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Literature summary extracted from

  • Ramirez-Ahumada, M.d.e.l.C.; Timmermann, B.N.; Gang, D.R.
    Biosynthesis of curcuminoids and gingerols in turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale): identification of curcuminoid synthase and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesterases (2006), Phytochemistry, 67, 2017-2029.
    View publication on PubMed

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
2.1.1.104 medicine plays a role in the biosynthesis of curcuminoids, which are important pharmacologically active metabolites Curcuma longa
2.1.1.104 medicine plays a role in the biosynthesis of gingerols, which are important pharmacologically active metabolites Zingiber officinale

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.99 additional information Curcuma longa analysis of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of curcuminoids ?
-
?
2.3.1.99 additional information Zingiber officinale analysis of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of ginger ?
-
?
2.3.1.133 4-coumaroyl-CoA + shikimate Zingiber officinale
-
CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate
-
?
2.3.1.133 4-coumaroyl-CoA + shikimate Curcuma longa
-
CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate
-
?
2.3.1.133 additional information Zingiber officinale the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the biosynthesis of curcuminoids and in lignification, the enzyme activity is modulated in plants as a mechanism to control production of specific metabolites, overview ?
-
?
2.3.1.133 additional information Curcuma longa the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the biosynthesis of curcuminoids and in lignification, the enzyme activity is modulated in plants as a mechanism to control production of specific metabolites, overview ?
-
?
2.3.1.211 2 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H2O Curcuma longa
-
3 CoA + bisdemethoxycurcumin + 2 CO2
-
?
2.3.1.211 additional information Curcuma longa the curcuminoid synthase might also use feruloyl-CoA as substrate, via demethoxycurcumin, to curcumin, possible pathway overview ?
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.1.1.104 Curcuma longa
-
-
-
2.1.1.104 Zingiber officinale
-
-
-
2.3.1.99 Curcuma longa
-
-
-
2.3.1.99 Zingiber officinale
-
-
-
2.3.1.133 Curcuma longa
-
-
-
2.3.1.133 Zingiber officinale
-
-
-
2.3.1.211 Curcuma longa
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.1.1.104 partially purified Zingiber officinale
2.1.1.104 partially purified Curcuma longa

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.1.1.104 leaf
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.1.1.104 leaf
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.1.1.104 rhizome
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.1.1.104 rhizome
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.1.1.104 shoot
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.1.1.104 shoot
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.99 leaf
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.3.1.99 leaf
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.99 rhizome
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.3.1.99 rhizome
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.99 shoot
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.3.1.99 shoot
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.133 leaf
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.3.1.133 leaf
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.133 rhizome
-
Zingiber officinale
-
2.3.1.133 rhizome
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.133 shoot 1.5-2.0fold higher enzyme activity compared to leaves and rhizomes Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.133 shoot 1.6fold higher enzyme activity compared to leaves and rhizomes Zingiber officinale
-
2.3.1.211 leaf highest activity Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.211 rhizome
-
Curcuma longa
-
2.3.1.211 shoot
-
Curcuma longa
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
2.3.1.133 additional information
-
-
Zingiber officinale
2.3.1.133 additional information
-
-
Curcuma longa

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.1.1.104 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
-
Zingiber officinale S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
?
2.1.1.104 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + caffeoyl-CoA
-
Curcuma longa S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + feruloyl-CoA
-
?
2.3.1.99 4-coumaroyl-CoA + quinate
-
Zingiber officinale CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)quinate
-
?
2.3.1.99 4-coumaroyl-CoA + quinate
-
Curcuma longa CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)quinate
-
?
2.3.1.99 caffeoyl-CoA + quinate
-
Zingiber officinale CoA + 5-O-caffeoylquinate
-
?
2.3.1.99 caffeoyl-CoA + quinate
-
Curcuma longa CoA + 5-O-caffeoylquinate
-
?
2.3.1.99 feruloyl-CoA + quinate
-
Zingiber officinale CoA + O-feruloylquinate
-
?
2.3.1.99 feruloyl-CoA + quinate
-
Curcuma longa CoA + O-feruloylquinate
-
?
2.3.1.99 additional information analysis of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of curcuminoids Curcuma longa ?
-
?
2.3.1.99 additional information analysis of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of ginger Zingiber officinale ?
-
?
2.3.1.133 4-coumaroyl-CoA + shikimate
-
Zingiber officinale CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate
-
?
2.3.1.133 4-coumaroyl-CoA + shikimate
-
Curcuma longa CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate
-
?
2.3.1.133 4-coumaroyl-CoA + shikimate
-
Zingiber officinale CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate product determination ?
2.3.1.133 4-coumaroyl-CoA + shikimate
-
Curcuma longa CoA + 5-O-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate product determination ?
2.3.1.133 additional information the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the biosynthesis of curcuminoids and in lignification, the enzyme activity is modulated in plants as a mechanism to control production of specific metabolites, overview Zingiber officinale ?
-
?
2.3.1.133 additional information the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the biosynthesis of curcuminoids and in lignification, the enzyme activity is modulated in plants as a mechanism to control production of specific metabolites, overview Curcuma longa ?
-
?
2.3.1.211 2 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H2O
-
Curcuma longa 3 CoA + bisdemethoxycurcumin + 2 CO2
-
?
2.3.1.211 additional information the curcuminoid synthase might also use feruloyl-CoA as substrate, via demethoxycurcumin, to curcumin, possible pathway overview Curcuma longa ?
-
?
2.3.1.211 additional information curcuminoid synthase activity shows a requirement for both 4-coumaroyl-CoA and feruloyl-CoA to be present in the activity assay in order for any product to be observed Curcuma longa ?
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.1.1.104 CCOMT
-
Zingiber officinale
2.1.1.104 CCOMT
-
Curcuma longa
2.3.1.133 CST
-
Zingiber officinale
2.3.1.133 CST
-
Curcuma longa
2.3.1.133 p-coumaroyl shikimate transferase
-
Zingiber officinale
2.3.1.133 p-coumaroyl shikimate transferase
-
Curcuma longa
2.3.1.133 p-coumaroyl-CoA:5-O-shikimate p-coumaroyl transferase
-
Zingiber officinale
2.3.1.133 p-coumaroyl-CoA:5-O-shikimate p-coumaroyl transferase
-
Curcuma longa
2.3.1.211 curcuminoid synthase
-
Curcuma longa

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.3.1.133 37
-
assay at Zingiber officinale
2.3.1.133 37
-
assay at Curcuma longa
2.3.1.211 28
-
assay at Curcuma longa

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.3.1.133 7
-
assay at Zingiber officinale
2.3.1.133 7
-
assay at Curcuma longa
2.3.1.211 8
-
assay at Curcuma longa

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.3.1.211 metabolism the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Thioesterase activities in Curcuma longa that cleave phenylpropanoid pathway CoA esters, are present at high levels in all tissues and may shunt phenylpropanoid pathway intermediates away from the production of curcuminoids and gingerols, thereby potentially playing a regulatory role in the biosynthesis of these compounds Curcuma longa