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Literature summary for 3.6.5.2 extracted from
- Deacetylated alphabeta-tubulin acts as a positive regulator of Rheb GTPase through increasing its GTP-loading (2013), Cell. Signal., 25, 539-551.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| alphabeta-tubulin | soluble alphabeta-tubulin acts as a constitutively active Rheb activator that performs direct Rheb-binding, the deacetylated form has a high binding affinity for Rheb. Deacetylated soluble tubulin has a positive role in Rheb function by increasing the GTP-bound Rheb levels. Overexpression of alpha-tubulin K40A increases Rheb-induced S6K1 phosphorylation | Homo sapiens |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant expression of dual tagged Rheb in HEK-293 cells or of GST-tagged Rheb | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| D60I | site-directed mutagenesis | Homo sapiens |
| D60K | site-directed mutagenesis | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | accumulation of acetylated alpha-tubulin by TSA treatment decreases the phosphorylation level of S6K1 | Homo sapiens |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | enzyme Rheb does not co-localize with microtubules but interacts with unpolymerized free alphabeta-tubulin. And Rheb does not co-localize with the ordered microtubule structure in either interphase or mitotic phase | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | required | Homo sapiens |  |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GTP + H2O | Homo sapiens | enzyme Rheb contains a high basal GTP level | GDP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | Homo sapiens | enzyme Rheb does not co-localize with microtubules but interacts with unpolymerized free alphabeta-tubulin, alphabeta-tubulin is a Rheb-binding protein. Rheb binds to deacetylated soluble alphabeta-tubulin | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | Q15382 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| GST-tagged Rheb by glutathione affinity chromatography, recombinant enzyme from HEK-293 cells by tandem affinity purification through IgG-binding and anti-Flag affinity chromatography | Homo sapiens |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GTP + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | GDP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| GTP + H2O | enzyme Rheb contains a high basal GTP level | Homo sapiens | GDP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | enzyme Rheb does not co-localize with microtubules but interacts with unpolymerized free alphabeta-tubulin, alphabeta-tubulin is a Rheb-binding protein. Rheb binds to deacetylated soluble alphabeta-tubulin | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| Rheb GTPase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| small GTPase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.4 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | overexpression of any type of Rhebs (wild-type, constitutively active form, and dominant-negative form) does not affect the intact microtubule structure, and the vesicle-formed Rheb does not co-localize with the microtubule network | additional information |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | Ras homologue enriched in the brain (Rheb) belongs to the Ras superfamily, sharing high homology with human Rap2, yeast RAS1, and human H-Ras | Homo sapiens |
| additional information | overexpression of any type of Rhebs (wild-type, constitutively active form, and dominant-negative form) does not affect the intact microtubule structure, and the vesicle-formed Rheb does not colocalize with the microtubule network during interphase and mitosis | Homo sapiens |
| physiological function | Rheb acts as a molecular switch in several cellular processes, such as misfolded protein metabolism, cellular apoptosis, vesicle formation and myogenesis. The Ras homologue enriched in brain (Rheb) regulates diverse cellular functions by modulating its nucleotide-bound status. Deacetylated alphabeta-tubulin acts as a positive regulator of Rheb GTPase through increasing its GTP-loading, regulatory mechanism of Rheb, overview. Modulation of both soluble and acetylated alphabeta-tubulin levels affects the level of GTP-bound Rheb. This occurs in the mitotic phase in which the level of acetylated alphabeta-tubulin is increased but that of GTP-bound Rheb is decreased. Rheb is an upstream key activator for the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1), which has a central role in cell growth by regulating protein synthesis, through modulating mTOR kinase activity. Tubulin-mediated Rheb regulation, detailed overview | Homo sapiens |
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