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Literature summary extracted from

  • Tanner, G.J.; Francki, K.T.; Abrahams, S.; Watson, J.M.; Larkin, P.J.; Ashton, A.R.
    Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in plants. Purification of legume leucoanthocyanisdin reductase and molecular cloning of its own cDNA (2003), J. Biol. Chem., 278, 31647-31656.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.3
-
 Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 determination of DNA and amino acid sequences, expression in Escherichia coli strain XL-1 Blue, Nicotiana tabacum, and Trifolium repens, plant transformations via Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection system Desmodium uncinatum

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number Crystallization (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.3 near homogeneity Desmodium uncinatum

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.3 2,3-cis-flavan-3,4-diol slight inhibition Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 2,3-cis-flavan-3-ol product inhibition Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromenium 48% inhibition at 0.006 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 3,4-trans-leucocyanidin 50% inhibition at 0.12 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 3,4-trans-leucopelargonidin 50% inhibition at 0.46 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 afzelechin 50% inhibition at 0.014 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 catechin 50% inhibition at 0.012 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 delphinidin 97% inhibition at 0.06 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 dihydroquercetin 60% inhibition at 0.01 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 epi-gallocatechin 50% inhibition at 1.4 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 eriodictyol 53% inhibition at 0.01 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 gallocatechin 50% inhibition at 0.28 mM Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 additional information overview: phenylpropanoids Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 NADP+ 50% inhibition at 0.5 mM; slight inhibition Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 pelargonidin 55% inhibition at 0.006 mM Desmodium uncinatum

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.3 0.0004
-
 NADPH pH 7.0, 30°C Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 0.005
-
 3,4-cis-leucodelphinidin pH 7.0, 30°C Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 0.006
-
 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin pH 7.0, 30°C Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 0.006
-
 3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin pH 7.0, 30°C Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 0.026
-
 3,4-cis-leucopelargonidin pH 7.0, 30°C Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 0.06
-
 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin pH 7.0, 30°C Desmodium uncinatum

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 45000
-
 1 * 45000, SDS-PAGE Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 45000
-
 1 * 45000, native enzyme, SDS-PAGE Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 52000
-
 gel filtration Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 52000
-
 native enzyme, gel filtration Desmodium uncinatum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.3 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin + NADPH Desmodium uncinatum
-
 (2R,3S)-catechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin + NADPH Desmodium uncinatum
-
 2,3-trans-catechin + NADP+ + H2O no formation of 2,3-cis-epicatechin ?
1.17.1.3 additional information Desmodium uncinatum enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of condensed tannins or proanthocyanidins 3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin, first committed step, anthocyanidin pathway overview ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.1.3 Desmodium uncinatum
-
-
-
1.17.1.3 Desmodium uncinatum Q84V83
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.3 native enzyme to near homogeneity from leaves, about 48500fold Desmodium uncinatum

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.17.1.3 leaf
-
 Desmodium uncinatum
-
1.17.1.3 leaf small unexpanded leaflets Desmodium uncinatum
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 8.7
-
-
 Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 8.7
-
 purified native enzyme, substrate 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin Desmodium uncinatum

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.3 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin + NADH + H+ 30% activity compared to NADPH Desmodium uncinatum (2R,3S)-catechin + NAD+ + H2O
-
 r
1.17.1.3 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin + NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum (2R,3S)-catechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin + NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum 2,3-trans-catechin + NADP+ + H2O no formation of 2,3-cis-epicatechin ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucodelphinidin + NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum ? + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucodelphinidin + NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum 2,3-trans-gallocatechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucopelargonidin + NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum ? + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucopelargonidin + NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum 2,3-trans-afzelechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?
1.17.1.3 additional information enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of condensed tannins or proanthocyanidins 3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin, first committed step, anthocyanidin pathway overview Desmodium uncinatum ?
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 monomer 1 * 45000, SDS-PAGE Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 monomer 1 * 45000, native enzyme, SDS-PAGE Desmodium uncinatum

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 LAR
-
 Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 More enzyme is part of the isoflavone reductase group of the reductase-epimerase-dehydrogenase family of enzymes Desmodium uncinatum

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 30
-
 assay at Desmodium uncinatum

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 7
-
-
 Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 7
-
 broad optimum Desmodium uncinatum

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 6.2 7.8 95% activity at pH 6.2 and pH 7.8 Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 6.2 7.8 95% of maximal activity at pH 76.2 and pH 7.8 Desmodium uncinatum

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.3 NADH 30% the rate of NADPH Desmodium uncinatum
1.17.1.3 NADPH
-
 Desmodium uncinatum

Ki Value [mM]

EC Number Ki Value [mM] Ki Value maximum [mM] Inhibitor Comment Organism Structure
1.17.1.3 additional information
-
 additional information
-
 Desmodium uncinatum