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Literature summary for 3.6.1.1 extracted from
- Excess pyrophosphate within guard cells delays stomatal closure (2019), Plant Cell Physiol., 60, 875-887 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene IPP1, recombinant expression in Arabidopsis thaliana fugu5 mutant guard cells | Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | construction and analysis of the pGC1::IPP1 line, in which the soluble-type yeast PPase inorganic pyrophosphatase (IPP1) is specifically expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana guard cells in the H+-PPase loss-of-function mutant fugu5 background. pGC1::IPP1/fugu5-1 displays typical oblong cotyledons reminiscent of fugu5 mutants, but recombinant expression of IPP1 in the guard cells of the pGC1::IPP1/fugu5-1 lines does not affect the palisade cell phenotype. Effect of pGC1::IPP1 expression on palisade tissue development and hypocotyl elongation, overview | Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| additional information | construction of the vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase) loss-of-function fugu5 mutant that is susceptible to drought and displays pleotropic postgerminative growth defects due to excess diphosphate. Specific removal of PPi from a fugu5 mutant background (i.e. in the pAVP1::IPP1 transgenic line) rescues all recognized developmental defects and vigorously enhances growth. The GC1 promoter is properly expressed in guard cells in the fugu5-1 background. Construction and phenotypic analyses of the pGC1::IPP1 line in the fugu5-1 background expressing the soluble PPase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 288c. pGC1::IPP1/fugu5-1 displays typical oblong cotyledons reminiscent of fugu5 mutants, but expression of IPP1 in the guard cells of the pGC1::IPP1/fugu5-1 lines does not affect the palisade cell phenotype, phenotypes, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| soluble | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | - |
- |
| vacuole | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 5773 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| diphosphate + H2O | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | - |
2 phosphate | - |
? |  |
| diphosphate + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
2 phosphate | - |
? | |
| diphosphate + H2O | Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508 | - |
2 phosphate | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabidopsis thaliana | A8MQH1 | - |
- |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | P00817 | - |
- |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508 | P00817 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| cotyledon | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
| guard cell | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
| leaf | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
| seedling | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| diphosphate + H2O | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 2 phosphate | - |
? | |
| diphosphate + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 2 phosphate | - |
? | |
| diphosphate + H2O | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508 | 2 phosphate | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| H+-PPase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| inorganic pyrophosphatase | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| IPP1 | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| soluble-type yeast PPase | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| malfunction | the vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase) loss-of-function fugu5 mutant is susceptible to drought and displays pleotropic postgerminative growth defects due to excess diphosphate. Stomatal closure after abscisic acid (ABA) treatment is delayed in vhp1-1, a fugu5 allele. In contrast, specific removal of diphosphate rescues all of the above fugu5 developmental and growth defects. Hydrolysis of PPi within guard cells alleviates delayed growth in fugu5-1. The GC1 promoter is properly expressed in guard cells in the fugu5-1 background. Stomatal development is mildly affected in fugu5-1. Dysfunction of H+-PPase in the fugu5 mutant leads to elevated cytosolic PPi levels and results in a pleiotropic phenotype. Mutant fugu5 plants exhibit seasonal fluctuations, growing better during the humid summer but exhibiting susceptibility to the dry winter. Recombinant expression of IPP1 in the guard cells of the pGC1::IPP1/fugu5-1 lines does not affect the palisade cell phenotype. Effect of pGC1::IPP1 expression on palisade tissue development and hypocotyl elongation, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| physiological function | the H+-PPase contributes to stomatal functioning not only as a proton pump that acidifies the vacuoles, but also as an enzyme that maintains adequate PPi levels within guard cells. Regulation of PPi levels by H+-PPase is critical for proper resumption of postgerminative plant development. Diphosphate homeostasis is important for stomatal closure. Stomatal opening is independent of H+-PPase, but a balance between PPi level and vacuolar membrane potential is required for proper regulation of stomata, excess PPi selectively affects stomatal closure movement | Arabidopsis thaliana |
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