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Literature summary extracted from

  • Pfeiffer, J.; Kuehnel, C.; Brandt, J.; Duy, D.; Punyasiri, P.A.; Forkmann, G.; Fischer, T.C.
    Biosynthesis of flavan 3-ols by leucoanthocyanidin 4-reductases and anthocyanidin reductases in leaves of grape (Vitis vinifera L.), apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) and other crops (2006), Plant Physiol. Biochem., 44, 323-334.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.3.1.77 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Malus domestica
1.3.1.112 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vitis vinifera

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.3.1.77 Coffea arabica
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Euphorbia pulcherrima
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Hypericum perforatum
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Malus domestica
-
 cultivar Golden Delicious, Niedzwetz-kyana, Weirouge, Klarapfel, Red Delicious, Elstar, Holsteiner Cox, Pinova and Pilot
-
1.3.1.77 Malus domestica
-
 cv Golden Delicious
-
1.3.1.77 Persea americana
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Prunus cerasus
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Pyrus communis
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Rosa hybrid cultivar
-
-
-
1.3.1.77 Taxus baccata
-
-
-
1.3.1.112 Vitis vinifera Q7PCC4
-
-
1.17.1.3 Malus domestica Q5D7Y1 isoform LAR2
-
1.17.1.3 Malus domestica Q5D7Y2 isoform LAR1
-
1.17.1.3 Vitis vinifera Q3S9L6 isoform LAR2
-
1.17.1.3 Vitis vinifera Q4W2K5 isoform LAR1
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.3.1.77 bract
-
 Euphorbia pulcherrima
-
1.3.1.77 fruit
-
 Persea americana
-
1.3.1.77 leaf
-
 Malus domestica
-
1.3.1.77 leaf
-
 Pyrus communis
-
1.3.1.77 leaf
-
 Coffea arabica
-
1.3.1.77 leaf
-
 Rosa hybrid cultivar
-
1.3.1.77 leaf
-
 Hypericum perforatum
-
1.3.1.77 leaf
-
 Prunus cerasus
-
1.3.1.77 needle
-
 Taxus baccata
-
1.3.1.77 seed
-
 Taxus baccata
-
1.3.1.112 leaf
-
 Vitis vinifera
-
1.17.1.3 leaf both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 decreasing expression from early to late stages of leaf development Vitis vinifera
-
1.17.1.3 leaf both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 decreasing expression from early to late stages of leaf development Malus domestica
-
1.17.1.3 leaf both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 show decreasing expression from early to late stages of leaf development Malus domestica
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.3.1.77 cyanidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Malus domestica epicatechin + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 delphinidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Malus domestica epigallocatechin + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 additional information no activity with paeonidin and malvidin Malus domestica ?
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 additional information no substrates: paeonidin, malvidin Malus domestica ?
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 NADPH + H+ + cyanidin
-
 Malus domestica NADP+ + (-)-epicatechin
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 NADPH + H+ + delphinidin
-
 Malus domestica NADP+ + (-)-epigallocatechin
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 NADPH + H+ + pelargonidin
-
 Malus domestica NADP+ + (-)-epiafzelechin
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 NADPH + H+ + petunidin
-
 Malus domestica NADP+ + ?
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 pelargonidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Malus domestica epiafzelechin + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.77 petunidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Malus domestica ? + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.112 cyanidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Vitis vinifera epicatechin + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.112 delphinidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Vitis vinifera epigallocatechin + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.112 pelargonidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Vitis vinifera epiafzelechin + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.112 peonidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Vitis vinifera (2S,3S)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzopyran-1-ium + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.3.1.112 petunidin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
-
 Vitis vinifera ? + 2 NADP+
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin + NADPH + H+ both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Vitis vinifera (2R,3S)-catechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin + NADPH + H+ both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Malus domestica (2R,3S)-catechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucopelargonidin + NADPH both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Vitis vinifera ? + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucopelargonidin + NADPH substrate only for isoform LAR2 Malus domestica ? + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 leucodelphinidin + NADPH both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Vitis vinifera ? + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 leucodelphinidin + NADPH both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Malus domestica ? + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 luteoforol + NADPH i.e. 3-deoxyleucocyanidin, both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Vitis vinifera luteoliflavan + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 luteoforol + NADPH i.e. 3-deoxyleucocyanidin, both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Malus domestica luteoliflavan + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.3.1.77 45
-
-
 Malus domestica
1.3.1.112 45
-
-
 Vitis vinifera
1.17.1.3 30
-
-
 Malus domestica
1.17.1.3 37
-
-
 Malus domestica
1.17.1.3 37
-
 both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Vitis vinifera

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.3.1.77 5
-
-
 Malus domestica
1.3.1.112 5.5
-
-
 Vitis vinifera

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 6 7 both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Vitis vinifera
1.17.1.3 6 7 both isoforms LAR1 and LAR2 Malus domestica