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Literature summary for 3.4.24.69 extracted from
- Mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins (1994), Mol. Microbiol., 13, 1-8.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proteases | activation by rapid cleavage of MW 150000 polypeptide chain and generation of active di-chain neurotoxin | Clostridium butyricum | |
| Proteases | activation by rapid cleavage of MW 150000 polypeptide chain and generation of active di-chain neurotoxin | Clostridium botulinum | |
| Proteases | activation by rapid cleavage of MW 150000 polypeptide chain and generation of active di-chain neurotoxin | Clostridium baratii | |
| Proteases | bacterial or tissue proteases | Clostridium butyricum | |
| Proteases | bacterial or tissue proteases | Clostridium botulinum | |
| Proteases | bacterial or tissue proteases | Clostridium baratii |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| captopril | - |
Clostridium baratii |  |
| captopril | - |
Clostridium botulinum | |
| captopril | - |
Clostridium butyricum | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytosol | accumulates until bacterial lysis | Clostridium butyricum | 5829 | - |
| cytosol | accumulates until bacterial lysis | Clostridium botulinum | 5829 | - |
| cytosol | accumulates until bacterial lysis | Clostridium baratii | 5829 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc | contains zinc binding motif of metalloendopeptidases His-Glu-X-X-His | Clostridium butyricum | |
| Zinc | contains zinc binding motif of metalloendopeptidases His-Glu-X-X-His | Clostridium botulinum | |
| Zinc | contains zinc binding motif of metalloendopeptidases His-Glu-X-X-His | Clostridium baratii | |
| Zinc | atom absorption spectroscopy | Clostridium butyricum | |
| Zinc | atom absorption spectroscopy | Clostridium botulinum | |
| Zinc | atom absorption spectroscopy | Clostridium baratii | |
| Zinc | 1 atom of zinc per molecule botulinum neurotoxin, bound to light chain (i.e. L-chain) | Clostridium butyricum | |
| Zinc | 1 atom of zinc per molecule botulinum neurotoxin, bound to light chain (i.e. L-chain) | Clostridium botulinum | |
| Zinc | 1 atom of zinc per molecule botulinum neurotoxin, bound to light chain (i.e. L-chain) | Clostridium baratii | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium butyricum | neurotoxin binds specifically to nerve cells, botulin neurotoxin-receptors are located on the motor neuron plasmalemma at neuromuscular junctions, neurotoxin binds via protein and lipid interaction, after binding it is internalized inside vesicles of unknown nature | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium botulinum | neurotoxin binds specifically to nerve cells, botulin neurotoxin-receptors are located on the motor neuron plasmalemma at neuromuscular junctions, neurotoxin binds via protein and lipid interaction, after binding it is internalized inside vesicles of unknown nature | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium baratii | neurotoxin binds specifically to nerve cells, botulin neurotoxin-receptors are located on the motor neuron plasmalemma at neuromuscular junctions, neurotoxin binds via protein and lipid interaction, after binding it is internalized inside vesicles of unknown nature | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium butyricum | involved in limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium botulinum | involved in limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium baratii | involved in limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium butyricum | causing flaccid paralysis, in contrast to spastic paralysis caused by EC 3.4.24.68, three functionally distinct domains: domain L blocks neuroexocytosis, domain HN governs cell penetration, domain HC responsible for neurospecific binding | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium botulinum | causing flaccid paralysis, in contrast to spastic paralysis caused by EC 3.4.24.68, three functionally distinct domains: domain L blocks neuroexocytosis, domain HN governs cell penetration, domain HC responsible for neurospecific binding | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | Clostridium baratii | causing flaccid paralysis, in contrast to spastic paralysis caused by EC 3.4.24.68, three functionally distinct domains: domain L blocks neuroexocytosis, domain HN governs cell penetration, domain HC responsible for neurospecific binding | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | Clostridium butyricum | i.e. VAMP | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | Clostridium botulinum | i.e. VAMP | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | Clostridium baratii | i.e. VAMP | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | Clostridium butyricum | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | Clostridium botulinum | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | Clostridium baratii | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clostridium baratii | - |
- |
- |
| Clostridium botulinum | - |
7 serologically different neurotoxin types: BoNT/A-G | - |
| Clostridium butyricum | - |
- |
- |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, synaptobrevin (also known as neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, VAMP), synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) or syntaxin. No detected action on small molecule substrates | structure/function relationship | Clostridium butyricum | |
| Limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, synaptobrevin (also known as neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, VAMP), synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) or syntaxin. No detected action on small molecule substrates | structure/function relationship | Clostridium botulinum | |
| Limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, synaptobrevin (also known as neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, VAMP), synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) or syntaxin. No detected action on small molecule substrates | structure/function relationship | Clostridium baratii |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | no hydrolysis of short peptides spanning the respective cleavage sites of the target proteins | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | no hydrolysis of short peptides spanning the respective cleavage sites of the target proteins | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | no hydrolysis of short peptides spanning the respective cleavage sites of the target proteins | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | neurotoxin binds specifically to nerve cells, botulin neurotoxin-receptors are located on the motor neuron plasmalemma at neuromuscular junctions, neurotoxin binds via protein and lipid interaction, after binding it is internalized inside vesicles of unknown nature | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | neurotoxin binds specifically to nerve cells, botulin neurotoxin-receptors are located on the motor neuron plasmalemma at neuromuscular junctions, neurotoxin binds via protein and lipid interaction, after binding it is internalized inside vesicles of unknown nature | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | neurotoxin binds specifically to nerve cells, botulin neurotoxin-receptors are located on the motor neuron plasmalemma at neuromuscular junctions, neurotoxin binds via protein and lipid interaction, after binding it is internalized inside vesicles of unknown nature | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | involved in limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | involved in limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | involved in limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, blocks release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | causing flaccid paralysis, in contrast to spastic paralysis caused by EC 3.4.24.68, three functionally distinct domains: domain L blocks neuroexocytosis, domain HN governs cell penetration, domain HC responsible for neurospecific binding | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | causing flaccid paralysis, in contrast to spastic paralysis caused by EC 3.4.24.68, three functionally distinct domains: domain L blocks neuroexocytosis, domain HN governs cell penetration, domain HC responsible for neurospecific binding | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Neuroexocytosis multi-subunit complex + H2O | causing flaccid paralysis, in contrast to spastic paralysis caused by EC 3.4.24.68, three functionally distinct domains: domain L blocks neuroexocytosis, domain HN governs cell penetration, domain HC responsible for neurospecific binding | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Proteins of neuroexocytosis apparatus + H2O | - |
Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Proteins of neuroexocytosis apparatus + H2O | - |
Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Proteins of neuroexocytosis apparatus + H2O | - |
Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP, neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, MW 19000, with 2 isoforms in human, chicken, in rat brain: synaptobrevin/VAMP-1 and synaptobrevin/VAMP-2, cleaves at Gln76-Phe77, the same site as botulin neurotoxin B | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP, neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, MW 19000, with 2 isoforms in human, chicken, in rat brain: synaptobrevin/VAMP-1 and synaptobrevin/VAMP-2, cleaves at Gln76-Phe77, the same site as botulin neurotoxin B | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP, neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, MW 19000, with 2 isoforms in human, chicken, in rat brain: synaptobrevin/VAMP-1 and synaptobrevin/VAMP-2, cleaves at Gln76-Phe77, the same site as botulin neurotoxin B | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | hydrolyzed by serotypes BoNT/B | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | hydrolyzed by serotypes BoNT/B | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | hydrolyzed by serotypes BoNT/B | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Ser-Ala-+-Ala-Lys | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Ser-Ala-+-Ala-Lys | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Ser-Ala-+-Ala-Lys | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Gln-Lys-+-Leu-Ser | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Gln-Lys-+-Leu-Ser | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Gln-Lys-+-Leu-Ser | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | hydrolyzed by serotypes D, F or G | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | hydrolyzed by serotypes D, F or G | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | hydrolyzed by serotypes D, F or G | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | in vitro, in synaptosomes and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | in vitro, in synaptosomes and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | in vitro, in synaptosomes and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | carrying synaptobrevin/VAMP-2 | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | carrying synaptobrevin/VAMP-2 | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | carrying synaptobrevin/VAMP-2 | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | carrying Val76 instead of Gln76 is not hydrolyzed by serotype BoNT/B | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | carrying Val76 instead of Gln76 is not hydrolyzed by serotype BoNT/B | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | carrying Val76 instead of Gln76 is not hydrolyzed by serotype BoNT/B | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | highly specific neurotoxins | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | highly specific neurotoxins | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | highly specific neurotoxins | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Ser-Gln-+-Phe-Glu (at the same site as the tetanus neurotoxin) | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Ser-Gln-+-Phe-Glu (at the same site as the tetanus neurotoxin) | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| Synaptobrevin + H2O | serotype BoNT/B: cleavage at Ser-Gln-+-Phe-Glu (at the same site as the tetanus neurotoxin) | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptobrevin | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| synaptobrevin + H2O | i.e. VAMP | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A and E | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A and E | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A and E | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | in vitro, in isolated synaptosomes | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | in vitro, in isolated synaptosomes | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | in vitro, in isolated synaptosomes | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A: cleavage at Asn-Gln-+-Arg-Ala | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A: cleavage at Asn-Gln-+-Arg-Ala | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A: cleavage at Asn-Gln-+-Arg-Ala | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | in vitro and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | in vitro and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | in vitro and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A: cleavage at Asp-Arg-+-Ile-Met | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A: cleavage at Asp-Arg-+-Ile-Met | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | serotype BoNT/A: cleavage at Asp-Arg-+-Ile-Met | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | MW 25000 | Clostridium butyricum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | MW 25000 | Clostridium botulinum | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | MW 25000 | Clostridium baratii | Hydrolyzed synaptosome-associated protein | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Synaptosome-associated protein + H2O | i.e. SNAP 25, protein of presynaptic membrane | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Syntaxin + H2O | in vitro, in synaptosomes and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Syntaxin + H2O | in vitro, in synaptosomes and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Syntaxin + H2O | in vitro, in synaptosomes and in injected Aplysia neurons | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
| Syntaxin + H2O | serotype BoNT/C | Clostridium butyricum | ? | - |
? | |
| Syntaxin + H2O | serotype BoNT/C | Clostridium botulinum | ? | - |
? | |
| Syntaxin + H2O | serotype BoNT/C | Clostridium baratii | ? | - |
? | |
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