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Literature summary extracted from
- Hyaluronidases (1952), Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Subj. Biochem., 13, 199-236.
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | cysteine | 60% activation | Bos taurus |  |
| 3.2.1.35 | NaCl | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 3.2.1.35 | NaCl | prevents inhibition by impurities present in the substrate | Bos taurus | |
Application
| EC Number | Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | medicine | increasing absorption of fluids in dermal clysis, increasing diffusion of injected substances | Bos taurus |
| 3.2.1.36 | medicine | increasing absorption of fluids in dermal clysis, increasing diffusion of injected substances | Streptococcus sp. |
General Stability
| EC Number | General Stability | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | at room temperature activity rapidly lost, addition of a peptide derived from gelatin increases stability | Bos taurus |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | acetylated hyaluronic acid | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | Cu2+ | inhibition reversed by cysteine | Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | Fe2+ | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | Fe3+ | inhibition reversed by diphosphate | Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | heparin | inhibition can be prevented by addition of NaCl | Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | heparin | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 3.2.1.35 | nitrated hyaluronic acid | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | polymer from gentisic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 3.2.1.35 | quinol | irreversible inhibition | Homo sapiens | |
| 3.2.1.35 | quinone | irreversible inhibition | Homo sapiens | |
| 3.2.1.35 | rutin | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | serum protein | inhibition strongly influenced by salts, that in- or decrease the effect | Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | Zn2+ | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.36 | Cu2+ | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | |
| 3.2.1.36 | Fe2+ | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | |
| 3.2.1.36 | polymer from gentisic acid | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | |
| 3.2.1.36 | serum protein | from human, inhibition by a true antibody | Streptococcus sp. | |
| 3.2.1.36 | Zn2+ | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Staphylococcus aureus | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Schistosoma mansoni | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Streptococcus agalactiae | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Clostridium welchii | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Streptococcus sp. | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Treponema pallidum | - |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Pneumococcus sp. | - |
- |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | CaCl2 | more effective activation than with NaCl | Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | diphosphate | 30% activation | Bos taurus | |
| 3.2.1.35 | MgCl2 | more effective activation than with NaCl | Bos taurus | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Cavia porcellus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Sus scrofa | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Bos taurus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Staphylococcus aureus | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Schistosoma mansoni | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Streptococcus agalactiae | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Streptococcus sp. | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Treponema pallidum | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Pneumococcus sp. | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Streptococcus sp. | decapsulation of mucoid strains | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Clostridium welchii | further hydrolysis of the end-products from bovine testicular enzyme | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Streptococcus sp. | further hydrolysis of the end-products from bovine testicular enzyme | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | Streptococcus sp. | spreading factor for dermonecrosis | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.35 | Cavia porcellus | - |
guinea pig | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.35 | Ovis aries aries | - |
ovine | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | Sus scrofa | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | Clostridium welchii | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | Pneumococcus sp. | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | Schistosoma mansoni | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | Staphylococcus aureus | - |
enzyme acts synergistically with vaccinia virus, greatly enhancing the infectivitiy of the virus | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | Streptococcus agalactiae | - |
- |
- |
| 3.2.1.36 | Streptococcus sp. | - |
strains A and C | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | Treponema pallidum | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | partial | Bos taurus |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | cell culture | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | semen | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | semen | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | skin | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | skin | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | synovia | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | synovia | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | testis | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | testis | - |
Ovis aries aries | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | umbilical cord | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | umbilical cord | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | vitreous humor | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | vitreous humor | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | vitreous humor | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| 3.2.1.35 | vitreous humor | - |
Ovis aries aries | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Staphylococcus aureus | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Schistosoma mansoni | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Clostridium welchii | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Streptococcus sp. | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Treponema pallidum | - |
| 3.2.1.36 | cell culture | - |
Pneumococcus sp. | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | chondroitin sulfate A + H2O | acting at the same rate as with hyaluronic acid | Bos taurus | oligosaccharides + ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | chondroitin sulfate C + H2O | acting at the same rate as with hyaluronic acid | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Cavia porcellus | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Sus scrofa | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.35 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | complete hydrolysis | Bos taurus | hyaluronic acid tetrasaccharides + ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | chondroitin sulfate A + H2O | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | oligosaccharides + ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Staphylococcus aureus | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Schistosoma mansoni | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Streptococcus agalactiae | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Streptococcus sp. | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Treponema pallidum | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Pneumococcus sp. | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | decapsulation of mucoid strains | Streptococcus sp. | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | further hydrolysis of the end-products from bovine testicular enzyme | Clostridium welchii | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | further hydrolysis of the end-products from bovine testicular enzyme | Streptococcus sp. | ? | - |
? | |
| 3.2.1.36 | hyaluronic acid + H2O | spreading factor for dermonecrosis | Streptococcus sp. | ? | - |
? | |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | 50 | - |
in the presence of gelatin twice as active as at 37°C | Bos taurus |
| 3.2.1.35 | 65 | - |
complete inactivation above | Bos taurus |
| 3.2.1.36 | 60 | - |
nearly completely destroyed | Pneumococcus sp. |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2.1.35 | 5.4 | - |
broad optimum below, pH-activity curve depends on hyaluronate-enzyme and enzyme-inhibitor interactions | Bos taurus |
| 3.2.1.36 | 6 | - |
- |
Staphylococcus aureus |
| 3.2.1.36 | 6 | - |
- |
Clostridium welchii |
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