Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
expression of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes, expression analysis | Mus musculus |
expression of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes, expression analysis | Homo sapiens |
expression of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes, expression analysis | Rattus norvegicus |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | construction of a truncated enzyme version | Homo sapiens |
additional information | construction of a truncated enzyme version | Rattus norvegicus |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | ionomycin inhibits the expression of the full-length enzyme, but not of the truncated mutant, while mu-calpain and calpastatin inhibit the truncated enzyme, but not the full-length wild-type enzyme in the synaptosome, overview | Homo sapiens | |
additional information | ionomycin inhibits the expression of the full-length enzyme, but not of the truncated mutant, while mu-calpain and calpastatin inhibit the truncated enzyme, but not the full-length wild-type enzyme in the synaptosome, overview | Rattus norvegicus |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
soluble | - |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
soluble | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
soluble | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
synaptosome | - |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
synaptosome | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
synaptosome | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-glutamate | Mus musculus | GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | Homo sapiens | GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | Rattus norvegicus | GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
additional information | Homo sapiens | calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Rattus norvegicus | calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
proteolytic modification | the purified recombinant GAD67 is cleaved by mu-calpain at specific sites in Ca2+-dependent manner. In brain synaptosomal preparation, GAD67 is cleaved to its truncated form by an endogenous protease which is inhibited by specific calpain inhibitors. In mu-calpain knockout mice, the level of tGAD in the brain is greatly reduced compared with the wild type. When mu-calpain gene is silenced by siRNA, the level of tGAD is also markedly reduced compared to the control group. Mu-calpain is activated by neuronal stimulation and Ca2+-influx. Calpastatin inhibits GAD67 processing, calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, mutational analysis, overview | Mus musculus |
proteolytic modification | the purified recombinant GAD67 is cleaved by mu-calpain at specific sites in Ca2+-dependent manner. In brain synaptosomal preparation, GAD67 is cleaved to its truncated form by an endogenous protease which is inhibited by specific calpain inhibitors. In mu-calpain knockout mice, the level of tGAD in the brain is greatly reduced compared with the wild type. When mu-calpain gene is silenced by siRNA, the level of tGAD is also markedly reduced compared to the control group. Mu-calpain is activated by neuronal stimulation and Ca2+-influx. Calpastatin inhibits GAD67 processing, overview | Homo sapiens |
proteolytic modification | the purified recombinant GAD67 is cleaved by mu-calpain at specific sites in Ca2+-dependent manner. In brain synaptosomal preparation, GAD67 is cleaved to its truncated form by an endogenous protease which is inhibited by specific calpain inhibitors. In mu-calpain knockout mice, the level of tGAD in the brain is greatly reduced compared with the wild type. When mu-calpain gene is silenced by siRNA, the level of tGAD is also markedly reduced compared to the control group. Mu-calpain is activated by neuronal stimulation and Ca2+-influx. Calpastatin inhibits GAD67 processing, overview | Rattus norvegicus |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
brain | - |
Mus musculus | - |
brain | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
brain | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-glutamate | - |
Mus musculus | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | - |
Homo sapiens | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis | Mus musculus | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis | Homo sapiens | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
L-glutamate | GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis | Rattus norvegicus | 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 | - |
? | |
additional information | calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
GAD | - |
Mus musculus |
GAD | - |
Homo sapiens |
GAD | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
GAD65 | - |
Mus musculus |
GAD65 | - |
Homo sapiens |
GAD65 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
GAD67 | - |
Mus musculus |
GAD67 | - |
Homo sapiens |
GAD67 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
Glutamic acid decarboxylase | - |
Mus musculus |
Glutamic acid decarboxylase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Glutamic acid decarboxylase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase | - |
Mus musculus |
L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase | - |
Homo sapiens |
L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |