombinant CrtI, SDS-PAGE | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | 57000 | - |
x * 57000, recombinant CrtI, SDS-PAGE | Cereibacter azotoformans |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor | - |
? |  |
| 1.3.99.28 | 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | - |
all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
lycopene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | - |
lycopene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | - |
all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | - |
all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | additional information | Cereibacter azotoformans | at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene, EC 1.3.99.31 | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | additional information | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene, EC 1.3.99.31 | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor | Cereibacter azotoformans | - |
all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | additional information | Cereibacter azotoformans | at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product, EC 1.3.99.28. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | Cereibacter azotoformans | G3FHJ1 | gene crtI | - |
| 1.3.99.28 | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | G3FHJ1 | gene crtI | - |
| 1.3.99.31 | Cereibacter azotoformans | G3FHJ1 | gene crtI | - |
| 1.3.99.31 | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | G3FHJ1 | gene crtI | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography | Cereibacter azotoformans |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | lycopene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | lycopene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | additional information | at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene, EC 1.3.99.31 | Cereibacter azotoformans | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.28 | additional information | at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene, EC 1.3.99.31 | Cereibacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans | all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor | - |
? | |
| 1.3.99.31 | additional information | at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product, EC 1.3.99.28. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene | Cereibacter azotoformans | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | ? | x * 57000, recombinant CrtI, SDS-PAGE | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | ? | x * 57000, recombinant CrtI, SDS-PAGE | Cereibacter azotoformans |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | CrtI | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.28 | phytoene desaturase | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | CrtI | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | phytoene desaturase | - |
Cereibacter azotoformans |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | 30 | - |
assay at | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | 30 | - |
assay at | Cereibacter azotoformans |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | 7.9 | - |
assay at | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | 7.9 | - |
assay at | Cereibacter azotoformans |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.99.28 | additional information | Rhodobacter azotoformans cntains a carotenogenesis gene cluster with an unusual organization and a phytoene desaturase catalyzing both three- and four-step desaturations. CrtI from Rhodobacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 can produce three-step desaturated neurosporene and four-step desaturated lycopene as major products, see also EC 1.3.99.31, together with small amounts of five-step desaturated 3,4-didehydrolycopene, EC 1.3.99.30 | Cereibacter azotoformans |
| 1.3.99.31 | additional information | Rhodobacter azotoformans contains a carotenogenesis gene cluster with an unusual organization and a phytoene desaturase catalyzing both three- and four-step desaturations. CrtI from Rhodobacter azotoformans CGMCC 6086 can produce three-step desaturated neurosporene and four-step desaturated lycopene as major products, see also EC 1.3.99.28, together with small amounts of five-step desaturated 3,4-didehydrolycopene, EC 1.3.99.30 | Cereibacter azotoformans |
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