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Literature summary extracted from

  • Ohe, T.; Watanabe, Y.
    Purification and properties of xanthine dehydrogenase from Streptomyces cyanogenus (1979), J. Biochem., 86, 45-53.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 KCl strong activation at 50 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 NaCl nearly 2fold activation at 100 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 NH4Cl 2.5fold activation at 100 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus

General Stability

EC Number General Stability Organism
1.17.1.4 enzyme from crude extract can be stabilized by addition of nicotinamide, cysteine and EDTA, purified enzyme more stable Streptomyces cyanogenus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 4-chloromercuribenzoate 89.2% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 1 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) 45.4% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 1 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 adenine 62.8% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 0.5 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 EDTA 19.8% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 10 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 iodoacetic acid 21% inhibition at 1 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 KCN complete inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 1 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 o-phenanthroline 19.5% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 10 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 Quinacrine 29.7% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 1 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 Tiron 36.8% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 10 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 Urate 36.6% inhibition of hypoxanthine oxidation at 0.5 mM Streptomyces cyanogenus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 0.015
-
guanine
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 0.055
-
hypoxanthine
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 0.11
-
NAD+
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 0.15
-
xanthine
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 Fe
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 67000
-
2 * 67000, SDS-PAGE Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 125000
-
gel filtration, sedimentation equilibrium analysis Streptomyces cyanogenus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.4 2 2-hydroxypurine + 2 NAD+ + 2 H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus considerable activity xanthine + 2,8-dihydroxypurine + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 84% xanthine, 8% 2,8-dihydroxypurine formed ?
1.17.1.4 2 hypoxanthine + 2 NAD+ + 2 H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus preferred substrate xanthine + 6,8-dihydroxypurine + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 100% xanthine, 51% 6,8-dihydroxypurine formed ?
1.17.1.4 3 purine + 3 NAD+ + 3 H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus poor substrate hypoxanthine + 8-hydroxypurine + 2-hydroxypurine + 3 NADH + 3 H+ 2.3% hypoxanthine, 2.3% 8-hydroxypurine and traces of 2-hydroxypurine formed ?
1.17.1.4 6,8-dihydroxypurine + NAD+ + H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus
-
urate + NADH 18% urate formed ?
1.17.1.4 guanine + NAD+ + H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus 81.3% of the activity compared to hypoxanthine ? + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + NADP+ + H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus 2.4% of the activity compared to NAD+ xanthine + NADPH
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + O2 Streptomyces cyanogenus very low activity xanthine + H2O2
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + H2O Streptomyces cyanogenus 61% of the activity compared to hypoxanthine urate + NADH 91% urate formed ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.1.4 Streptomyces cyanogenus
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.4 to homogeneity, chromatography techniques Streptomyces cyanogenus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.17.1.4 cell culture
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 10.6
-
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.4 2 2-hydroxypurine + 2 NAD+ + 2 H2O considerable activity Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + 2,8-dihydroxypurine + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 84% xanthine, 8% 2,8-dihydroxypurine formed ?
1.17.1.4 2 hypoxanthine + 2 NAD+ + 2 H2O preferred substrate Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + 6,8-dihydroxypurine + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 100% xanthine, 51% 6,8-dihydroxypurine formed ?
1.17.1.4 3 purine + 3 NAD+ + 3 H2O poor substrate Streptomyces cyanogenus hypoxanthine + 8-hydroxypurine + 2-hydroxypurine + 3 NADH + 3 H+ 2.3% hypoxanthine, 2.3% 8-hydroxypurine and traces of 2-hydroxypurine formed ?
1.17.1.4 6,8-dihydroxypurine + NAD+ + H2O
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus urate + NADH 18% urate formed ?
1.17.1.4 acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O very low activity Streptomyces cyanogenus acetate + NADH + H+
-
?
1.17.1.4 guanine + NAD+ + H2O 81.3% of the activity compared to hypoxanthine Streptomyces cyanogenus ? + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol + H2O 12.2% of the activity compared to NAD+ Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + ?
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + cytochrome c + H2O 2.1% of the activity compared to NAD+ Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + reduced cytochrome c
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + ferricyanide + H2O 17.2% of the activity compared to NAD+ Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + ferrocyanide
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + NADP+ + H2O 2.4% of the activity compared to NAD+ Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + NADPH
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + nitroblue tetrazolium 18% of the activity compared to NAD+ Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + ?
-
?
1.17.1.4 hypoxanthine + O2 very low activity Streptomyces cyanogenus xanthine + H2O2
-
?
1.17.1.4 inosine + NAD+ + H2O low activity Streptomyces cyanogenus ? + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 propionaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O low activity Streptomyces cyanogenus propionic acid + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 theobromine + NAD+ + H2O very low activity Streptomyces cyanogenus ? + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 theophylline + NAD+ + H2O low activity Streptomyces cyanogenus ? + NADH
-
?
1.17.1.4 xanthine + NAD+ + H2O 61% of the activity compared to hypoxanthine Streptomyces cyanogenus urate + NADH 91% urate formed ?
1.17.1.4 xanthosine + NAD+ + H2O 15.1% of the activity compared to hypoxanthine Streptomyces cyanogenus ? + NADH
-
?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 dimer 2 * 67000, SDS-PAGE Streptomyces cyanogenus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 40
-
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 4
-
up to 150% activity when kept 24-120 h in a pH range of 9-11 Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 55
-
stable below Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 65
-
complete loss of activity in 10 min Streptomyces cyanogenus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 8.7
-
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus

pH Stability

EC Number pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.4 7 12 stable for 24 h if stored at 4°C Streptomyces cyanogenus

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.4 FAD
-
Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 additional information iron-containing flavoprotein Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 additional information molar ratio of FAD to iron to labile sulfide per mol enzyme is 2 : 14 : 2 Streptomyces cyanogenus
1.17.1.4 NAD+ cannot be replaced by NADP+ Streptomyces cyanogenus