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Literature summary extracted from

  • Yen, C.L.; Monetti, M.; Burri, B.J.; Farese, R.V.
    The triacylglycerol synthesis enzyme DGAT1 also catalyzes the synthesis of diacylglycerols, waxes, and retinyl esters (2005), J. Lipid Res., 46, 1502-1511.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.3.1.20 DGAT1, functional expression of the FLAG-tagged enzyme in membranes of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells and in COS-7 cells, expression analysis Mus musculus
2.3.1.20 DGAT2, functional expression of the FLAG-tagged enzyme in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells, expression analysis Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 FLAG-tagged enzyme expression in COS-7 cells, the cells expressing DGAT1 show ARAT and WAX synthase, EC 2.3.1.75, activities Mus musculus

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.3.1.20 additional information DGAT2 overexpression also increases wax monoester synthase activity in intact cells Mus musculus
2.3.1.20 additional information the wax diester synthase activity of DGAT1 helps to explain the deficiency of type II wax diesters in the fur lipids of Dgat-/- mice, DGAT1 deficiency also perturbs retinol metabolism in the livers of Dgat-/- mice, hepatic levels of unesterified retinol are increased in Dgat-/- mice challenged with high-retinol diets Mus musculus
2.3.1.75 additional information the wax diester synthase activity of DGAT1 helps to explain the deficiency of type II wax diesters in the fur lipids of Dgat-/- mice Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 additional information cells and tissues from DGAT1-deficient mice exhibit reduced ARAT activity, and the mice have increased levels of unesterified retinol in their livers on a high-retinol diet Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 additional information DGAT1 deficiency also perturbs retinol metabolism in the livers of Dgat-/- mice, hepatic levels of unesterified retinol are increased in Dgat-/- mice challenged with high-retinol diets Mus musculus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.3.1.22 membrane
-
Mus musculus 16020
-
2.3.1.75 membrane
-
Mus musculus 16020
-
2.3.1.76 membrane
-
Mus musculus 16020
-
2.3.1.76 membrane the enzyme is is very hydrophobic and has multiple predicted membrane-spanning domains Mus musculus 16020
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.20 1,2-dioleoylglycerol + palmitoyl-CoA Mus musculus
-
1,2-dioleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol + CoA
-
?
2.3.1.22 2-monooleoylglycerol + palmitoyl-CoA Mus musculus
-
2-oleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol + CoA
-
?
2.3.1.75 1,2-hexadecandiol + palmitoyl-CoA Mus musculus
-
?
-
?
2.3.1.75 1-hexadecanol + palmitoyl-CoA Mus musculus
-
CoA + hexadecylpalmitate
-
?
2.3.1.76 all-trans retinol + palmitoyl-CoA Mus musculus
-
all-trans-retinyl palmitate + CoA
-
?
2.3.1.76 additional information Mus musculus ARAT plays a role in retinol metabolism in tissues with low levels of cytosolic retinol binding protein or when cellular retinol concentrations are relatively high, thereby protecting cells from toxicity resulting from excess unesterified retinol ?
-
?
2.3.1.76 additional information Mus musculus cells and tissues from DGAT1-deficient mice exhibit reduced ARAT activity, and the mice have increased levels of unesterified retinol in their livers on a high-retinol diet ?
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.3.1.20 Mus musculus Q9DCV3 DGAT2
-
2.3.1.20 Mus musculus Q9Z2A7 DGAT1
-
2.3.1.22 Mus musculus
-
-
-
2.3.1.75 Mus musculus
-
-
-
2.3.1.76 Mus musculus
-
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.3.1.20 liver
-
Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.20 additional information expression analysis Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.22 liver
-
Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.75 liver
-
Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.76 kidney
-
Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.76 liver
-
Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.76 additional information cells and tissues from DGAT1-deficient mice exhibit reduced ARAT activity Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.76 additional information DGAT1 exhibits ARAT activity in in vitro assays and accounts for a large portion of ARAT activity in the liver, testis, and kidney of mice Mus musculus
-
2.3.1.76 testis
-
Mus musculus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
2.3.1.20 additional information
-
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.20 additional information
-
recombinant enzyme in Sf9 cell membrane and in COS-7 cell membranes, multifunctional enzyme Mus musculus
2.3.1.75 additional information
-
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 additional information
-
measurements of retinol and retinyl esters in liver Mus musculus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.20 1,2-dioleoylglycerol + palmitoyl-CoA
-
Mus musculus 1,2-dioleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol + CoA
-
?
2.3.1.20 additional information DGAT1 is also catalyzing the reactions of the monoacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.22, of the wax synthase, EC 2.3.1.75, and of the acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.76, overview Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.20 additional information DGAT1 is catalyzing the reactions of the monoacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.22, of the diacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.20, of the wax synthase, EC 2.3.1.75, and of the acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.76, overview Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.22 2-monooleoylglycerol + palmitoyl-CoA
-
Mus musculus 2-oleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol + CoA
-
?
2.3.1.22 additional information DGAT1 is catalyzing the reactions of the monoacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.22, of the diacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.20, of the wax synthase, EC 2.3.1.75, and of the acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.76, overview Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.75 1,2-hexadecandiol + palmitoyl-CoA
-
Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.75 1-hexadecanol + palmitoyl-CoA
-
Mus musculus CoA + hexadecylpalmitate
-
?
2.3.1.75 additional information DGAT1 is catalyzing the reactions of the monoacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.22, of the diacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.20, of the wax synthase, EC 2.3.1.75, and of the acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.76, DGAT2 catalyzes the wax ester synthase reaction, overview Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.76 all-trans retinol + palmitoyl-CoA
-
Mus musculus all-trans-retinyl palmitate + CoA
-
?
2.3.1.76 additional information ARAT plays a role in retinol metabolism in tissues with low levels of cytosolic retinol binding protein or when cellular retinol concentrations are relatively high, thereby protecting cells from toxicity resulting from excess unesterified retinol Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.76 additional information cells and tissues from DGAT1-deficient mice exhibit reduced ARAT activity, and the mice have increased levels of unesterified retinol in their livers on a high-retinol diet Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.76 additional information DGAT1 is catalyzing the reactions of the monoacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.22, of the diacylglycerol transferase, EC 2.3.1.20, of the wax synthase, EC 2.3.1.75, and of the acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.76, overview Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.76 additional information the triacylglycerol synthesis enzyme DGAT1, EC 2.3.1.20, also catalyzes the synthesis of diacylglycerols, waxes, and retinyl esters, overview Mus musculus ?
-
?
2.3.1.76 palmitoyl-CoA + retinol
-
Mus musculus CoA + retinyl palmitate
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.3.1.20 DGAT
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.22 MGAT
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.22 More cf. EC 2.3.1.20 Mus musculus
2.3.1.75 acyl CoA:long-chain fatty alcohol O-acyltransferase
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.75 More cf. EC 2.3.1.20 Mus musculus
2.3.1.75 wax monoester synthase
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.75 wax synthase
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 acyl CoA:retinol acyltransferase
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 acyl CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 ArAT
-
Mus musculus
2.3.1.76 More cf. EC 2.3.1.20 Mus musculus