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Literature summary extracted from

  • Poyck, P.P.; Hoekstra, R.; Vermeulen, J.L.; van Wijk, A.C.; Chamuleau, R.A.; Hakvoort, T.B.; van Gulik, T.M.; Lamers, W.H.
    Expression of glutamine synthetase and carbamoylphosphate synthetase I in a bioartificial liver: markers for the development of zonation in vitro (2008), Cells Tissues Organs, 188, 259-269.
    View publication on PubMed

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
6.3.4.16 biotechnology ammonia elimination as functional marker in hepatocyte cultivation and zonation in a bioreactor, and construction of a bioartificial liver, overview Sus scrofa

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
6.3.4.16 mitochondrion
-
 Sus scrofa 5739
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
6.3.1.2 Mg2+
-
 Sus scrofa
6.3.4.16 Mg2+
-
 Sus scrofa

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
6.3.1.2 ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 Sus scrofa glutamine synthetase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of ammonia and glutamate to glutamine in the pericentral zone ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine
-
 ?
6.3.4.16 ATP + NH3 + CO2 + H2O Sus scrofa CPS is the rate-determining enzyme of the urea cycle and catalyzes the conversion of ammonia and bicarbonate to carbamoylphosphate in the periportal and intermediate zones of a liver lobule, overview. The enzyme is responsible for ammonia elimination ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
6.3.1.2 Sus scrofa P46410
-
-
6.3.4.16 Sus scrofa
-
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
6.3.1.2 hepatocyte glutamine synthetase protein is preferentially expressed in hepatocytes adjacent to oxygen-supplying capillaries and in previously CPS-positive hepatocytes. No shift towards a periportal or pericentral phenotype, overview Sus scrofa
-
6.3.1.2 liver dynamic expression pattern of the enzyme in hepatocytes of different zones of the liver lobule, overview Sus scrofa
-
6.3.1.2 additional information mechanism underlying metabolic zonation, overview Sus scrofa
-
6.3.4.16 hepatocyte
-
 Sus scrofa
-
6.3.4.16 liver dynamic expression pattern of the enzyme in hepatocytes of different zones of the liver lobule, overview Sus scrofa
-
6.3.4.16 additional information mechanism underlying metabolic zonation, overview Sus scrofa
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
6.3.1.2 ATP + L-glutamate + NH3
-
 Sus scrofa ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine
-
 ?
6.3.1.2 ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 glutamine synthetase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of ammonia and glutamate to glutamine in the pericentral zone Sus scrofa ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine
-
 ?
6.3.4.16 ATP + NH3 + CO2 + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate
-
 ?
6.3.4.16 ATP + NH3 + CO2 + H2O CPS is the rate-determining enzyme of the urea cycle and catalyzes the conversion of ammonia and bicarbonate to carbamoylphosphate in the periportal and intermediate zones of a liver lobule, overview. The enzyme is responsible for ammonia elimination Sus scrofa ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
6.3.1.2 Glutamine synthetase
-
 Sus scrofa
6.3.4.16 CPS
-
 Sus scrofa
6.3.4.16 mitochondrial carbamoylphosphate synthetase I
-
 Sus scrofa

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
6.3.1.2 ATP
-
 Sus scrofa
6.3.4.16 ATP
-
 Sus scrofa