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Literature summary extracted from
- DNA topoisomerases: enzymes that control DNA conformation (1985), Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol., 114, 19-102.
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | enzyme is posttranslationally modified and presumably regulated by phosphorylation | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Protein HMG17 | stimulates | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | histone H1 | promotes DNA network formation | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | HMG17 protein | promotes DNA network formation | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | modification by poly(ADP)ribosylation | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | modification by poly(ADP)ribosylation | Bos taurus |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | actinomycin D | - |
Escherichia coli |  |
| 5.6.2.1 | actinomycin D | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Berenil | mitochondrial enzyme, not nuclear enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Berenil | - |
Trypanosoma cruzi | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Ethidium bromide | mitochondrial enzyme, not nuclear enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Ethidium bromide | - |
Trypanosoma cruzi | |
| 5.6.2.1 | heparin | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | heparin | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 5.6.2.1 | heparin | - |
Mus musculus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | above 20 mM | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | poly(ADP)ribosylation leads to a loss in relaxing activity | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | NEM | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | NEM | - |
Brassica oleracea | |
| 5.6.2.1 | NEM | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Neomycin sulfate | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | p-hydroxymercuribenzoate | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | poly(dG) | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | poly(dG) | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | poly(rG) | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | single-stranded DNA | strong inhibitor of relaxation reaction | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methansulfon-m-anisidide | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Anticancer drug VM26 | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Anticancer drug VP16-213 | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | coumermycin | coumermycin A1 | Bacillus subtilis | |
| 5.6.2.2 | coumermycin | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than those needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.2 | coumermycin | coumermycin A1 | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | coumermycin | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than those needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase; coumermycin A1 | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | coumermycin | coumermycin A1 | Micrococcus luteus | |
| 5.6.2.2 | ellipticines | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | ellipticines | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Bacillus subtilis | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than that needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than that needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Micrococcus luteus | |
| 5.6.2.2 | novobiocin | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than that needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.2 | novobiocin | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | novobiocin | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than that needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | novobiocin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Oxolinic acid | - |
Bacillus subtilis | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Oxolinic acid | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than that needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Oxolinic acid | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Oxolinic acid | concentration required to observe inhibition with the eukaryotic enzyme is much higher than that needed to inhibit bacterial gyrase | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Oxolinic acid | - |
Micrococcus luteus | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Oxolinic acid | - |
Tequatrovirus T4 | |
| 5.6.2.2 | single-stranded DNA | strong inhibition of relaxation | eukaryota | |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.2 | 0.28 | - |
ATP | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | |
| 5.6.2.2 | 0.63 | - |
dATP | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | mitochondrion | - |
Bos taurus | 5739 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | mitochondrion | liver | Rattus norvegicus | 5739 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | mitochondrion | oocytes | Xenopus laevis | 5739 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | - |
Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | - |
Trypanosoma cruzi | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | eukaryota | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Mus musculus | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Homo sapiens | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Rattus norvegicus | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Bos taurus | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Triticum aestivum | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Xenopus laevis | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Brassica oleracea | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | nucleus | associated with chromatin | Ustilago maydis | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
eukaryota | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
Homo sapiens | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
Bos taurus | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
Xenopus laevis | 5634 | - |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | Ca2+ | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Ca2+ | can replace Mg2+ in stimulation to some degree | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Co2+ | can replace Mg2+ in stimulation to some degree | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | - |
Mus musculus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | - |
Trypanosoma cruzi | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | - |
Brassica oleracea | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | required | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | required | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | carries Mg2+, tightly bound | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Na+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Na+ | - |
Brassica oleracea | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Na+ | optimal activity at 150-200 mM Na+ or other monovalent cations. Below a concentration of 100 mM Na+, the enzyme acts in a processive fashion, and above 150 mM in a nonprocessive fashion | eukaryota | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
overview | eukaryota |
| 5.6.2.1 | 65000 | 70000 | - |
Xenopus laevis |
| 5.6.2.1 | 105000 | - |
- |
Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.1 | 120000 | - |
- |
Micrococcus luteus |
| 5.6.2.2 | 95000 | - |
2 * 95000, gyrA subunit, + 2 * 105000, gyrB subunit | Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | 95000 | - |
2 * 95000 + 2 * 115000 | Micrococcus luteus |
| 5.6.2.2 | 105000 | - |
2 * 95000, gyrA subunit, + 2 * 105000, gyrB subunit | Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | 115000 | - |
2 * 95000 + 2 * 115000 | Micrococcus luteus |
| 5.6.2.2 | 400000 | - |
- |
Escherichia coli |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Mus musculus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Escherichia coli | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Homo sapiens | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Rattus norvegicus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Bos taurus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Priestia megaterium | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Xenopus laevis | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Micrococcus luteus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | eukaryota | may participate in recombination events | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | eukaryota | provides a swivel during replication | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Bacteria | enzyme controls repair function | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | eukaryota | probably engaged in the assembly of chromatin | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | Agrobacterium tumefaciens | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Avibacterium paragallinarum | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Bacteria | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Brassica oleracea | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | Escherichia coli | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | eukaryota | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Micrococcus luteus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Priestia megaterium | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Triticum aestivum | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Trypanosoma cruzi | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Ustilago maydis | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Xenopus laevis | - |
in Ref. 21 steht nur Xenopus sp. | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | Bacillus subtilis | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Bacteria | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Bos taurus | - |
calf | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Escherichia coli | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | eukaryota | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Micrococcus luteus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Tequatrovirus T4 | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Xenopus laevis | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | - |
Xenopus laevis |
| 5.6.2.2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Reaction
| EC Number | Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | ATP-independent breakage of single-stranded DNA, followed by passage and rejoining | mechanism | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | ATP-independent breakage of single-stranded DNA, followed by passage and rejoining | alters the linking number in steps of one | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.1 | ATP-independent breakage of single-stranded DNA, followed by passage and rejoining | alters the linking number in steps of one | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | ATP-dependent breakage, passage and rejoining of double-stranded DNA | processive mode of the reaction can be shifted to a distributive mode under three different conditions: 1. high ionic strength, above 170 mM, 2. high Mg2+ concentration, above 15 mM, 3. pH-values above 10 in glycine buffer | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | ATP-dependent breakage, passage and rejoining of double-stranded DNA | mechanistic models of DNA gyrase | Bacteria |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | egg | - |
Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | embryo | - |
Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | embryo | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | germ | - |
Triticum aestivum | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | liver | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | liver | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | oocyte | - |
Xenopus laevis | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | thymus | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | tissue culture | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| 5.6.2.1 | tissue culture | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | HeLa cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | liver | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | oocyte | - |
Xenopus laevis | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | thymus | - |
Bos taurus | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Priestia megaterium | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Xenopus laevis | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Micrococcus luteus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | catalyzes the conversion of a paranemic to aplectonemic joint | Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | catalyzes the conversion of a paranemic to aplectonemic joint | Ustilago maydis | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | enzyme catalyzes: 1. linking or intertwining of covalently closed single-stranded DNA rings containing complementary base sequences, 2. formation of topological knots in single-stranded DNA rings | Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | recognizes DNA in a nonrandom fashion | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | phosphoryltosyl linkage between DNA and enzyme | Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | catalyzes catenene formation, a reaction specific for type II topoisomerase | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | a novel type of reaction is detected in the course of which an enzyme-attached single-stranded fragment is transferred and covalently ligated to the 5'-end of a separate double-stranded DNA molecule | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | site-specific binding to DNA substrate, enzyme linkage to 5'-ends of DNA | Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | enzyme promotes intertwining of complementary single-stranded DNA circles by forming relaxed duplex circles covalently closed in both strands. If denatured supercoiled PM2-DNA is used as a substrate, relaxed duplex circles as well as highly knotted molecules are seen among the products | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | may participate in recombination events | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | provides a swivel during replication | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | enzyme controls repair function | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | probably engaged in the assembly of chromatin | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Nicked circular DNA | - |
Homo sapiens | Large catenated DNA networks | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Nicked circular DNA | - |
Rattus norvegicus | Large catenated DNA networks | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Nicked circular DNA | enzyme catalyzes: 1. linking or intertwining of covalently closed single-stranded DNA rings containing complementary base sequences, 2. formation of topological knots in single-stranded DNA rings, 3. catenation and decatenation of double-stranded DNA circles, if one of the reacting DNA molecules has a nick | Escherichia coli | Large catenated DNA networks | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Bacteria | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | eukaryota | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Drosophila sp. (in: flies) | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Mus musculus | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Escherichia coli | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Homo sapiens | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Rattus norvegicus | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Bos taurus | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Triticum aestivum | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Priestia megaterium | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Xenopus laevis | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Micrococcus luteus | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Trypanosoma cruzi | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Brassica oleracea | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Agrobacterium tumefaciens | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Avibacterium paragallinarum | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Ustilago maydis | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation of both negatively and positively supercoiled DNA circles | eukaryota | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | specific for negatively supercoiled DNA, no activity with positively supercoiled DNA | Bacteria | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | specific for negatively supercoiled DNA, no activity with positively supercoiled DNA | Escherichia coli | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | dATP + negatively supercoiled circular DNA | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | dADP + phosphate + relaxed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Tequatrovirus T4 | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | the enzyme can alter the linking number of DNA only in steps of two | Drosophila melanogaster | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | the enzyme can alter the linking number of DNA only in steps of two | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | ATP hydrolysis | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | ATP hydrolysis | Xenopus laevis | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | the following reactions are catalyzed in an ATP-dependent fashion: relaxation of superhelical turns, catenation, decatenation, unknotting of circular duplex DNA | Drosophila melanogaster | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | the following reactions are catalyzed in an ATP-dependent fashion: relaxation of superhelical turns, catenation, decatenation, unknotting of circular duplex DNA | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | ATP-dependent generation of negative supercoils | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Drosophila melanogaster | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Bacteria | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | eukaryota | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Bacillus subtilis | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Escherichia coli | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Homo sapiens | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Rattus norvegicus | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Bos taurus | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Xenopus laevis | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Micrococcus luteus | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Tequatrovirus T4 | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Drosophila melanogaster | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Bacteria | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | eukaryota | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Bacillus subtilis | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Escherichia coli | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Homo sapiens | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Rattus norvegicus | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Bos taurus | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Xenopus laevis | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Micrococcus luteus | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Tequatrovirus T4 | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Drosophila melanogaster | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Bacteria | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | eukaryota | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Bacillus subtilis | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Escherichia coli | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Homo sapiens | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Rattus norvegicus | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Bos taurus | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Xenopus laevis | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Micrococcus luteus | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Tequatrovirus T4 | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation in absence of ATP | Bacteria | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | ATP-dependent relaxation of negative and positive supercoils | eukaryota | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | positive supercoils are relaxed in presence of beta,gamma-imido ATP | Bacteria | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | monomer | 1 * 105000 | Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | dimer | - |
eukaryota |
| 5.6.2.2 | dimer | - |
Bos taurus |
| 5.6.2.2 | dimer | 2 * 166000-175000 | Drosophila melanogaster |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | - |
Bacteria |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | - |
Bacillus subtilis |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * 95000, gyrA subunit, + 2 * 105000, gyrB subunit | Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * 95000 + 2 * 115000 | Micrococcus luteus |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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