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Literature summary extracted from

  • Zhao, C.J.; Kobashi, K.
    Purification and characterization of iron-containing urethanase from Bacillus licheniformis (1994), Biol. Pharm. Bull., 17, 773-778.
    View publication on PubMed

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 nutrition great advantage for industrial removal of urethane, potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to human, from alcoholic beverages Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 nutrition strain IFO 12107, enzyme may be a practical means of removing urethane from alcoholic beverages, because its higher activity under acidic conditions, pH 4.5, its high ethanol resistance and its low Km value for urethane Bacillus licheniformis

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
3.5.1.75 1,10-phenanthroline strong inhibition Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 bathophenanthroline complete inhibition, activity fully restored by addition of Fe3+ at a ratio of 4 iron atoms to 1 mol inactive protein, the apoenzyme Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 EDTA no inhibition Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 additional information no inhibition by 1 mM EDTA or 1 mM EGTA Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride PMSF Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 phosphoramidon
-
 Bacillus licheniformis

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.5.1.75 additional information
-
 additional information kinetic data Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 0.17
-
 urethane strain IFO 12107 Bacillus licheniformis

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
3.5.1.75 Fe3+ strain IFO 12107, iron-containing urethanase, contains a typical high-spin Fe3+ Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 additional information no effect, activation by 1 mM Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Ca2+ Bacillus licheniformis

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 42000
-
 strain IFO 12107, homotetramer, 4 * 42000, SDS-PAGE Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 160000
-
 strain IFO 12107, gel filtration Bacillus licheniformis

Organic Solvent Stability

EC Number Organic Solvent Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 Ethanol strain IFO 12107, considerably resistant to high concentrations of ethanol, 64% of the activity retained in 20% ethanol, great advantage for industrial removal of urethane from alcoholic beverages Bacillus licheniformis

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
3.5.1.75 Bacillus licheniformis
-
 eight strains, highest activity in strain IFO 12107
-
3.5.1.75 Bacillus licheniformis
-
 gastrointestinal bacterium
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
3.5.1.75 strain IFO 12107 Bacillus licheniformis

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 additional information
-
-
 Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 0.041
-
 strain IFO 12107 Bacillus licheniformis

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3.5.1.75 acetamide + H2O 78% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 benzamide + H2O 30% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 benzylcarbamate + H2O 132% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis CO2 + NH3 + benzoate
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 ethylcarbamate + H2O urethane, potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to human Bacillus licheniformis CO2 + NH3 + ethanol noncarcinogenic compounds ?
3.5.1.75 methylcarbamate + H2O 64% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis CO2 + NH3 + methanol
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 additional information substrate specificity Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 additional information hydrolyzes carbamoyl ester derivatives more rapidly than amide derivatives Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 additional information no activity with 4-nitrophenyl acetate Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 additional information no activity with urea, methylurea, ethylurea, n-butylurea, tert-butylurea, phenylurea Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 n-butylcarbamate + H2O 192% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis CO2 + NH3 + n-butanol
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 n-butyramide + H2O 93% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis ?
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 phenylcarbamate + H2O 197% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis CO2 + NH3 + phenol
-
 ?
3.5.1.75 tert-butylcarbamate + H2O 118% of the activity with ethylcarbamate Bacillus licheniformis CO2 + NH3 + tert-butanol
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 tetramer strain IFO 12107, homotetramer, 4 * 42000, SDS-PAGE Bacillus licheniformis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 37
-
-
 Bacillus licheniformis

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 55
-
 strain IFO 12107, stable below Bacillus licheniformis

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 additional information
-
 pI: 5.5 Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 additional information
-
 significantly higher urethanase activity at acidic condition than at neutral condition Bacillus licheniformis
3.5.1.75 4.5
-
-
 Bacillus licheniformis

pH Stability

EC Number pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
3.5.1.75 4 8 strain IFO 12107, stable between Bacillus licheniformis