EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 2-mercaptoethanol | 27% increased activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | dithiothreitol | 75% increased activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 2-mercaptoethanol | 1 mM, activity increases by 27% | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | dithiothreitol | 1 mM, activity increases by 75% | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | cloned into Escherichia coli BL21 under the T5 promoter using the pQE-80L vector | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | Ag+ | complete inhibition at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Co2+ | 50.3% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Cu2+ | 2.9% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | EDTA | 85.3% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Fe2+ | 57.5% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Hg2+ | complete inhibition at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | K+ | 95.3% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Li+ | 2.8% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Mg2+ | 80.6% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Mn2+ | 84.8% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Na+ | 83.6% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | NH3 | 79.8% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Ni2+ | 72.4% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Semicarbazide hydrochloride | 86.7% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Sodium bisulfite | 1.8% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | Zn2+ | 7% residual activity at 1 mM | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Ag+ | 1 mM, complete inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Co2+ | 1 mM, 49.7% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Cu2+ | 1 mM, 97.1% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | EDTA | 1 mM, 14.7% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Fe2+ | 1 mM, 42.5% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Hg2+ | 1 mM, complete inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Li+ | 1 mM, 97% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Mg2+ | 1 mM, 19.4% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Mn2+ | 1 mM, 15.2% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | NaCl | 1 mM, 16.4% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | NH4Cl | 1 mM, 21% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Ni2+ | 1 mM, 27.6% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Semicarbazide hydrochloride | 1 mM, 13.3% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Sodium bisulfite | 1 mM, 98% inhibition | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | Zn2+ | 1 mM, 93% inhibition | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 0.12 | - |
3-hydroxypropionic acid | with NADH as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 0.24 | - |
Valeraldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 0.29 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | with NADP+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 0.49 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 0.68 | - |
Isovaleraldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 0.97 | - |
Butyraldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 1 | - |
acetaldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 1.21 | - |
propionaldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 5.37 | - |
benzaldehyde | with NADP+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.12 | - |
3-hydroxypropionate | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADH | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.24 | - |
Valeraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.29 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADP+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.49 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.68 | - |
Isovaleraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.97 | - |
Butyraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 1 | - |
acetaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 1.21 | - |
propionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 5.37 | - |
benzaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 53000 | - |
recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.99 | 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | Escherichia coli | - |
3-hydroxypropanoate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
? |
EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | Escherichia coli | - |
- |
- |
1.2.1.99 | Escherichia coli | P23883 | - |
- |
EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | Ni-NTA-HP resin column chromatography | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | - |
Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 1.42 | - |
crude extract, using 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde as a substrate, with NAD+ as a cofactor, at pH 8.0 and 37°C | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.3 | 38.1 | - |
after 26.8fold purification, using 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde as a substrate, with NAD+ as a cofactor, at pH 8.0 and 37°C | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 0.3 | - |
Vmax: 3-hydroxypropionate, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADH | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 5.5 | - |
Vmax: 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADP+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 12.39 | - |
Vmax: acetaldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 19.51 | - |
Vmax: benzaldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 27.35 | - |
Vmax: propionaldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 29.47 | - |
Vmax: valeraldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 30.07 | - |
Vmax: butyraldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 30.67 | - |
Vmax: isovaleraldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 32.1 | - |
Vmax: 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 2-furaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | 2-furanoic acid + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | 3-hydroxypropanoate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
Escherichia coli | 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
r | |
1.2.1.3 | 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | 3-hydroxypropanoate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
r | |
1.2.1.3 | acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | acetate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | benzaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | benzoate + NADPH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | butyraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | butanoic acid + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | isovaleraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | isovalerate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | additional information | no activity towards 3-hydroxypropionic acid in the presence of NADPH and formaldehyde | Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | propionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | propanoic acid + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.3 | valeraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | valerate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | 3-hydroxypropanoate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | activity for the reduction of 3-hydroxypropionate to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is only 4% of that for the corresponding oxidation reaction, indicating that this enzyme catalyzes oxidation reactions under most physiological conditions | Escherichia coli | 3-hydroxypropanoate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
r | |
1.2.1.99 | 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O | activity is decreased by 73% when NAD+ is replaced with NADP+. The reduction of 3-hydroxypropionate to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is not catalyzed with NADPH as cofactor | Escherichia coli | 3-hydroxypropanoate + NADPH + 2 H+ | - |
ir | |
1.2.1.99 | acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | acetate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | benzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | benzoate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | butyraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | butyrate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | isovaleraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | 3-methylbutanoate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | propionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Escherichia coli | propionate + NADH + 2 H+ | - |
? | |
1.2.1.99 | valeraldehyde + NAD+ + H2O | most preferred substrate | Escherichia coli | pentanoate + NADH + H+ | - |
? |
EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | ALDH | - |
Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 37 | - |
at pH 7 | Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 37 | - |
- |
Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.99 | 20 | 50 | 20°C: about 35% of maximal activity, 50°C: about 65% of maximal activity | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 20 | 50 | AldH appears to be stable between 20°C and 50 C but becomes very unstable at or above 50°C | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 0.26 | - |
3-hydroxypropionic acid | with NADH as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 4.91 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | with NADP+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 11.03 | - |
acetaldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 17.37 | - |
benzaldehyde | with NADP+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 24.35 | - |
propionaldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 26.24 | - |
Valeraldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 26.95 | - |
Butyraldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 27.31 | - |
Isovaleraldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | 28.54 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | with NAD+ as cofactor, in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0), at 37°C | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 0.26 | - |
3-hydroxypropionate | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADH | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 4.91 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADP+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 11.03 | - |
acetaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 17.37 | - |
benzaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 24.35 | - |
propionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 26.24 | - |
Valeraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 26.95 | - |
Butyraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 27.31 | - |
Isovaleraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 28.54 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 8 | - |
- |
Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 8 | - |
- |
Escherichia coli |
EC Number | pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 4 | 10 | - |
Escherichia coli |
1.2.1.99 | 7 | 9 | pH 7.0: about 25% of maximal activity, pH 9.0: about 20% of maximal activity | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | 6 | 8 | increasing or decreasing one pH unit from the optimal (pH 8.0) attenuates more than 70% of activity, pH 6.0 only 6% of the activity remains, pH values below 5.0 completely abolish activity | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.3 | NAD+ | prefers NAD+ over NADP+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.3 | NADP+ | prefers NAD+ over NADP+, in case of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, the activity is decreased by 73% when NAD+ is replaced with NADP+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | NAD+ | utilizes both NAD+ and NADP+ as cofactors, NAD+ is the preferred cofactor for all substrates except benzaldehyde and 2-furaldehyde. In case of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, the activity is decreased by 73% when NAD+ is replaced with NADP+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | NADP+ | utilizes both NAD+ and NADP+ as cofactors, NAD+ is the preferred cofactor for all substrates except benzaldehyde and 2-furaldehyde. In case of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, the activity is decreased by 73% when NAD+ is replaced with NADP+ | Escherichia coli |
EC Number | kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.2.1.99 | 2.2 | - |
3-hydroxypropionate | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADH | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 3.23 | - |
benzaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 11.03 | - |
acetaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 16.92 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NADP+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 20.12 | - |
propionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 27.79 | - |
Butyraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 40.16 | - |
Isovaleraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 58.57 | - |
3-hydroxypropionaldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli | |
1.2.1.99 | 109 | - |
Valeraldehyde | pH 8.0, 37°C, cofactor: NAD+ | Escherichia coli |