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Literature summary for 3.2.1.1 extracted from
- Purification and characterization of three amylases from viscera of hard clam Meretrix lusoria (2004), Fish. Sci., 70, 174-182.
No PubMed abstract available
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Al3+ | complete inhibition of isozyme AI-1, nearly complete inhibition of isozyme AI-2, moderate inhibition of isozyme AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria |  |
| Ba2+ | slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Cd2+ | complete inhibition of isozyme AII, high inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and moderate of AI-2, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Co2+ | slight activation of isozyme AI-2, slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Cu2+ | nearly complete inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| DTNB | inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| EDTA | strong inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Fe3+ | complete inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Hg2+ | complete inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| iodoacetic acid | slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| K+ | slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AII, slight inhibition of isozyme AI-2 | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Li+ | slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, slight inhibition of isozyme AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| NEM | inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Ni2+ | high inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| PMSF | inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Sr2+ | slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Urea | inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Zn2+ | complete inhibition of isozyme AI-1, high inhibition of isozymes AII and AI-2, at 5 mM | Meretrix lusoria | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Co2+ | slight activation of isozyme AI-2, slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| K+ | slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AII, slight inhibition of isozyme AI-2 | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Li+ | slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, slight inhibition of isozyme AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Mg2+ | slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Mn2+ | activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
| additional information | no effect on isozymes by Ca2+ | Meretrix lusoria | |
| Na+ | activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 49600 | - |
x * 49600, isozyme AI-1, SDS-PAGE, x * 56700, isozyme AI-2, SDS-PAGE, x * 100000, isozyme AII, SDS-PAGE | Meretrix lusoria |
| 56700 | - |
x * 49600, isozyme AI-1, SDS-PAGE, x * 56700, isozyme AI-2, SDS-PAGE, x * 100000, isozyme AII, SDS-PAGE | Meretrix lusoria |
| 100000 | - |
x * 49600, isozyme AI-1, SDS-PAGE, x * 56700, isozyme AI-2, SDS-PAGE, x * 100000, isozyme AII, SDS-PAGE | Meretrix lusoria |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Meretrix lusoria | - |
hard clam, three isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| native three isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII 1076fold, 1813fold, and 18fold, respectively, from viscera, to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation, and two alternating, sequential steps of both gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography | Meretrix lusoria |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| viscus | - |
Meretrix lusoria | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| amylopectin + H2O | isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, good substrate | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| amylose + H2O | isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, moderate activity | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O | lower activity with isozyme AI-2, no activity with isozymes AI-1 and AII | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| glycogen + H2O | isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, good substrate | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| laminarin + H2O | lower activity with isozyme AI-1, low activity with isozymes AI-2 and AII | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| maltopentaose + H2O | isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, low activity | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| maltotetraose + H2O | isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, low activity | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| maltotriose + H2O | lower activity with isozyme AII, no activity with isozymes AI-1 and AI-2 | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | isozyme substrate specificity, no activity of all isozymes with pullulan, alpha-cyclodextrin, and beta-cyclodextrin, overview | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
| starch + H2O | soluble starch, best substrate for isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII | Meretrix lusoria | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | x * 49600, isozyme AI-1, SDS-PAGE, x * 56700, isozyme AI-2, SDS-PAGE, x * 100000, isozyme AII, SDS-PAGE | Meretrix lusoria |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| amylase AI | - |
Meretrix lusoria |
| amylase AII | - |
Meretrix lusoria |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | 45 | isozyme AI-1 | Meretrix lusoria |
| 50 | - |
isozymes AI-2 and AII | Meretrix lusoria |
Temperature Range [°C]
| Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | 50 | activity in this range depends on the buffer system used, overview | Meretrix lusoria |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | - |
30 min, stable up to | Meretrix lusoria |
| 50 | - |
30 min, inactivation | Meretrix lusoria |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.5 | - |
about, isozyme AI-1 | Meretrix lusoria |
| 7 | - |
isozyme AII | Meretrix lusoria |
| 7.5 | - |
about, isozyme AI-2 | Meretrix lusoria |
pH Stability
| pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 8 | 12 h, isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, most stable at pH 7.0, about 50% of maximal activity at pH 3.5-4.5 and at pH 8.0-8.5, dependent on the isozyme, overview | Meretrix lusoria |
pI Value
| Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Meretrix lusoria | isozyme AI-2 | 10 | 4 |
| Meretrix lusoria | isozyme AI-1 | 9 | 4 |
| Meretrix lusoria | isozyme AII | 8 | 4 |
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