Literature summary for 7.6.2.1 extracted from

Krijnen, P.A.; Sipkens, J.A.; Molling, J.W.; Rauwerda, J.A.; Stehouwer, C.D.; Muller, A.; Paulus, W.J.; van Nieuw Amerongen, G.P.; Hack, C.E.; Verhoeven, A.J.; van Hinsbergh, V.W.; Niessen, H.W.
Inhibition of Rho-ROCK signaling induces apoptotic and non-apoptotic PS exposure in cardiomyocytes via inhibition of flippase (2010), J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol., 49, 781-790.

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Activating Compound

Activating Compound	Comment	Organism	Structure
additional information	zVAD, a pancaspase inhibitor, and TcdB, a caspase 3 inductor, induces membrane flip-flop in H9c2 cells, overview	Rattus norvegicus

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
plasma membrane	-	Rattus norvegicus	5886	-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Mg2+	-	Rattus norvegicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + H2O + phosphatidylserine/in	Rattus norvegicus	leading to reversible exposure on in the outer plasma membrane leaflet on the cell surface of cardiomyocytes by a flip-flop mechanism	ADP + phosphate + phosphatidylserine/out	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Rattus norvegicus	-	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
cardiomyoblast	-	Rattus norvegicus	-
cardiomyocyte	adult ventricular	Rattus norvegicus	-
H9c2 cell	neonatal rat cardiomyoblasts	Rattus norvegicus	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + H2O + phosphatidylserine/in	-	Rattus norvegicus	ADP + phosphate + phosphatidylserine/out	-	?
ATP + H2O + phosphatidylserine/in	leading to reversible exposure on in the outer plasma membrane leaflet on the cell surface of cardiomyocytes by a flip-flop mechanism	Rattus norvegicus	ADP + phosphate + phosphatidylserine/out	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
flippase	-	Rattus norvegicus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
37	-	assay at	Rattus norvegicus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
7	-	assay at	Rattus norvegicus

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
physiological function	flippase selectively transports phosphatidylserine from the outer to the inner plasma membrane layer and thereby maintains transbilayer phospholipid asymmetry. Possible role for Rho 34 and downstream effector Rho-associated kinase in the process of reversible phosphatidylserine exposure, involving the flippase and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Regulation of Rho-ROCK signaling and effect of inhibition of Rho-ROCK signaling on flippase activity, overview. Inhibition of Rho-ROCK signaling, by Y27632 or H1152, induces apoptotic and non-apoptotic phosphatidylserine exposure in cardiomyocytes via inhibition of flippase	Rattus norvegicus

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)