Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-arginine | Mus musculus | - |
agmatine + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-arginine | Homo sapiens | - |
agmatine + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-arginine | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - |
agmatine + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-arginine | Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1 | - |
agmatine + CO2 | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Q9HUX1 | - |
- |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1 | Q9HUX1 | - |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
BEAS-2B cell | bronchial cell line | Homo sapiens | - |
lung | enzyme activity and agmatine levels in human sputum peak during cystic fibrosis illness, decrease with treatment, and is positively correlated with inflammatory cytokines | Mus musculus | - |
lung | enzyme activity and agmatine levels in human sputum peak during cystic fibrosis illness, decrease with treatment, and is positively correlated with inflammatory cytokines. Bacterial pathways of agmatine metabolism are able to impact the agmatine levels within the lung during infection | Homo sapiens | - |
RAW-264.7 cell | - |
Mus musculus | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-arginine | - |
Mus musculus | agmatine + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-arginine | - |
Homo sapiens | agmatine + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-arginine | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | agmatine + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-arginine | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1 | agmatine + CO2 | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
ADC | - |
Mus musculus |
ADC | - |
Homo sapiens |
ADC | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
SpeA | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate | - |
Mus musculus | |
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate | - |
Homo sapiens | |
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate | - |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Mus musculus | arginine decarboxylase has been shown to be upregulated from the macrophage-like cell line RAW-264.7 in response to lipopolysaccharides and cytokines resulting in more intracellular agmatine. Bacterial agmatine secretion after infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is evident in changes in the inflammatory phenotype including increased total cell count | up |
Homo sapiens | enzyme activity and agmatine levels in human sputum peak during cystic fibrosis illness, decrease with treatment, and is positively correlated with inflammatory cytokines | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
metabolism | agmatine is synthesized by the arginine decarboxylase pathway, but is essentially undetectable if the aguBA operon is left intact | Mus musculus |
metabolism | agmatine is synthesized by the arginine decarboxylase pathway, but is essentially undetectable if the aguBA operon is left intact | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | in bacteria agmatine serves as a precursor to polyamine synthesis and enhances biofilm development in some strains of the respiratory pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Agmatine is at the center of a competing metabolism in the human lung during airways infections and is influenced by the metabolic phenotypes of the infecting pathogens, e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The agu2ABCA' operon in Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a mechanism to detect extracellular agmatine and react by augmenting its biofilm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa encounters agmatine in lung infections, and this triggers planktonic pseudomonads to form a biofilm | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
physiological function | in humans, enzyme-produced agmatine is a neurotransmitter with affinities towards alpha2-adrenoreceptors, serotonin receptors, and may inhibit nitric oxide synthase. Agmatine exposure to inflammatory cells and in mice demonstrate its role as a direct immune activator with effects on TNF-alpha production, likely through NF-kappaB activation | Mus musculus |
physiological function | in humans, enzyme-produced agmatine is a neurotransmitter with affinities towards alpha2-adrenoreceptors, serotonin receptors, and may inhibit nitric oxide synthase. Agmatine is at the center of a competing metabolism in the human lung during airways infections and is influenced by the metabolic phenotypes of the infecting pathogens, e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Homo sapiens |