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Literature summary extracted from
- Construction of a recombinant thermostable beta-amylase-trehalose synthase bifunctional enzyme for facilitating the conversion of starch to trehalose (2007), J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 1256-1263.
Cloned(Commentary)
| EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.2 | a fusion gene that encodes a polypeptide of 1495 amino acids is constructed from the beta-amylase gene of Clostridium thermosulfurogenes and trehalose synthase gene of Thermus thermophilus. The fused gene is overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and a recombinant bifunctional fusion protein with beta-amylase at the N-terminal or C-terminal of trehalose synthase having both beta-amylase and trehalose synthase activities with an apparent molecular mass of 164000 Da is obtained | Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes |
| 5.4.99.16 | construction of fusion genes from beta-amylase gene of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and trehalose synthase and overexpression in Escherichia coli | Thermus thermophilus |
Protein Variants
| EC Number | Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.2 | additional information | a fusion gene that encodes a polypeptide of 1495 amino acids is constructed from the beta-amylase (BA) gene of Clostridium thermosulfurogenes and trehalose synthase (TS) gene of Thermus thermophilus. The fused gene is overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and a recombinant bifunctional fusion protein with beta-amylase at the N-terminal (BATS) or C-terminal (TSBA) of trehalose synthase having both beta-amylase and trehalose synthase activities with an apparent molecular mass of 164000 Da is obtained. BATS or TSBA catalyzes the sequential reaction in which maltose is formed from starch and then is converted into trehalose. The Km values of the BATS and TSBA fusion enzymes for the reaction from starch to trehalose are smaller than those of an equimolar mixture of BA and TS (BA/TS). The kcat value of BATS approximates that of the BA/TS mixture, but that of TSBA exceedes it. TSBA shows much higher sequential catalytic efficiency than the separately expressed BA/TS mixture. The catalytic efficiency of TSBA or BATS is 3.4 or 2.4times higher, respectively, than that of a mixture of individual enzymes. The thermal stability readings of the recombinant fusion enzymes BATS and TSBA are better than that of the mixture of individual recombinant enzymes | Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes |
| 5.4.99.16 | synthesis | use of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa for production of trehalose from starch. Catalytic efficiency of fusion protein is higher than that of a mixture of individual enzymes | Thermus thermophilus |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | Cu2+ | inhibition of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus |  |
| 5.4.99.16 | Hg2+ | inhibition of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus | |
| 5.4.99.16 | Pb2+ | inhibition of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus | |
| 5.4.99.16 | Tris | inhibition of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus | |
| 5.4.99.16 | Zn2+ | inhibition of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | 106000 | - |
x * 106000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant enzyme, x * 164000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant fusion protein beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and trehalose synthase | Thermus thermophilus |
| 5.4.99.16 | 164000 | - |
x * 106000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant enzyme, x * 164000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant fusion protein beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and trehalose synthase | Thermus thermophilus |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.2 | Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes | - |
- |
- |
| 5.4.99.16 | Thermus thermophilus | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.2 | - |
Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes |
| 5.4.99.16 | recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase and vice versa having both activities | Thermus thermophilus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | starch | substrate of recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa. Catalytic efficiency of fusion protein is higher than that of a mixture of individual enzymes | Thermus thermophilus | alpha,alpha-trehalose | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | ? | x * 106000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant enzyme, x * 164000, SDS-PAGE of recombinant fusion protein beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and trehalose synthase | Thermus thermophilus |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | 70 | - |
temperature optimum for enzyme and for recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | 6 | - |
pH optimum for enzyme and for recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa | Thermus thermophilus |
pH Stability
| EC Number | pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4.99.16 | 5 | 7 | both enzyme and recombinant fusion protein with N-terminal beta-amylase of Clostridium thermofluorogenes and C-terminal trehalose synthase or vice versa, stable | Thermus thermophilus |
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