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Literature summary extracted from

  • Bonilla, M.; Denicola, A.; Novoselov, S.V.; Turanov, A.A.; Protasio, A.; Izmendi, D.; Gladyshev, V.N.; Salinas, G.
    Platyhelminth mitochondrial and cytosolic redox homeostasis is controlled by a single thioredoxin glutathione reductase and dependent on selenium and glutathione (2008), J. Biol. Chem., 283, 17898-17907.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.8.1.B1
-
 Echinococcus granulosus

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.8.1.B1 additional information analysis of TGR mutants reveales that the glutaredoxin domain is required for the glutathione reductase activity but does not affect the thioredoxin reductase activity. In contrast, both glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase activities are dependent on the Sec-containing redox center. The activity loss caused by the Sec-to-Cys mutation can be partially compensated by a Cys-to-Sec mutation of the neighboring residue, indicating that Sec can support catalysis at this alternative position Echinococcus granulosus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.8.1.B1 auranofin the TGR inhibitor, killes larval worms in vitro Echinococcus granulosus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.8.1.B1 0.0095
-
 mitochondial thioredoxin pH 7.0, 25°C, wild-type enzyme Echinococcus granulosus
1.8.1.B1 0.012
-
 mitochondial thioredoxin pH 7.0, 25°C, Sec-to-Cys mutant enzyme Echinococcus granulosus
1.8.1.B1 0.034
-
 cytosolic thioredoxin pH 7.0, 25°C, wild-type enzyme Echinococcus granulosus

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.8.1.B1 selenium glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase activities are dependent on the Sec-containing redox center. The activity loss caused by the Sec-to-Cys mutation can be partially compensated by a Cys-to-Sec mutation of the neighboring residue, indicating that Sec can support catalysis at this alternative position Echinococcus granulosus

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.8.1.B1 Echinococcus granulosus
-
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

EC Number Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
1.8.1.B1 additional information the glutathione reductase activity of TGR exhibits hysteretic behavior regulated by the [GSSG]/[GSH] ratio. This behavior is associated with glutathionylation by GSSG and abolished by deglutathionylation. TGR is glutathionylated at two Cys residues: Cys88 and Cys354 after 1 min incubation with 1 mM GSSG and NADPH. Absence of NADPH did not prevent glutathionylation Echinococcus granulosus

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.8.1.B1
-
 Echinococcus granulosus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.8.1.B1 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) + NADPH + H+
-
 Echinococcus granulosus 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate + NADP+
-
 ?
1.8.1.B1 cytosolic thioredoxin + NADP+
-
 Echinococcus granulosus cytosolic thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH
-
 r
1.8.1.B1 GSSG + NADPH + H+
-
 Echinococcus granulosus GSH + NADP+
-
 ?
1.8.1.B1 mitochondrial thioredoxin + NADP+
-
 Echinococcus granulosus mitochondrial thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH
-
 r
1.8.1.B1 additional information the glutathione reductase activity of TGR exhibits hysteretic behavior regulated by the [GSSG]/[GSH] ratio. This behavior is associated with glutathionylation by GSSG and abolished by deglutathionylation Echinococcus granulosus ?
-
 ?
1.8.1.B1 thioredoxin + NADP+
-
 Echinococcus granulosus thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH + H+
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.8.1.B1 TGR
-
 Echinococcus granulosus
1.8.1.B1 thioredoxin glutathione reductase
-
 Echinococcus granulosus

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.8.1.B1 6.4
-
 mitochondial thioredoxin pH 7.0, 25°C, Sec-to-Cys mutant enzyme Echinococcus granulosus
1.8.1.B1 118
-
 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) pH 7.0, 25°C, wild-type enzyme Echinococcus granulosus
1.8.1.B1 131
-
 mitochondial thioredoxin pH 7.0, 25°C, wild-type enzyme Echinococcus granulosus
1.8.1.B1 197
-
 cytosolic thioredoxin pH 7.0, 25°C, wild-type enzyme Echinococcus granulosus